TN Together Student Survey 2022-23

State- and Region-Level Weighted Results: Detailed Tables by Gender and Grade

Introduction

The “TN Together Student Survey 2022-23 State- and Region-Level Weighted Results: Detailed Tables by Gender and Grade” report presents tables and graphs displaying weighted region- and state-level results from the Tennessee Together Student Survey administered during the 2022-23 school year. This survey was administered to 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students enrolled in Tennessee public schools in counties that elected to participate. The final sample included 35 counties and 23,011 survey respondents. The detailed tables in this report include results for the state and for the five participating TDMHSAS Behavioral Health Planning and Policy Regions (PPR). State-level data tables are labeled with the prefix “TN” and Planning and Policy Region-level tables are labeled with the prefix “PPR” and the region number. Survey results are presented by grade level (8th, 10th, or 12th) and gender (male or female). The findings from this report can be used to identify emergent needs related to substance use prevention; to monitor changes in substance use prevalence and attitudes; and to assess the impacts of community-wide efforts to prevent and reduce substance use among youth within local schools and communities.

The detailed tables in this document include weighted prevalence estimates (%) and 95 percent confidence intervals. Post-stratification weighting of survey responses by grade and gender was used to adjust for nonresponse. For the state- and region-level results, the overall weights were scaled so that the weighted count of students equaled the total state enrolled population in surveyed grades, and the weighted proportions of students in each grade matched the state population proportions. The same process was repeated for each regional analysis, with the weights scaled to equal the total region enrolled population in surveyed grades. Enrollment data from the Tennessee Department of Education 2020-21 Membership File were used to estimate student populations. To account for the complex sampling designs, statistical analyses were conducted on the weighted data using R statistical software.

TN: Statewide Data

TN: Participating Counties & Regions

Unweighted and Weighted Samples, by County

County	Unweighted Sample (n)	Weighted Sample (n)	Proportion of Weighted Total
Anderson	664	6,047	2.7%
Blount	1,077	9,506	4.3%
Cannon	219	2,046	0.9%
Carter	755	7,384	3.3%
Cheatham	871	8,616	3.9%
Clay	204	2,066	0.9%
Cumberland	702	7,355	3.3%
Dickson	1,039	9,637	4.4%
Fayette	28	226	0.1%
Fentress	234	2,019	0.9%
Franklin	386	3,798	1.7%
Gibson	431	4,616	2.1%
Greene	139	1,318	0.6%
Hamblen	481	4,415	2.0%
Hamilton	744	7,246	3.3%
Henry	797	7,840	3.5%
Jackson	207	2,100	0.9%
Johnson	286	2,846	1.3%
Lawrence	535	5,204	2.4%
Monroe	384	3,260	1.5%
Obion	318	3,096	1.4%
Overton	146	1,160	0.5%
Putnam	1,518	14,859	6.7%
Roane	619	5,634	2.5%
Scott	506	4,786	2.2%
Smith	261	2,540	1.1%
Stewart	214	2,237	1.0%
Sullivan	1,343	13,268	6.0%
Sumner	4,641	44,756	20.3%
Tipton	1,192	11,036	5.0%
Unicoi	348	3,339	1.5%
Union	245	2,205	1.0%
Washington	15	176	0.1%
Weakley	630	6,334	2.9%
Wilson	832	7,912	3.6%
Total	23,011	220,883	100.0%

Unweighted and Weighted Samples, by TDMHSAS Planning & Policy Region

Region	Unweighted Sample (n)	Weighted Sample (n)	Proportion of Weighted Total
1	2,886	15,654	9.1%
2	3,976	39,366	23.0%
3	4,016	29,939	17.5%
5	8,737	65,736	38.4%
6	3,396	20,523	12.0%
Total	23,011	171,218	100.0%

TN: Demographic Characteristics of the Unweighted Sample

Percent of Sample, by Race/Ethnicity

Race/Ethnicity	Percent
American Indian/Alaska Native	2.8%
Asian/Pacific Islander	2.9%
Black/African American	11.3%
Hispanic	10.3%
More than one race	7.5%
Other race	3.4%
White	81.4%

Percent of Sample, by Age

Age	Percent
10	0.2%
11	0.1%
12	0.2%
13	20.9%
14	21.0%
15	19.0%
16	15.4%
17	13.5%
18	9.7%

Percent of Sample, by Grade Level

Grade	Percent
8th	43.6%
10th	34.0%
12th	22.4%

Percent of Sample, by Gender

Gender	Percent
Male	49.4%
Female	47.8%
Other	2.8%

Notes: For the race/ethnicity question, students could select multiple options, so the sum of all percentages may exceed 100%.

TN: Lifetime Substance Use

Lifetime substance use was defined as using a substance at least once. Students were asked a yes or no question, “Have you ever used…” for each substance.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported any lifetime use of each substance, shown by gender and grade. Each bar in the bar graphs also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

TN: Lifetime Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7: Have you ever used prescription drugs not prescribed to you or just to get high? Prescription drugs include drugs that require a doctor’s prescription to purchase or consume like OxyContin, Percocet, Vicodin, Codeine, Adderall, Ritalin, Xanax, Klonopin, Benzos, Valium, Ativan, and Gabapentin. These do not include over-the-counter medicines.

Q7A_1: Have you ever used prescription stimulants not prescribed to you or just to get high? (e.g., Dexadrine, Adderall, Ritalin, or Concerta)

Q7B_1. Have you ever used prescription pain medications not prescribed to you or just to get high? (e.g., Vicodin, Oxycontin, Morphine, or Demerol)

TN: Lifetime Alcohol Use

Q5: Have you ever had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage? Alcoholic beverages include beer, wine, wine coolers, malt beverages, and liquor.

Q6: Have you ever had five or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage on the same occasion? Alcoholic beverages include beer, wine, wine coolers, malt beverages, and liquor.

TN: Lifetime Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8: Have you ever used over-the-counter drugs to get high or in a way other than directed? (e.g., cough/cold medicines, diet pills, stay-awake pills, or laxatives)

TN: Lifetime Cigarette Use

Q9: Have you ever smoked part or all of a cigarette? Cigarettes include menthol cigarettes, regular cigarettes, and loose tobacco rolled in cigarettes. This does not include e-cigarettes.

TN: Lifetime Use of a Vaping Device

Note: For lifetime use of a vaping device with marijuana, please see the Marijuana section below.

Q10: Have you ever used a vaping device with nicotine? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Q11: Have you ever used a vaping device with flavoring only? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Created Variable: Any lifetime vaping (including nicotine, flavoring, and/or marijuana)

TN: Lifetime Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12: Have you ever used smokeless tobacco? Smokeless tobacco can be known as chewing tobacco, spit tobacco, chew, snuff, pinch, or dip.

TN: Lifetime Marijuana Use

Q13: Have you ever used marijuana or hashish? Marijuana or hashish can be known as grass, pot, weed, hash, hash oil, or edibles.

Q13A_1. Have you ever vaped marijuana? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Q13B_1. Have you ever smoked marijuana?

Q13C. Have you ever eaten marijuana or THC edibles? Marijuana and THC edibles include Delta-8 and other edible marijuana.

TN: Lifetime Methamphetamine Use

Q14: Have you ever used methamphetamines? Methamphetamines can be known as crank, meth, blue, ice, or crystal.

TN: Lifetime Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15: Have you ever used any other illegal drugs? Other illegal drugs include substances like crack or powder cocaine, heroin, inhalants, barbiturates, steroids, etc.

TN: Age of Initiation of Substances

Age of initiation was defined as the age at which a student first used a given substance. Students who reported lifetime use were asked, “How old were you when you first used…” for each substance. Tables and bar graphs are only displayed in this section if there were students who reported lifetime use of a given substance.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no substance initiation (the “Never” column) and the percent of students who reported initiation at each age, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the weighted average age of initiation, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar in the bar graphs also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

TN: Age of Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7a: How old were you when you first used prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	95.3	0.8	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.4	0.2	0.1
Male	95.1	1.0	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.2
Female	95.6	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.8	0.6	0.8	0.4	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	96.2	0.7	0.2	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.9	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	95.3	0.9	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.8	1.1	0.2	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	94.4	0.7	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.8	1.0	1.1	0.7	0.2

TN: Age of Initiation of Alcohol Use

Q5a: How old were you when you first had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Initiation of Alcohol Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	69.8	2.8	0.9	1.3	1.5	2.7	4.3	4.5	5.1	4.1	2.1	0.9
Male	71.3	3.3	0.9	1.4	1.3	2.2	3.8	3.7	4.8	4.2	2.1	1.0
Female	68.5	2.2	0.8	1.2	1.6	3.2	4.9	5.3	5.5	4.0	2.1	0.7
8th Grade	81.3	3.0	1.1	1.7	2.1	3.6	5.2	1.6	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	70.0	2.9	0.9	1.5	1.4	2.3	4.1	6.5	7.9	2.2	0.1	0.2
12th Grade	56.6	2.5	0.5	0.8	0.8	2.1	3.5	5.6	7.6	10.8	6.7	2.4

TN: Age of Initiation of Binge Drinking

Q6a: How old were you when you first had five or more drinks on the same occasion?

Initiation of Binge Drinking at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	87.1	0.5	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.7	1.4	2.1	2.6	2.6	1.8	0.6
Male	87.1	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.5	1.3	2.0	2.5	2.7	1.8	0.8
Female	87.1	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.8	1.6	2.2	2.7	2.6	1.8	0.4
8th Grade	95.6	0.3	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.9	1.7	0.6	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	87.9	0.6	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.7	1.5	3.2	4.0	1.3	0.1	0.1
12th Grade	76.5	0.5	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.4	1.0	2.6	4.1	7.1	5.7	1.7

TN: Age of Initiation of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8a: How old were you when you first used over-the-counter drugs?

Initiation of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	94.6	1.7	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.3	0.2	0.1
Male	94.8	1.9	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.1
Female	94.6	1.4	0.1	0.4	0.3	0.6	0.9	0.6	0.6	0.3	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	94.6	2.0	0.3	0.5	0.4	0.6	1.2	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	94.8	1.5	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.4	0.6	1.0	0.7	0.2	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	94.5	1.5	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.2

TN: Age of Initiation of Cigarette Use

Q9a: How old were you when you first smoked part or all of a cigarette?

Initiation of Cigarette Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	88.2	1.4	0.7	0.8	0.8	1.3	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.0	0.8	0.3
Male	88.0	1.6	0.8	0.9	0.7	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.0	0.9	0.4
Female	88.6	1.2	0.6	0.8	0.9	1.3	1.9	1.6	1.4	1.0	0.6	0.2
8th Grade	92.6	1.4	0.7	0.8	0.9	1.7	1.4	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	88.0	1.3	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.3	1.9	2.3	1.9	0.6	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	83.4	1.6	0.6	0.8	0.6	0.9	1.7	2.0	2.6	2.6	2.4	0.8

TN: Age of Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device

Q10a: How old were you when you first used a vaping device with nicotine?

Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	70.6	1.9	0.4	0.8	1.5	3.1	5.4	5.0	4.1	2.8	1.7	2.7
Male	72.0	2.3	0.4	0.8	1.3	2.5	4.7	4.6	4.0	2.8	1.6	3.0
Female	69.1	1.4	0.4	0.9	1.7	3.8	6.0	5.5	4.2	2.8	1.8	2.4
8th Grade	79.7	1.7	0.7	1.2	2.3	4.4	5.5	2.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	2.3
10th Grade	70.5	2.0	0.4	0.8	1.5	2.8	5.9	6.4	5.9	1.6	0.1	2.2
12th Grade	60.3	2.1	0.2	0.4	0.5	2.0	4.6	7.0	6.6	7.2	5.4	3.9

Q11a: How old were you when you first used a vaping device with flavoring only?

Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device with Flavoring Only at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	86.0	0.4	0.3	0.6	0.9	1.6	2.7	2.7	2.2	1.5	0.9	0.3
Male	87.7	0.6	0.2	0.5	0.7	1.3	2.2	2.3	1.9	1.4	0.8	0.4
Female	84.2	0.2	0.3	0.7	1.0	2.0	3.3	3.1	2.4	1.5	0.9	0.3
8th Grade	89.1	0.4	0.5	0.7	1.5	2.7	3.6	1.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	86.1	0.4	0.1	0.7	0.9	1.3	2.7	3.5	3.1	1.0	0.1	0.1
12th Grade	82.3	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.8	1.9	3.3	3.5	3.7	2.7	0.8

TN: Age of Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12a: How old were you when you first used smokeless tobacco?

Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	94.9	0.6	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.5	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.3	0.2
Male	92.6	0.9	0.3	0.5	0.4	0.7	1.0	1.1	1.0	0.8	0.5	0.2
Female	97.3	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	96.8	0.6	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.7	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	95.1	0.7	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.6	0.9	1.0	0.2	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	92.5	0.6	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.5	0.8	1.0	1.2	1.4	0.9	0.4

TN: Age of Initiation of Marijuana Use

Q13a: How old were you when you first used marijuana?

Initiation of Marijuana Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	84.6	0.6	0.2	0.3	0.6	1.3	2.4	2.8	3.0	2.5	1.3	0.4
Male	85.2	0.8	0.2	0.3	0.6	1.1	2.3	2.4	2.8	2.5	1.4	0.5
Female	84.2	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.5	1.5	2.6	3.1	3.2	2.6	1.3	0.3
8th Grade	93.1	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.6	1.7	2.8	0.9	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	84.7	0.8	0.2	0.4	0.6	1.3	2.2	3.7	4.4	1.6	0.1	0.1
12th Grade	74.9	0.7	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.9	2.3	3.8	4.8	6.4	4.2	1.0

TN: Age of Initiation of Methamphetamine Use

Q14a: How old were you when you first used methamphetamines?

Initiation of Methamphetamine Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	98.9	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Male	98.6	0.6	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Female	99.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.2	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	98.9	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	98.7	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1

TN: Age of Initiation of Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15a: How old were you when you first used other illegal drugs?

Initiation of Other Illegal Drug Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	98.0	0.4	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1
Male	97.7	0.5	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1
Female	98.5	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.0
8th Grade	98.8	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	98.0	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	97.2	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.6	0.4	0.2

TN: Past 30-Day Substance Use and High-Frequency Use

Past 30-day use was defined as using a substance at least once in the past 30 days. Students who reported lifetime use of a substance were asked to report the number of times they used in the past 30 days.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no past 30-day substance use (the “0 days” column) and the proportion of students who reported each frequency of use, shown by gender and grade level.

The first bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported any past 30-day use of each substance, shown by gender and grade level. The second bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported high-frequency use, out of students who reported past 30-day use. High-frequency use is defined as having used on six or more days. High-frequency use bars can be interpreted as, “of those students who used [substance] in the past 30 days, [x]% used with high-frequency (i.e., on six or more days).” On the bar graphs, each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

TN: Past 30-Day Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Prescription Drug Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.1	1.2	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.6
Male	96.8	1.2	0.5	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.8
Female	97.4	1.2	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.3
8th Grade	96.9	1.5	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.5
10th Grade	97.1	1.0	0.6	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.6
12th Grade	97.1	1.0	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.7

Q7A_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription stimulants?

Prescription Stimulant Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	98.9	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.4
Male	98.6	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.5
Female	99.2	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.2	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	98.9	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.3
12th Grade	98.5	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.6

Q7B_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription pain medications?

Prescription Pain Medication Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	98.6	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.4
Male	98.5	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.5
Female	98.7	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	98.6	0.6	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2
10th Grade	98.7	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.4
12th Grade	98.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.5

TN: Past 30-Day Alcohol Use

Q5b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Alcohol Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	88.9	6.4	2.1	0.8	0.8	0.4	0.7
Male	89.0	5.8	1.9	1.0	0.9	0.4	1.0
Female	88.8	6.9	2.3	0.7	0.7	0.3	0.3
8th Grade	94.7	3.4	0.8	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.6
10th Grade	89.8	6.0	1.9	0.9	0.6	0.2	0.7
12th Grade	81.3	10.2	3.7	1.5	1.7	0.7	0.9

TN: Past 30-Day Binge Drinking

Q6b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have five or more drinks on the same occasion?

Binge Drinking in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	93.8	3.1	1.3	0.6	0.5	0.2	0.5
Male	93.2	2.9	1.4	0.9	0.5	0.3	0.7
Female	94.4	3.4	1.1	0.4	0.4	0.1	0.2
8th Grade	98.1	1.1	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2
10th Grade	94.4	2.8	1.1	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.6
12th Grade	88.5	5.7	2.4	1.3	1.0	0.4	0.7

TN: Past 30-Day Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use over-the-counter drugs?

Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.1	1.0	0.7	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.4
Male	97.3	0.9	0.6	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.5
Female	97.0	1.2	0.8	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.3
8th Grade	96.9	1.3	0.8	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.4
10th Grade	97.2	1.0	0.7	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.3
12th Grade	97.3	0.8	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.4

TN: Past 30-Day Cigarette Use

Q9b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke part or all of a cigarette?

Cigarette Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	96.5	1.6	0.6	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.7
Male	96.0	1.6	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.8
Female	97.0	1.5	0.5	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.5
8th Grade	97.7	1.2	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.3
10th Grade	96.6	1.6	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.7
12th Grade	94.9	2.0	0.8	0.5	0.4	0.3	1.0

TN: Past 30-Day Use of a Vaping Device

Note: For past 30-day use of a vaping device with marijuana, please see the Marijuana section below.

Q10b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use a vaping device with nicotine?

Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	86.8	2.7	1.4	0.8	1.3	0.9	6.2
Male	88.0	2.4	1.1	0.7	1.1	0.8	5.9
Female	85.5	3.0	1.6	0.9	1.4	1.0	6.6
8th Grade	91.7	2.8	1.2	0.6	1.0	0.5	2.1
10th Grade	86.7	2.4	1.4	0.9	1.2	1.1	6.2
12th Grade	81.2	2.8	1.4	0.9	1.6	1.2	10.9

Q11b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use a vaping device with flavoring only?

Use of a Vaping Device with Flavoring Only in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	94.0	1.7	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.4	2.1
Male	94.9	1.3	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.4	1.9
Female	93.0	2.1	0.9	0.6	0.7	0.5	2.2
8th Grade	95.4	1.9	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.9
10th Grade	93.6	1.7	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	2.3
12th Grade	92.9	1.4	0.8	0.6	0.7	0.5	3.1

Created Variable: Any past 30-day use of a vaping device (with nicotine, flavoring, and/or marijuana)

TN: Past 30-Day Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use smokeless tobacco?

Smokeless Tobacco Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	98.1	0.7	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.4
Male	97.0	1.0	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.7
Female	99.3	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.0	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	98.1	0.6	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.4
12th Grade	97.0	1.1	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.7

TN: Past 30-Day Marijuana Use

Q13b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use marijuana?

Marijuana Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	90.7	3.0	1.3	0.8	1.1	0.9	2.1
Male	91.1	2.7	1.2	0.8	1.0	1.0	2.3
Female	90.4	3.4	1.4	0.9	1.2	0.8	1.9
8th Grade	95.6	1.8	0.7	0.5	0.5	0.3	0.6
10th Grade	90.4	3.2	1.4	0.8	1.3	0.9	2.1
12th Grade	85.4	4.3	1.9	1.3	1.6	1.6	4.0

Q13A_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you vape marijuana?

Marijuana Vaping in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	92.9	2.0	1.1	0.8	0.9	0.8	1.5
Male	93.2	1.7	0.9	0.8	1.0	0.8	1.6
Female	92.6	2.3	1.4	0.8	0.8	0.8	1.4
8th Grade	96.8	1.3	0.6	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4
10th Grade	92.5	2.2	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.7	1.6
12th Grade	88.8	2.6	1.8	1.2	1.5	1.4	2.8

Q13B_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke marijuana?

Marijuana Smoking in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	93.6	1.8	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.6	1.6
Male	93.9	1.5	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.5	1.8
Female	93.3	2.0	1.0	0.8	0.9	0.6	1.2
8th Grade	97.2	1.1	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.4
10th Grade	93.4	1.8	0.9	0.7	1.0	0.6	1.6
12th Grade	89.7	2.4	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.0	2.9

Q13C_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use marijuana or TCH edibles?

Marijuana or THC Edible Consumption in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	95.8	1.7	0.7	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.7
Male	96.0	1.3	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.9
Female	95.7	2.2	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.5
8th Grade	98.1	0.7	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.3
10th Grade	95.6	1.8	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.8
12th Grade	93.4	2.8	1.1	0.7	0.6	0.3	1.1

TN: Past 30-Day Methamphetamine Use

Q14b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use methamphetamines?

Methamphetamine Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
Male	99.3	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.4
Female	99.8	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.7	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	99.5	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3
12th Grade	99.3	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.3

TN: Past 30-Day Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use cocaine (crack, etc.)?

Cocaine Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2
Female	99.8	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.7	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	99.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2

Q15c: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use inhalants (glue, gas, etc.)?

Inhalant Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.6	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
Female	99.7	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.7	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.6	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1

Q15d: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use hallucinogens (PCP, LSD, etc.)?

Hallucinogen Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.4	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.2	0.3	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Female	99.6	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.8	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.2	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.0	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1

Q17h: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use heroin (opiates, etc.)?

Heroin Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.7	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2
Female	99.9	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.9	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.7	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2

Q15f: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use steroids?

Steroid Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.6	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2
Female	99.8	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.7	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.6	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	99.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2

Q15g: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use ecstasy (MDMA, Molly)?

Ecstasy Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.6	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
Female	99.7	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.8	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1

TN: Perceived Access to Substances

Access to each substance was defined using students’ responses to the question, “How easy is it to get…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “Very easy” to “Very difficult.” If they did not know, they could select “Don’t know.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“Very easy,” “Fairly easy,” “Fairly difficult,” and “Very difficult”), shown by gender and grade level. Students who responded “Don’t know” were excluded from these proportion calculations.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that it was either “Fairly difficult” or “Very difficult” to obtain each substance, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

TN: Access to Prescription Drugs

Q16e. How easy is it to get prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Perceived Access to Prescription Drugs, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	18.7	19.2	19.8	42.4
Male	18.1	17.5	20.6	43.8
Female	19.0	20.6	19.1	41.4
8th Grade	18.9	17.7	17.6	45.8
10th Grade	19.2	20.1	19.0	41.7
12th Grade	17.8	19.8	22.9	39.6

TN: Access to Alcohol

Q16a. How easy is it to get alcohol (beer, coolers, liquor, etc.)?

Perceived Access to Alcohol, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	26.0	34.5	17.9	21.6
Male	25.7	33.3	18.9	22.1
Female	26.1	35.7	17.1	21.1
8th Grade	20.4	29.4	19.9	30.2
10th Grade	25.6	36.2	18.4	19.9
12th Grade	31.1	37.3	15.8	15.8

TN: Access to Tobacco Products

Q16b. How easy is it to get tobacco products (cigarettes, dip, etc.)?

Perceived Access to Tobacco Products, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	23.6	26.1	18.5	31.8
Male	25.8	25.7	18.3	30.2
Female	21.6	26.5	18.6	33.3
8th Grade	16.2	20.3	19.4	44.1
10th Grade	23.0	28.2	18.1	30.8
12th Grade	30.8	29.3	18.0	21.9

TN: Access to Vaping Devices

Q16c. How easy is it to get vaping devices (JUULs, vape pens, e-cigarettes)?

Perceived Access to Vaping Devices, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	36.9	25.6	12.2	25.3
Male	37.7	24.5	12.0	25.7
Female	36.1	26.5	12.4	24.9
8th Grade	25.0	23.2	15.0	36.8
10th Grade	39.3	26.2	11.7	22.8
12th Grade	45.1	27.1	10.2	17.6

TN: Access to Marijuana

Q16d. How easy is it to get marijuana (e.g., pot, hash, edibles)?

Perceived Access to Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	22.6	22.1	15.9	39.4
Male	23.8	21.6	16.5	38.1
Female	21.4	22.5	15.5	40.6
8th Grade	11.2	12.6	15.4	60.8
10th Grade	24.6	23.2	17.1	35.0
12th Grade	30.5	29.1	15.3	25.2

TN: Sources for Obtaining Substances

Sources for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 30 days, if you used… in which ways (if any) did you get…?” This question was asked for prescription drugs, alcohol, marijuana/THC, and vaping devices/substances. Students who reported past 30-day use were asked to select all of their sources. If a student did not use in the past 30 days, they were not asked to report sources and they are not included in these calculations.

The bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students who reported each source, provided that they responded to the question. Therefore, each data point can be interpreted as, “the percent of students who obtained substances from each source out of those who reported at least one source.” The number of students who selected at least one source is included in the title of the graph. Students could select multiple sources, so percentages in the plots will not sum to 100 percent. Demographic breakdowns are not included for individual sources due to small sample sizes.

TN: Sources for Obtaining Prescription Drugs

Q19. During the past 30 days, if you used prescription drugs to get high, how did you get the drugs? (Mark all that apply.)

TN: Sources for Obtaining Alcohol

Q17. During the past 30 days, if you used alcohol, in which ways (if any) did you get alcohol? (Mark all that apply.)

TN: Sources for Obtaining Marijuana/THC

Q20. During the past 30 days, if you used marijuana/THC (through smoking, vaping, edibles, Delta-8, or any other way), how did you get it? (Mark all that apply.)

TN: Sources for Obtaining Vaping Devices and Substances

Q21. During the past 30 days, if you vaped, how did you get your vaping devices and substances? (Mark all that apply.)

TN: Students’ Ability to Purchase Alcohol

Students’ ability to purchase alcohol was assessed with a question asking if they were asked to show proof of age if they attempted to buy.

The bar graph displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who were asked to show proof of age out of those who reported attempting to buy. Each data point can be interpreted as, “the percent of students who were asked to show proof of age of those who reported attempting to buy alcohol in the past 30 days.” The number of students who responded to this question is included in the title of the graph. Demographic breakdowns are not included for this question due to small sample sizes.

Q18. If you bought or tried to buy alcohol yourself during the past 30 days, were you ever asked to show proof of age?

TN: Riding with Impaired Drivers

Riding with impaired drivers was defined as riding in a car with someone under the influence of each substance. Students who reported ever having ridden in a car with an impaired driver were asked to report the number of times they had done so in the past 30 days.

The first bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported ever riding in a car with an impaired driver (lifetime), shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no past 30-day substance use (the “0 times” column) and the proportion of students who reported each frequency, shown by gender and grade level.

The final bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported riding with an impaired driver in the past 30 days one or more times, shown by gender and grade level.

TN: Lifetime Riding with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver

Q22b. Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was taking or was under the influence of prescription drugs?

TN: Past 30-Day Riding with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23b. During the past 30 days, how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who was taking or was under the influence of prescription drugs?

Rode with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver (past 30 days), by Gender and Grade

	0 times	1 time	2 or 3 times	4 or 5 times	6 or more times
Overall	95.4	1.4	1.2	0.5	1.6
Male	95.7	1.4	0.9	0.5	1.6
Female	95.2	1.5	1.4	0.4	1.5
8th Grade	95.0	1.7	1.2	0.3	1.8
10th Grade	95.2	1.3	1.2	0.5	1.7
12th Grade	95.9	1.3	1.1	0.6	1.2

TN: Lifetime Riding with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23a. Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was intoxicated by alcohol or drugs?

TN: Past 30-Day Riding with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23a. During the past 30 days, how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who was intoxicated by alcohol or drugs?

Rode with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver (past 30 days), by Gender and Grade

	0 times	1 time	2 or 3 times	4 or 5 times	6 or more times
Overall	88.1	4.3	3.9	1.0	2.7
Male	89.6	3.6	3.1	0.9	2.8
Female	86.7	5.0	4.6	1.2	2.6
8th Grade	89.4	4.1	3.3	0.9	2.3
10th Grade	88.0	4.4	3.6	1.1	2.9
12th Grade	86.8	4.5	4.6	1.1	3.0

TN: Friends’ Substance Use

Friends’ substance use was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have [used each substance]?”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that none of their closest friends had used (the “0 friends” column) and the proportion of students who reported each number of friends who used, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that at least one or more of their closest friends had used each substance, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

TN: Friends’ Prescription Drug Misuse

Q24c. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used prescription drugs not prescribed to them?

Friends’ Prescription Drug Misuse (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	91.5	4.2	1.7	0.7	2.0
Male	92.6	3.3	1.5	0.5	2.1
Female	90.5	5.0	1.8	0.8	1.9
8th Grade	93.1	4.0	1.2	0.4	1.2
10th Grade	90.4	4.3	2.2	0.7	2.4
12th Grade	90.7	4.2	1.6	0.9	2.6

TN: Friends’ Alcohol Use

Q24a. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Friends’ Alcohol Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	64.1	11.9	8.1	3.8	12.1
Male	69.3	10.4	6.1	2.9	11.3
Female	58.9	13.4	10.2	4.7	12.9
8th Grade	76.0	11.6	5.3	2.0	5.0
10th Grade	63.6	12.0	8.3	3.9	12.2
12th Grade	51.1	12.1	11.0	5.7	20.0

Q25b. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have had 5 or more drinks on the same occasion?

Friends’ Binge Drinking (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	77.1	7.3	5.0	2.4	8.2
Male	80.1	5.8	4.0	2.0	8.1
Female	74.1	8.7	6.0	2.9	8.2
8th Grade	89.7	4.6	2.2	1.0	2.4
10th Grade	76.7	7.8	5.1	2.6	7.9
12th Grade	63.4	9.7	8.0	3.9	15.0

TN: Friends’ Tobacco Use

Q24d. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have smoked part or all of a cigarette?

Friends’ Cigarette Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	83.2	7.6	3.8	1.4	4.0
Male	84.9	6.4	3.1	1.2	4.4
Female	81.6	8.8	4.5	1.6	3.5
8th Grade	87.1	6.6	2.9	1.0	2.5
10th Grade	83.3	7.5	3.5	1.4	4.3
12th Grade	78.8	8.9	5.1	2.0	5.2

TN: Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device

Note: Please see the next section (Friends’ Marijuana Use) for friends’ use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q24e. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used a vaping device with nicotine?

Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	62.2	11.2	7.3	4.2	15.1
Male	67.4	10.0	6.0	3.0	13.7
Female	57.0	12.4	8.7	5.3	16.5
8th Grade	70.3	11.9	5.4	2.7	9.6
10th Grade	62.0	10.7	7.1	4.3	16.0
12th Grade	53.2	11.0	9.8	5.7	20.3

TN: Friends’ Marijuana Use

Q24f. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used a vaping device with marijuana?

Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	75.6	7.8	5.0	2.9	8.7
Male	78.7	6.5	4.1	2.3	8.4
Female	72.5	9.1	6.0	3.5	8.9
8th Grade	85.7	5.7	3.1	1.2	4.2
10th Grade	73.9	7.9	5.1	3.1	10.0
12th Grade	65.9	10.1	7.1	4.5	12.4

Q24g. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used marijuana or hashish some other way?

Friends’ Marijuana Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	78.6	7.4	4.0	2.2	7.7
Male	80.4	6.6	3.3	2.0	7.7
Female	77.0	8.2	4.6	2.5	7.7
8th Grade	88.5	5.4	1.8	1.1	3.2
10th Grade	77.5	7.6	4.0	2.3	8.6
12th Grade	68.8	9.5	6.3	3.5	11.9

TN: Parent, Peer, and Personal Disapproval of Alcohol and Other Drug Use

Parent, peer, and personal disapproval for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to…”, “How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to…”, and “How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “Not at all wrong” to “Very wrong.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“Not at all wrong,” “A little bit wrong,” “Wrong,” and “Very wrong”), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that it was either “Wrong” or “Very wrong,” shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

TN: Parent Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q25g. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Parent Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.4	1.6	7.4	89.6
Male	1.6	1.5	7.7	89.1
Female	1.0	1.8	7.1	90.1
8th Grade	1.0	1.6	6.9	90.4
10th Grade	1.5	1.6	7.2	89.7
12th Grade	1.6	1.7	8.2	88.4

TN: Parent Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q26a. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to drink alcohol?

Parent Disapproval of Drinking Alcohol, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	5.0	15.1	19.9	59.9
Male	4.8	13.9	19.5	61.8
Female	5.1	16.4	20.3	58.2
8th Grade	2.7	10.0	17.8	69.6
10th Grade	4.9	14.9	20.0	60.2
12th Grade	7.9	21.2	22.2	48.7

Q26b. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Parent Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.7	3.1	12.4	82.8
Male	2.0	3.2	12.7	82.1
Female	1.2	3.0	12.2	83.6
8th Grade	1.0	2.0	8.9	88.0
10th Grade	1.7	2.8	12.0	83.5
12th Grade	2.2	4.7	17.0	76.1

TN: Parent Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q26c. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to smoke tobacco?

Parent Disapproval of Smoking Tobacco, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.9	3.5	12.6	81.9
Male	2.2	3.8	12.7	81.3
Female	1.6	3.2	12.5	82.7
8th Grade	1.2	2.2	9.3	87.3
10th Grade	1.9	3.4	12.2	82.5
12th Grade	2.9	5.0	16.9	75.2

TN: Parent Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Parent Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for parental disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q25d. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Parent Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.9	5.2	13.4	78.5
Male	3.0	4.4	13.0	79.6
Female	2.7	6.0	13.8	77.5
8th Grade	1.6	3.6	10.3	84.5
10th Grade	2.9	5.1	12.8	79.1
12th Grade	4.3	7.2	17.6	71.0

TN: Parent Disapproval of Marijuana

Q25e. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Parent Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.9	4.3	10.0	82.9
Male	2.9	3.9	10.1	83.1
Female	2.7	4.6	9.9	82.7
8th Grade	1.3	2.1	6.6	90.0
10th Grade	3.0	4.6	9.8	82.6
12th Grade	4.5	6.4	14.2	75.0

Q26g. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to smoke marijuana?

Parent Disapproval of Smoking Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	3.6	5.5	10.2	80.7
Male	3.6	5.2	10.4	80.8
Female	3.5	5.7	10.0	80.7
8th Grade	1.7	2.6	6.8	89.0
10th Grade	3.8	5.9	10.2	80.1
12th Grade	5.7	8.3	14.2	71.9

TN: Peer Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q26g. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Peer Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	6.9	6.8	18.1	68.2
Male	7.8	6.8	19.2	66.2
Female	5.8	6.8	17.1	70.3
8th Grade	5.3	6.6	17.8	70.4
10th Grade	7.6	6.7	18.5	67.2
12th Grade	7.8	7.3	18.2	66.7

TN: Peer Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q27a. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to drink alcohol?

Peer Disapproval of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	21.9	18.7	19.7	39.8
Male	20.3	17.2	20.7	41.9
Female	23.4	20.1	18.7	37.8
8th Grade	11.0	16.6	23.8	48.7
10th Grade	21.3	19.8	19.7	39.2
12th Grade	34.8	19.8	15.0	30.4

Q26b. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Peer Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	10.9	11.7	23.0	54.4
Male	11.8	11.4	22.9	54.0
Female	9.9	12.1	23.1	55.0
8th Grade	6.3	8.8	22.0	62.9
10th Grade	11.1	11.7	22.9	54.2
12th Grade	15.8	15.1	24.0	45.1

TN: Peer Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q26c. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to smoke tobacco?

Peer Disapproval of Tobacco Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	11.6	11.5	21.7	55.2
Male	12.3	11.1	22.0	54.6
Female	10.8	11.9	21.4	55.9
8th Grade	6.6	9.3	21.0	63.1
10th Grade	12.0	10.9	22.5	54.6
12th Grade	16.9	14.6	21.5	47.0

TN: Peer Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for peer disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q26d. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Peer Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	19.7	14.6	18.2	47.5
Male	18.1	13.0	19.3	49.7
Female	21.2	16.2	17.2	45.4
8th Grade	12.0	12.7	19.1	56.1
10th Grade	20.1	14.4	19.2	46.4
12th Grade	27.9	16.9	16.2	38.9

TN: Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use

Q26e. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Peer Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	16.8	11.9	18.1	53.3
Male	16.2	10.7	19.0	54.1
Female	17.2	13.0	17.2	52.6
8th Grade	8.6	9.2	17.5	64.7
10th Grade	17.5	11.8	19.1	51.5
12th Grade	25.3	14.9	17.5	42.3

Q26f. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to smoke marijuana?

Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	17.3	11.6	17.4	53.6
Male	17.1	10.8	17.9	54.2
Female	17.4	12.4	17.0	53.2
8th Grade	8.4	8.4	17.2	65.9
10th Grade	18.0	12.1	18.3	51.6
12th Grade	26.6	14.7	16.7	42.0

TN: Personal Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q27g. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use prescription drugs not prescribed them?

Personal Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.9	4.5	14.3	78.2
Male	3.4	4.3	14.0	78.3
Female	2.4	4.7	14.6	78.2
8th Grade	1.9	3.5	12.6	81.9
10th Grade	3.5	4.8	14.9	76.8
12th Grade	3.5	5.4	15.7	75.4

TN: Personal Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q27a. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to drink alcohol?

Personal Disapproval of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	9.3	18.3	22.6	49.8
Male	8.9	15.9	21.8	53.5
Female	9.7	20.6	23.4	46.2
8th Grade	3.6	10.7	22.3	63.4
10th Grade	8.7	19.0	23.6	48.7
12th Grade	16.7	26.2	21.7	35.4

Q27b. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Personal Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	4.2	7.4	18.7	69.7
Male	4.6	7.3	17.7	70.4
Female	3.7	7.6	19.6	69.1
8th Grade	2.1	4.2	14.5	79.1
10th Grade	4.4	7.9	19.1	68.7
12th Grade	6.2	10.7	23.0	60.1

TN: Personal Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q28b. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to smoke tobacco?

Personal Disapproval of Tobacco Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	5.2	8.9	20.3	65.7
Male	5.5	8.2	19.5	66.8
Female	4.9	9.6	21.0	64.6
8th Grade	2.5	4.8	16.1	76.7
10th Grade	5.3	9.1	20.9	64.6
12th Grade	8.3	13.3	24.3	54.2

TN: Personal Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for personal disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q27d. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Personal Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	7.9	13.1	20.0	59.1
Male	7.0	10.9	19.0	63.1
Female	8.7	15.2	21.0	55.1
8th Grade	4.1	8.7	17.2	69.9
10th Grade	8.0	13.2	21.0	57.9
12th Grade	12.1	17.9	22.1	47.9

TN: Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use

Q27e. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Personal Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	8.1	10.8	17.4	63.7
Male	7.6	9.7	16.6	66.1
Female	8.5	11.8	18.3	61.3
8th Grade	3.3	5.8	13.2	77.6
10th Grade	8.4	11.2	18.5	61.8
12th Grade	13.3	15.9	21.1	49.6

Q27f. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use marijuana (some other way)?

Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	9.1	11.0	16.7	63.3
Male	8.9	10.2	15.9	65.0
Female	9.2	11.7	17.5	61.6
8th Grade	3.5	5.6	12.9	78.0
10th Grade	9.4	11.3	18.0	61.3
12th Grade	15.2	16.8	19.6	48.3

TN: Perception of Risk

Perception of risk for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “No risk” to “Great risk.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“No risk,” “Slight risk,” “Moderate risk,” and “Great risk”), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported either “Moderate risk” or “Great risk,” shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

TN: Perceived Risk of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q28h. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use prescription drugs that are not prescribed to them?

Perceived Risk of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	7.4	5.8	14.8	72.0
Male	8.9	6.0	15.4	69.8
Female	5.8	5.7	14.1	74.3
8th Grade	6.7	6.7	14.9	71.7
10th Grade	7.8	5.6	14.7	71.8
12th Grade	7.7	5.1	14.7	72.6

TN: Perceived Risk of Alcohol Use

Q28a. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they drink alcohol?

Perceived Risk of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	8.6	22.7	32.9	35.7
Male	10.6	22.7	31.2	35.5
Female	6.6	22.8	34.7	36.0
8th Grade	7.8	22.3	31.7	38.2
10th Grade	8.9	21.0	33.6	36.5
12th Grade	9.3	25.1	33.5	32.0

Q28b. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they have five or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage (beer, wine, liquor) once or twice a week?

Perceived Risk of Regular Binge Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	7.2	8.9	23.6	60.3
Male	9.0	9.3	23.8	57.9
Female	5.5	8.4	23.3	62.8
8th Grade	7.0	8.4	23.2	61.4
10th Grade	7.5	8.4	22.7	61.3
12th Grade	7.3	9.9	24.9	57.9

TN: Perceived Risk of Tobacco Use

Q28c. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they smoke one or more packs of cigarettes a day?

Perceived Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes a Day, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	8.0	7.7	17.3	67.0
Male	9.8	8.0	17.9	64.3
Female	6.2	7.3	16.7	69.8
8th Grade	7.2	7.2	16.1	69.5
10th Grade	8.2	7.4	17.4	66.9
12th Grade	8.8	8.4	18.6	64.2

TN: Perceived Risk of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Perceived Risk of Marijuana Use) for perceived risk of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q28d. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use a vaping device with nicotine?

Perceived Risk of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	9.6	16.9	26.8	46.6
Male	11.4	16.3	25.6	46.7
Female	7.8	17.6	28.0	46.6
8th Grade	8.3	15.3	24.9	51.6
10th Grade	10.0	16.7	27.1	46.1
12th Grade	10.8	19.0	28.7	41.5

TN: Perceived Risk of Marijuana Use

Q28e. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use a vaping device with marijuana?

Perceived Risk of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	10.8	16.5	23.5	49.2
Male	12.6	16.7	22.7	47.9
Female	8.8	16.3	24.3	50.6
8th Grade	8.4	11.2	20.8	59.7
10th Grade	11.6	17.0	23.9	47.5
12th Grade	12.6	22.1	26.2	39.2

Q28f. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they try marijuana once or twice?

Perceived Risk of Trying Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	21.9	20.7	18.3	39.2
Male	24.2	19.9	17.4	38.5
Female	19.4	21.5	19.2	39.9
8th Grade	14.3	18.4	19.7	47.6
10th Grade	23.0	21.2	18.1	37.7
12th Grade	29.2	22.9	16.7	31.2

Q28g. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they smoke marijuana once or twice a week?

Perceived Risk of Regular Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	14.7	16.0	21.6	47.7
Male	16.6	16.3	20.9	46.2
Female	12.5	15.7	22.3	49.4
8th Grade	10.0	11.3	20.4	58.3
10th Grade	15.3	16.3	22.5	45.8
12th Grade	19.2	21.0	22.0	37.8

TN: Psychological Distress

Psychological distress was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-6). This six-item scale asked students how often they have had six different feelings in the past 30 days.

The first six tables display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each likert response option (“None of the time”, “A little of the time”, Some of the time”, “Most of the time”, “All of the time”), for each of the scale items, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graph displays the weighted average scale score, shown by gender and grade level. Scale scores were calculated by adding up each respondent’s responses to the six items where a response of “None of the time” was 0 points; “A little of the time” 1 point; “Some of the time” 2 points; “Most of the time” 3 points; and “All of the time” 4 points. For example, if a student reported feeling each of the six feelings “All of the time” s/he would have a K-6 scale score of 24. Therefore, higher scores on this scale indicate greater psychological distress. Each bar in the bar graph also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

The final table in the section displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) for each level of psychological distress (low, moderate, and high). Research has shown that psychological distress scale scores of low (0-7 points), moderate (8-12 points), or high (13-24 points) are correlated with low, moderate, or high probabilities of mental health disorders such as mood and anxiety disorders and suicide ideation, for example.

TN: Feeling Nervous

Q29a. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt nervous?

Feeling Nervous in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	24.2	19.4	26.0	15.6	14.8
Male	33.8	23.4	24.3	9.9	8.5
Female	14.6	15.6	27.8	21.3	20.8
8th Grade	24.7	22.4	24.8	14.6	13.4
10th Grade	24.0	17.7	26.4	16.4	15.4
12th Grade	23.6	17.9	26.9	15.9	15.7

TN: Feeling Hopeless

Q29b. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt hopeless?

Feeling Hopeless in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	49.2	17.0	16.0	9.0	8.8
Male	59.1	15.4	12.3	6.5	6.6
Female	39.4	18.6	19.7	11.4	10.9
8th Grade	52.1	16.9	13.9	8.5	8.6
10th Grade	47.8	16.4	16.5	9.4	9.8
12th Grade	47.4	17.6	17.8	9.1	8.1

TN: Feeling Restless or Fidgety

Q29c. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt restless or fidgety?

Feeling Restless or Fidgety in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	33.8	15.1	16.8	16.1	18.3
Male	43.5	15.7	15.6	12.0	13.2
Female	24.1	14.6	18.0	20.1	23.2
8th Grade	37.0	15.0	15.1	15.2	17.7
10th Grade	31.6	14.6	16.7	16.8	20.2
12th Grade	32.5	15.7	18.8	16.1	16.9

TN: Feeling Depressed

Q29d. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt so depressed that nothing could cheer you up?

Feeling So Depressed that Nothing Could Cheer You Up in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	56.9	15.5	13.2	7.0	7.3
Male	66.5	13.0	10.2	4.9	5.3
Female	47.6	17.9	16.2	9.0	9.2
8th Grade	60.6	14.5	11.5	6.4	6.9
10th Grade	55.9	14.7	13.6	7.6	8.2
12th Grade	53.8	17.4	14.9	7.0	6.9

TN: Feeling That Everything Was an Effort

Q29e. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt that everything was an effort?

Feeling That Everything Was an Effort in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	42.1	17.0	16.5	11.9	12.5
Male	51.7	16.6	14.2	8.8	8.7
Female	32.7	17.4	18.8	14.9	16.2
8th Grade	46.4	16.8	14.6	11.0	11.2
10th Grade	40.4	16.4	16.9	12.1	14.1
12th Grade	39.1	17.8	18.2	12.5	12.4

TN: Feeling Worthless

Q29f. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt worthless?

Feeling Worthless in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	55.1	13.7	11.4	8.3	11.5
Male	65.2	11.5	9.1	5.7	8.5
Female	45.4	15.8	13.6	10.9	14.4
8th Grade	57.5	13.3	9.5	8.3	11.4
10th Grade	54.3	12.9	11.8	8.3	12.6
12th Grade	53.4	14.8	13.0	8.4	10.4

TN: K-6 Average Scale Score

TN: K-6 Levels of Pyschological Distress

Level of Psychological Distress, by Gender and Grade

	Low	Moderate	High
Overall	55.5	18.6	25.9
Male	67.0	15.8	17.2
Female	44.3	21.3	34.4
8th Grade	59.2	17.1	23.7
10th Grade	53.4	18.6	28.0
12th Grade	53.6	20.2	26.2

TN: Suicide Ideation

Suicide ideation was measured using students’ responses to two questions: (Q30) “In the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?” and (Q31) “In the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?”

The bar graphs for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who responded “Yes”, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

Q30. In the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?

Q31. In the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?

TN: Family Communication about Substance Use

Family communication about substance use for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of… [substance use]? By parents, we mean your adult guardians, whether they live with you or not.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no conversations (the “No” column), one conversation (the “Yes” column), and multiple conversations (the “Yes, more than once” column), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported at least one or more conversations, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

TN: Family Communication about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q34. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Family Communication about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	61.4	28.4	10.2
Male	63.7	26.8	9.4
Female	59.1	30.1	10.9
8th Grade	60.6	28.7	10.7
10th Grade	59.7	29.4	10.9
12th Grade	64.3	27.1	8.7

TN: Family Communication about the Dangers of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug (ATOD) Use

Q32. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of tobacco, alcohol, or drug use?

Family Communication about the Dangers of ATOD Use, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	48.3	36.3	15.4
Male	50.6	34.9	14.5
Female	45.9	37.8	16.4
8th Grade	46.8	36.2	17.0
10th Grade	46.2	37.9	15.9
12th Grade	52.3	34.7	13.0

TN: Family Communication about the Dangers of Vaping

Q33. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of vaping?

Family Communication about the Dangers of Vaping, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	51.8	35.4	12.8
Male	54.5	33.4	12.0
Female	48.9	37.4	13.6
8th Grade	49.4	36.4	14.2
10th Grade	49.6	36.7	13.7
12th Grade	56.9	32.8	10.4

TN: Exposure to Prevention and Other Messaging

Exposure to prevention messaging was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 12 months, do you recall hearing, reading, or watching an advertisement about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?” Exposure to other messaging was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 12 months, do you recall seeing anything online or on social media encouraging underage drinking, vaping, marijuana, or other drug use?”

The tables for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no exposure (the “No” column), one exposure (the “Yes” column), and multiple exposures (the “Yes, more than once” column), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported at least one or more exposures, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

TN: Exposure to Prevention Messaging about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q35. During the past 12 months, do you recall hearing, reading, or watching an advertisement about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Exposure to Prevention Messaging about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	47.7	35.1	17.3
Male	50.3	32.7	17.0
Female	45.1	37.5	17.5
8th Grade	45.4	35.0	19.6
10th Grade	46.9	35.4	17.8
12th Grade	51.3	34.7	14.0

TN: Exposure to Online Messaging Encouraging Underage Substance Use

Q36. During the past 12 months, do you recall seeing anything online or on social media encouraging underage drinking, vaping, marijuana, or other drug use?

Exposure to Online Messaging Encouraging Underage Substance Use, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	61.8	24.6	13.6
Male	66.0	21.9	12.1
Female	57.6	27.3	15.1
8th Grade	65.0	21.6	13.3
10th Grade	59.4	25.7	14.9
12th Grade	60.7	26.9	12.4

End of statewide results.

TDMHSAS Behavioral Health Planning and Policy Region 1 (PPR1) Data

PPR1: Participating Counties

Unweighted and Weighted Samples, by County

County	Unweighted Sample (n)	Weighted Sample (n)	Proportion of Weighted Total
Carter	755	4,106	26.2%
Greene	139	741	4.7%
Johnson	286	1,589	10.2%
Sullivan	1,343	7,298	46.6%
Unicoi	348	1,833	11.7%
Washington	15	87	0.6%
Total	2,886	15,654	100.0%

PPR1: Demographic Characteristics of the Unweighted Sample

Percent of Sample, by Race/Ethnicity

Race/Ethnicity	Percent
American Indian/Alaska Native	2.7%
Asian/Pacific Islander	3.0%
Black/African American	7.2%
Hispanic	7.8%
More than one race	7.1%
Other race	3.4%
White	87.2%

Percent of Sample, by Age

Age	Percent
10	0.0%
13	17.5%
14	18.7%
15	20.0%
16	15.9%
17	16.8%
18	11.1%

Percent of Sample, by Grade Level

Grade	Percent
8th	37.4%
10th	35.7%
12th	26.8%

Percent of Sample, by Gender

Gender	Percent
Male	46.9%
Female	49.2%
Other	4.0%

Notes: For the race/ethnicity question, students could select multiple options, so the sum of all percentages may exceed 100%.

PPR1: Lifetime Substance Use

Lifetime substance use was defined as using a substance at least once. Students were asked a yes or no question, “Have you ever used…” for each substance.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported any lifetime use of each substance, shown by gender and grade. Each bar in the bar graphs also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR1: Lifetime Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7: Have you ever used prescription drugs not prescribed to you or just to get high? Prescription drugs include drugs that require a doctor’s prescription to purchase or consume like OxyContin, Percocet, Vicodin, Codeine, Adderall, Ritalin, Xanax, Klonopin, Benzos, Valium, Ativan, and Gabapentin. These do not include over-the-counter medicines.

Q7A_1: Have you ever used prescription stimulants not prescribed to you or just to get high? (e.g., Dexadrine, Adderall, Ritalin, or Concerta)

Q7B_1. Have you ever used prescription pain medications not prescribed to you or just to get high? (e.g., Vicodin, Oxycontin, Morphine, or Demerol)

PPR1: Lifetime Alcohol Use

Q5: Have you ever had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage? Alcoholic beverages include beer, wine, wine coolers, malt beverages, and liquor.

Q6: Have you ever had five or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage on the same occasion? Alcoholic beverages include beer, wine, wine coolers, malt beverages, and liquor.

PPR1: Lifetime Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8: Have you ever used over-the-counter drugs to get high or in a way other than directed? (e.g., cough/cold medicines, diet pills, stay-awake pills, or laxatives)

PPR1: Lifetime Cigarette Use

Q9: Have you ever smoked part or all of a cigarette? Cigarettes include menthol cigarettes, regular cigarettes, and loose tobacco rolled in cigarettes. This does not include e-cigarettes.

PPR1: Lifetime Use of a Vaping Device

Note: For lifetime use of a vaping device with marijuana, please see the Marijuana section below.

Q10: Have you ever used a vaping device with nicotine? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Q11: Have you ever used a vaping device with flavoring only? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Created Variable: Any lifetime vaping (including nicotine, flavoring, and/or marijuana)

PPR1: Lifetime Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12: Have you ever used smokeless tobacco? Smokeless tobacco can be known as chewing tobacco, spit tobacco, chew, snuff, pinch, or dip.

PPR1: Lifetime Marijuana Use

Q13: Have you ever used marijuana or hashish? Marijuana or hashish can be known as grass, pot, weed, hash, hash oil, or edibles.

Q13A_1. Have you ever vaped marijuana? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Q13B_1. Have you ever smoked marijuana?

Q13C. Have you ever eaten marijuana or THC edibles? Marijuana and THC edibles include Delta-8 and other edible marijuana.

PPR1: Lifetime Methamphetamine Use

Q14: Have you ever used methamphetamines? Methamphetamines can be known as crank, meth, blue, ice, or crystal.

PPR1: Lifetime Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15: Have you ever used any other illegal drugs? Other illegal drugs include substances like crack or powder cocaine, heroin, inhalants, barbiturates, steroids, etc.

PPR1: Age of Initiation of Substances

Age of initiation was defined as the age at which a student first used a given substance. Students who reported lifetime use were asked, “How old were you when you first used…” for each substance. Tables and bar graphs are only displayed in this section if there were students who reported lifetime use of a given substance.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no substance initiation (the “Never” column) and the percent of students who reported initiation at each age, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the weighted average age of initiation, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar in the bar graphs also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR1: Age of Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7a: How old were you when you first used prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	95.2	0.8	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.2
Male	94.7	1.0	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.9	0.4	0.6	0.2
Female	95.8	0.6	0.2	0.1	0.4	0.3	0.8	0.4	0.3	0.5	0.3	0.1
8th Grade	95.6	0.9	0.3	0.6	0.5	0.9	1.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	94.5	1.4	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.6	0.9	1.4	0.4	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	95.4	0.2	0.3	0.0	0.3	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.9	1.3	0.3

PPR1: Age of Initiation of Alcohol Use

Q5a: How old were you when you first had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Initiation of Alcohol Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	70.1	2.6	0.8	1.2	1.9	3.1	3.8	4.6	5.3	3.5	2.4	0.7
Male	71.7	3.4	1.1	1.1	1.9	2.6	2.8	3.9	4.4	3.9	2.4	0.8
Female	68.5	1.6	0.4	1.4	1.9	3.6	4.8	5.3	6.3	3.1	2.4	0.7
8th Grade	80.6	3.3	1.0	1.2	3.1	4.4	4.7	1.2	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	69.6	3.2	1.0	1.8	1.4	2.7	3.6	6.6	7.5	1.9	0.1	0.5
12th Grade	59.6	1.1	0.1	0.7	1.1	2.2	2.9	6.0	8.3	9.0	7.4	1.5

PPR1: Age of Initiation of Binge Drinking

Q6a: How old were you when you first had five or more drinks on the same occasion?

Initiation of Binge Drinking at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	87.2	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.5	0.7	1.7	2.1	3.1	2.0	1.6	0.4
Male	87.8	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.6	0.3	1.6	1.8	3.3	2.0	1.6	0.4
Female	86.6	0.2	0.1	0.4	0.3	1.1	1.8	2.3	3.0	1.9	1.7	0.4
8th Grade	94.0	0.3	0.2	0.5	0.5	1.2	2.7	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	87.4	0.8	0.0	0.1	0.6	0.3	1.4	3.0	5.2	1.0	0.1	0.1
12th Grade	79.8	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.5	1.1	2.6	4.2	5.0	5.0	1.1

PPR1: Age of Initiation of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8a: How old were you when you first used over-the-counter drugs?

Initiation of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	95.2	1.4	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.1
Male	95.1	1.8	0.2	0.7	0.1	0.4	0.4	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.1	0.1
Female	95.5	0.9	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.5	0.8	0.6	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.2
8th Grade	94.0	2.2	0.1	0.6	0.4	0.8	1.4	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	95.4	1.4	0.3	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	1.1	0.6	0.2	0.1	0.1
12th Grade	96.3	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.4	0.1	0.4	0.4	1.0	0.4	0.1

PPR1: Age of Initiation of Cigarette Use

Q9a: How old were you when you first smoked part or all of a cigarette?

Initiation of Cigarette Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	87.2	1.5	0.9	0.9	1.1	1.7	1.8	1.4	1.6	0.9	0.9	0.2
Male	87.6	1.8	0.8	1.0	1.1	1.6	1.0	1.2	1.7	0.9	1.2	0.2
Female	86.8	1.1	0.9	0.9	1.2	1.8	2.6	1.6	1.4	0.9	0.5	0.2
8th Grade	90.0	1.6	1.5	0.7	1.6	2.4	1.7	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	86.0	1.9	0.6	1.2	1.2	1.5	1.9	2.3	2.8	0.3	0.1	0.2
12th Grade	85.4	0.9	0.4	1.0	0.5	1.3	1.7	1.4	2.0	2.4	2.6	0.4

PPR1: Age of Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device

Q10a: How old were you when you first used a vaping device with nicotine?

Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	69.6	2.0	0.3	0.8	1.5	3.8	5.4	4.8	4.3	2.4	1.3	3.8
Male	70.7	2.0	0.4	0.8	1.7	3.1	4.1	5.0	3.9	2.9	1.0	4.4
Female	68.5	1.9	0.2	0.8	1.2	4.5	6.7	4.6	4.7	2.0	1.7	3.2
8th Grade	77.8	1.7	0.6	1.3	3.0	5.6	5.6	1.9	0.1	0.0	0.0	2.5
10th Grade	67.0	2.8	0.1	0.7	1.3	3.6	7.1	6.2	6.7	1.2	0.1	3.3
12th Grade	63.8	1.4	0.2	0.3	0.1	2.0	3.2	6.6	6.2	6.3	4.0	5.8

Q11a: How old were you when you first used a vaping device with flavoring only?

Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device with Flavoring Only at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	87.2	0.4	0.3	0.4	1.0	1.6	2.6	2.4	2.3	0.7	0.8	0.4
Male	88.1	0.6	0.2	0.4	0.9	1.3	2.3	1.9	2.3	0.7	0.9	0.5
Female	86.2	0.1	0.4	0.4	1.1	1.9	2.9	3.0	2.3	0.7	0.7	0.3
8th Grade	89.3	0.3	0.7	0.5	1.8	2.6	3.7	0.8	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	85.9	0.5	0.1	0.6	0.8	1.1	2.6	3.8	3.6	0.3	0.0	0.5
12th Grade	86.3	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.1	1.0	1.3	2.6	3.2	2.0	2.4	0.6

PPR1: Age of Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12a: How old were you when you first used smokeless tobacco?

Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	95.2	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.4	0.1	0.3
Male	93.0	0.9	0.5	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.7	1.0	1.2	0.6	0.2	0.4
Female	97.6	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.2
8th Grade	96.6	0.8	0.1	0.2	0.9	0.3	0.7	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	95.1	0.6	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	1.0	1.0	0.2	0.0	0.4
12th Grade	93.8	0.5	0.7	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.6	1.2	0.9	0.3	0.5

PPR1: Age of Initiation of Marijuana Use

Q13a: How old were you when you first used marijuana?

Initiation of Marijuana Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	84.0	0.5	0.3	0.4	1.0	1.4	2.5	2.7	3.2	2.5	1.4	0.1
Male	84.3	0.7	0.2	0.2	1.1	1.1	2.0	3.1	3.4	2.2	1.4	0.2
Female	83.8	0.3	0.3	0.6	0.7	1.8	3.0	2.2	3.0	2.9	1.3	0.1
8th Grade	91.2	0.2	0.4	0.3	1.5	1.9	3.5	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	82.6	1.0	0.1	0.5	0.8	0.7	2.8	3.9	5.6	1.6	0.2	0.1
12th Grade	78.0	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.6	1.7	1.1	3.2	4.0	6.2	4.0	0.3

PPR1: Age of Initiation of Methamphetamine Use

Q14a: How old were you when you first used methamphetamines?

Initiation of Methamphetamine Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	98.9	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
Male	98.4	0.5	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Female	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.0	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	98.8	0.7	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	98.9	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.2	0.0

PPR1: Age of Initiation of Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15a: How old were you when you first used other illegal drugs?

Initiation of Other Illegal Drug Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	97.7	0.5	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.1
Male	97.4	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.1	0.2
Female	98.0	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.0
8th Grade	98.0	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.5	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	97.3	0.9	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.4	0.7	0.0	0.1	0.1
12th Grade	97.7	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.0	1.1	0.3	0.0

PPR1: Past 30-Day Substance Use and High-Frequency Use

Past 30-day use was defined as using a substance at least once in the past 30 days. Students who reported lifetime use of a substance were asked to report the number of times they used in the past 30 days.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no past 30-day substance use (the “0 days” column) and the proportion of students who reported each frequency of use, shown by gender and grade level.

The first bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported any past 30-day use of each substance, shown by gender and grade level. The second bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported high-frequency use, out of students who reported past 30-day use. High-frequency use is defined as having used on six or more days. High-frequency use bars can be interpreted as, “of those students who used [substance] in the past 30 days, [x]% used with high-frequency (i.e., on six or more days).” On the bar graphs, each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR1: Past 30-Day Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Prescription Drug Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.0	1.0	0.7	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.7
Male	96.8	1.1	0.5	0.4	0.1	0.2	1.0
Female	97.2	0.8	0.8	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.4
8th Grade	97.0	1.0	0.9	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.8
10th Grade	96.4	1.4	0.5	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.9
12th Grade	97.5	0.5	0.6	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.6

Q7A_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription stimulants?

Prescription Stimulant Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	98.7	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.4
Male	98.6	0.2	0.4	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.5
Female	98.8	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2
8th Grade	98.7	0.4	0.5	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.3
10th Grade	98.6	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.5
12th Grade	98.7	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.3

Q7B_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription pain medications?

Prescription Pain Medication Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	98.8	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.2
Male	98.6	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.3
Female	99.0	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	98.5	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.0	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.4
12th Grade	98.8	0.3	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1

PPR1: Past 30-Day Alcohol Use

Q5b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Alcohol Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	87.8	7.5	2.3	0.6	0.7	0.3	0.7
Male	89.1	5.9	2.3	0.6	0.9	0.3	1.0
Female	86.6	9.2	2.3	0.7	0.6	0.3	0.3
8th Grade	94.0	3.6	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.9
10th Grade	88.3	6.9	2.6	0.6	0.4	0.1	1.1
12th Grade	80.8	12.3	3.9	1.0	1.4	0.4	0.2

PPR1: Past 30-Day Binge Drinking

Q6b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have five or more drinks on the same occasion?

Binge Drinking in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	94.8	3.1	1.0	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3
Male	94.8	2.5	1.4	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.5
Female	94.9	3.9	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1
8th Grade	98.1	1.3	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	94.8	3.0	1.1	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.6
12th Grade	91.3	5.2	1.6	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.2

PPR1: Past 30-Day Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use over-the-counter drugs?

Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.7	0.6	0.7	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.3
Male	98.0	0.4	0.7	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.3
Female	97.5	0.7	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.3
8th Grade	97.0	0.5	0.9	0.5	0.3	0.2	0.5
10th Grade	97.8	0.8	0.6	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	98.5	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.2

PPR1: Past 30-Day Cigarette Use

Q9b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke part or all of a cigarette?

Cigarette Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	95.7	2.1	0.4	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.8
Male	95.7	1.8	0.2	0.8	0.3	0.3	0.9
Female	95.7	2.5	0.7	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.6
8th Grade	96.2	2.3	0.4	0.6	0.0	0.1	0.4
10th Grade	95.5	2.1	0.6	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.7
12th Grade	95.3	2.0	0.3	0.5	0.3	0.4	1.2

PPR1: Past 30-Day Use of a Vaping Device

Note: For past 30-day use of a vaping device with marijuana, please see the Marijuana section below.

Q10b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use a vaping device with nicotine?

Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	86.7	2.2	2.0	0.8	1.1	1.1	6.1
Male	88.1	2.1	1.7	0.6	0.8	1.3	5.5
Female	85.2	2.4	2.4	1.0	1.4	1.0	6.6
8th Grade	89.8	3.1	1.1	0.8	1.5	0.5	3.2
10th Grade	86.2	1.8	2.3	0.7	1.0	1.1	7.0
12th Grade	83.8	1.8	2.7	0.8	0.8	1.9	8.2

Q11b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use a vaping device with flavoring only?

Use of a Vaping Device with Flavoring Only in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	94.1	1.4	0.9	0.6	0.6	0.5	2.0
Male	94.9	1.3	0.6	0.3	0.3	0.6	2.1
Female	93.4	1.5	1.1	0.8	1.0	0.4	1.8
8th Grade	94.8	1.7	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.2	1.3
10th Grade	94.1	1.3	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.2	2.3
12th Grade	93.5	1.2	1.1	0.3	0.7	1.0	2.2

Created Variable: Any past 30-day use of a vaping device (with nicotine, flavoring, and/or marijuana)

PPR1: Past 30-Day Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use smokeless tobacco?

Smokeless Tobacco Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.9	0.7	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.4
Male	97.1	0.9	0.5	0.4	0.1	0.5	0.6
Female	98.9	0.5	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	98.4	0.7	0.3	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	97.4	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.3	0.5
12th Grade	98.0	0.9	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.5	0.3

PPR1: Past 30-Day Marijuana Use

Q13b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use marijuana?

Marijuana Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	90.2	3.1	1.3	0.9	1.0	1.0	2.6
Male	91.1	2.6	1.2	0.6	0.5	0.9	3.0
Female	89.3	3.5	1.4	1.1	1.5	1.1	2.2
8th Grade	93.5	2.2	0.9	0.7	0.6	0.4	1.6
10th Grade	89.6	3.1	1.0	1.3	1.5	1.1	2.5
12th Grade	87.2	3.9	2.0	0.5	0.9	1.6	3.9

Q13A_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you vape marijuana?

Marijuana Vaping in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	92.3	2.0	1.2	1.0	1.0	0.6	1.9
Male	93.4	1.6	1.1	0.7	0.9	0.3	2.1
Female	91.3	2.5	1.3	1.3	1.0	0.8	1.7
8th Grade	94.6	1.6	0.9	0.5	0.6	0.5	1.2
10th Grade	92.4	2.2	0.6	1.5	0.8	0.5	1.9
12th Grade	89.9	2.3	2.1	1.0	1.4	0.7	2.6

Q13B_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke marijuana?

Marijuana Smoking in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	93.4	2.0	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.7	1.5
Male	94.2	1.6	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.5	2.0
Female	92.6	2.5	1.2	0.8	1.1	0.9	1.0
8th Grade	95.8	1.2	1.0	0.3	0.1	0.5	1.1
10th Grade	92.6	2.4	0.4	0.8	1.2	0.6	2.1
12th Grade	91.7	2.6	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.4

Q13C_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use marijuana or TCH edibles?

Marijuana or THC Edible Consumption in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	95.5	2.0	0.5	0.4	0.7	0.3	0.7
Male	95.9	1.6	0.4	0.4	0.6	0.2	1.0
Female	95.3	2.5	0.5	0.4	0.7	0.4	0.3
8th Grade	96.8	1.0	0.3	0.2	0.6	0.4	0.7
10th Grade	95.9	1.6	0.4	0.4	0.6	0.1	0.9
12th Grade	93.8	3.5	0.7	0.5	0.7	0.3	0.5

PPR1: Past 30-Day Methamphetamine Use

Q14b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use methamphetamines?

Methamphetamine Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
Male	99.3	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.4
Female	99.7	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	99.5	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.4
12th Grade	99.5	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2

PPR1: Past 30-Day Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use cocaine (crack, etc.)?

Cocaine Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.3	0.3	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1
Female	99.7	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.6	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0
10th Grade	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	99.4	0.3	0.0	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0

Q15c: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use inhalants (glue, gas, etc.)?

Inhalant Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.6	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.1
Female	99.5	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	99.5	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0
10th Grade	99.4	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	99.8	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0

Q15d: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use hallucinogens (PCP, LSD, etc.)?

Hallucinogen Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Male	99.2	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
Female	99.8	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.8	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.3	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.4	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0

Q17h: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use heroin (opiates, etc.)?

Heroin Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.7	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Male	99.7	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.1
Female	99.7	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.8	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.7	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.6	0.1	0.0	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0

Q15f: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use steroids?

Steroid Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
Male	99.5	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2
Female	99.6	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.5	0.1	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.5	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	99.7	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.2

Q15g: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use ecstasy (MDMA, Molly)?

Ecstasy Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.6	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.6	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2
Female	99.7	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.6	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.6	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.7	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.2

PPR1: Perceived Access to Substances

Access to each substance was defined using students’ responses to the question, “How easy is it to get…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “Very easy” to “Very difficult.” If they did not know, they could select “Don’t know.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“Very easy,” “Fairly easy,” “Fairly difficult,” and “Very difficult”), shown by gender and grade level. Students who responded “Don’t know” were excluded from these proportion calculations.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that it was either “Fairly difficult” or “Very difficult” to obtain each substance, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR1: Access to Prescription Drugs

Q16e. How easy is it to get prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Perceived Access to Prescription Drugs, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	19.4	19.0	17.7	43.9
Male	19.8	18.3	16.9	45.1
Female	19.0	19.6	18.5	42.9
8th Grade	23.5	17.8	19.1	39.6
10th Grade	18.3	18.2	18.8	44.7
12th Grade	17.0	20.8	15.5	46.7

PPR1: Access to Alcohol

Q16a. How easy is it to get alcohol (beer, coolers, liquor, etc.)?

Perceived Access to Alcohol, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	25.0	34.2	18.0	22.7
Male	24.6	33.1	17.9	24.4
Female	25.2	35.3	18.2	21.3
8th Grade	21.3	28.7	19.7	30.3
10th Grade	22.3	36.5	20.9	20.4
12th Grade	30.3	36.1	14.2	19.4

PPR1: Access to Tobacco Products

Q16b. How easy is it to get tobacco products (cigarettes, dip, etc.)?

Perceived Access to Tobacco Products, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	25.6	25.4	19.3	29.7
Male	28.8	24.9	18.9	27.4
Female	22.4	25.8	19.8	32.0
8th Grade	21.4	20.9	19.8	37.9
10th Grade	25.4	25.4	20.4	28.7
12th Grade	28.8	28.5	18.0	24.6

PPR1: Access to Vaping Devices

Q16c. How easy is it to get vaping devices (JUULs, vape pens, e-cigarettes)?

Perceived Access to Vaping Devices, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	36.7	25.0	12.8	25.5
Male	38.3	23.3	12.3	26.1
Female	35.2	26.3	13.3	25.2
8th Grade	30.3	23.5	13.8	32.4
10th Grade	39.6	24.0	11.7	24.8
12th Grade	38.6	26.9	13.2	21.3

PPR1: Access to Marijuana

Q16d. How easy is it to get marijuana (e.g., pot, hash, edibles)?

Perceived Access to Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	23.3	22.0	16.6	38.0
Male	24.2	21.5	17.9	36.4
Female	22.4	22.4	15.5	39.7
8th Grade	15.0	14.1	18.8	52.1
10th Grade	26.1	23.6	16.6	33.7
12th Grade	26.4	25.9	15.2	32.5

PPR1: Sources for Obtaining Substances

Sources for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 30 days, if you used… in which ways (if any) did you get…?” This question was asked for prescription drugs, alcohol, marijuana/THC, and vaping devices/substances. Students who reported past 30-day use were asked to select all of their sources. If a student did not use in the past 30 days, they were not asked to report sources and they are not included in these calculations.

The bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students who reported each source, provided that they responded to the question. Therefore, each data point can be interpreted as, “the percent of students who obtained substances from each source out of those who reported at least one source.” The number of students who selected at least one source is included in the title of the graph. Students could select multiple sources, so percentages in the plots will not sum to 100 percent. Demographic breakdowns are not included for individual sources due to small sample sizes.

PPR1: Sources for Obtaining Prescription Drugs

Q19. During the past 30 days, if you used prescription drugs to get high, how did you get the drugs? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR1: Sources for Obtaining Alcohol

Q17. During the past 30 days, if you used alcohol, in which ways (if any) did you get alcohol? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR1: Sources for Obtaining Marijuana/THC

Q20. During the past 30 days, if you used marijuana/THC (through smoking, vaping, edibles, Delta-8, or any other way), how did you get it? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR1: Sources for Obtaining Vaping Devices and Substances

Q21. During the past 30 days, if you vaped, how did you get your vaping devices and substances? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR1: Students’ Ability to Purchase Alcohol

Students’ ability to purchase alcohol was assessed with a question asking if they were asked to show proof of age if they attempted to buy.

The bar graph displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who were asked to show proof of age out of those who reported attempting to buy. Each data point can be interpreted as, “the percent of students who were asked to show proof of age of those who reported attempting to buy alcohol in the past 30 days.” The number of students who responded to this question is included in the title of the graph. Demographic breakdowns are not included for this question due to small sample sizes.

Q18. If you bought or tried to buy alcohol yourself during the past 30 days, were you ever asked to show proof of age?

PPR1: Riding with Impaired Drivers

Riding with impaired drivers was defined as riding in a car with someone under the influence of each substance. Students who reported ever having ridden in a car with an impaired driver were asked to report the number of times they had done so in the past 30 days.

The first bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported ever riding in a car with an impaired driver (lifetime), shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no past 30-day substance use (the “0 times” column) and the proportion of students who reported each frequency, shown by gender and grade level.

The final bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported riding with an impaired driver in the past 30 days one or more times, shown by gender and grade level.

PPR1: Lifetime Riding with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver

Q22b. Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was taking or was under the influence of prescription drugs?

PPR1: Past 30-Day Riding with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23b. During the past 30 days, how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who was taking or was under the influence of prescription drugs?

Rode with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver (past 30 days), by Gender and Grade

	0 times	1 time	2 or 3 times	4 or 5 times	6 or more times
Overall	96.3	1.2	0.8	0.6	1.1
Male	96.8	1.2	0.6	0.7	0.7
Female	96.0	1.2	0.9	0.5	1.4
8th Grade	94.2	1.9	1.2	0.9	1.7
10th Grade	96.0	1.0	1.0	0.7	1.3
12th Grade	98.8	0.7	0.0	0.2	0.3

PPR1: Lifetime Riding with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23a. Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was intoxicated by alcohol or drugs?

PPR1: Past 30-Day Riding with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23a. During the past 30 days, how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who was intoxicated by alcohol or drugs?

Rode with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver (past 30 days), by Gender and Grade

	0 times	1 time	2 or 3 times	4 or 5 times	6 or more times
Overall	90.7	3.7	3.1	0.7	1.8
Male	91.3	3.4	3.0	0.7	1.6
Female	90.3	4.1	3.1	0.7	1.8
8th Grade	89.5	4.0	3.1	0.9	2.5
10th Grade	90.6	3.5	3.0	0.9	1.9
12th Grade	92.1	3.7	3.0	0.3	0.8

PPR1: Friends’ Substance Use

Friends’ substance use was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have [used each substance]?”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that none of their closest friends had used (the “0 friends” column) and the proportion of students who reported each number of friends who used, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that at least one or more of their closest friends had used each substance, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR1: Friends’ Prescription Drug Misuse

Q24c. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used prescription drugs not prescribed to them?

Friends’ Prescription Drug Misuse (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	91.2	4.4	1.8	0.6	2.0
Male	91.6	3.8	1.6	0.6	2.3
Female	91.0	5.0	1.9	0.5	1.7
8th Grade	91.9	4.0	1.9	0.6	1.6
10th Grade	88.7	6.3	1.6	0.6	2.9
12th Grade	93.1	2.8	1.8	0.5	1.7

PPR1: Friends’ Alcohol Use

Q24a. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Friends’ Alcohol Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	63.2	11.2	8.3	4.1	13.2
Male	69.0	9.0	6.2	2.9	12.9
Female	57.3	13.6	10.3	5.3	13.5
8th Grade	74.9	9.5	6.0	2.2	7.3
10th Grade	60.8	12.0	8.6	4.5	14.0
12th Grade	53.5	12.1	10.2	5.6	18.5

Q25b. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have had 5 or more drinks on the same occasion?

Friends’ Binge Drinking (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	76.0	7.9	5.6	2.6	7.8
Male	80.3	5.4	4.2	2.1	7.9
Female	71.7	10.4	7.1	3.1	7.7
8th Grade	87.6	4.5	3.1	1.4	3.4
10th Grade	74.2	8.5	6.8	2.4	8.1
12th Grade	65.8	10.8	7.0	4.1	12.2

PPR1: Friends’ Tobacco Use

Q24d. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have smoked part or all of a cigarette?

Friends’ Cigarette Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	80.5	9.4	4.2	1.5	4.3
Male	81.7	8.6	3.0	1.5	5.2
Female	79.4	10.4	5.4	1.5	3.3
8th Grade	82.5	7.8	4.1	1.8	3.8
10th Grade	78.7	11.0	3.5	1.6	5.2
12th Grade	80.3	9.6	5.1	1.2	3.9

PPR1: Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device

Note: Please see the next section (Friends’ Marijuana Use) for friends’ use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q24e. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used a vaping device with nicotine?

Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	61.7	11.2	7.7	4.8	14.7
Male	67.0	10.6	6.1	2.9	13.5
Female	56.2	11.8	9.4	6.7	15.9
8th Grade	67.5	11.2	5.3	3.2	12.7
10th Grade	60.1	11.0	8.0	5.3	15.6
12th Grade	57.1	11.2	9.8	5.9	16.0

PPR1: Friends’ Marijuana Use

Q24f. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used a vaping device with marijuana?

Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	75.4	7.5	5.5	3.5	8.1
Male	78.5	6.5	3.7	2.6	8.8
Female	72.4	8.6	7.3	4.4	7.3
8th Grade	83.8	5.3	3.6	1.1	6.3
10th Grade	72.5	7.3	6.1	4.6	9.6
12th Grade	69.7	10.1	6.8	4.8	8.5

Q24g. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used marijuana or hashish some other way?

Friends’ Marijuana Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	78.0	7.2	4.7	2.8	7.3
Male	79.7	6.0	3.7	2.6	8.0
Female	76.4	8.4	5.9	3.0	6.4
8th Grade	86.0	5.1	3.0	1.8	4.1
10th Grade	74.7	8.6	5.2	2.8	8.8
12th Grade	73.1	8.0	6.2	3.7	9.0

PPR1: Parent, Peer, and Personal Disapproval of Alcohol and Other Drug Use

Parent, peer, and personal disapproval for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to…”, “How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to…”, and “How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “Not at all wrong” to “Very wrong.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“Not at all wrong,” “A little bit wrong,” “Wrong,” and “Very wrong”), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that it was either “Wrong” or “Very wrong,” shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR1: Parent Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q25g. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Parent Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.0	1.8	7.1	90.1
Male	1.2	1.4	7.6	89.8
Female	0.8	2.1	6.5	90.6
8th Grade	0.7	2.2	6.7	90.4
10th Grade	1.3	1.8	6.3	90.6
12th Grade	1.1	1.4	8.2	89.3

PPR1: Parent Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q26a. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to drink alcohol?

Parent Disapproval of Drinking Alcohol, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	4.3	15.1	19.3	61.3
Male	4.4	13.4	19.0	63.3
Female	4.1	16.9	19.5	59.5
8th Grade	2.7	8.8	16.9	71.6
10th Grade	3.5	16.1	19.5	60.8
12th Grade	6.7	20.8	21.5	50.9

Q26b. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Parent Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.1	3.1	11.9	84.0
Male	1.2	3.5	12.0	83.3
Female	0.8	2.6	11.7	84.9
8th Grade	0.8	1.9	8.4	88.9
10th Grade	1.2	2.2	11.3	85.4
12th Grade	1.3	5.2	16.1	77.4

PPR1: Parent Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q26c. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to smoke tobacco?

Parent Disapproval of Smoking Tobacco, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.7	3.5	12.8	81.9
Male	1.8	3.6	13.2	81.4
Female	1.5	3.4	12.4	82.7
8th Grade	1.5	2.7	10.4	85.4
10th Grade	1.3	3.5	12.7	82.6
12th Grade	2.3	4.5	15.6	77.6

PPR1: Parent Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Parent Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for parental disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q25d. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Parent Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.6	4.6	13.3	79.4
Male	2.6	3.8	13.9	79.7
Female	2.5	5.5	12.7	79.3
8th Grade	2.0	4.0	10.6	83.4
10th Grade	2.5	4.5	12.5	80.5
12th Grade	3.3	5.4	17.1	74.2

PPR1: Parent Disapproval of Marijuana

Q25e. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Parent Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.5	4.2	9.1	84.1
Male	2.7	4.0	9.2	84.1
Female	2.3	4.4	9.0	84.3
8th Grade	2.3	1.7	6.8	89.3
10th Grade	2.4	5.2	8.2	84.2
12th Grade	2.9	5.8	12.6	78.6

Q26g. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to smoke marijuana?

Parent Disapproval of Smoking Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	3.3	5.5	9.5	81.6
Male	3.5	5.4	9.7	81.5
Female	3.1	5.5	9.4	81.9
8th Grade	2.7	2.0	6.7	88.6
10th Grade	3.5	7.3	8.3	80.9
12th Grade	3.9	7.2	13.9	75.0

PPR1: Peer Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q26g. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Peer Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	6.2	7.7	18.8	67.2
Male	7.2	7.5	20.3	64.9
Female	5.1	7.9	17.3	69.8
8th Grade	6.4	7.2	19.1	67.3
10th Grade	7.0	7.5	17.9	67.6
12th Grade	5.1	8.5	19.6	66.8

PPR1: Peer Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q27a. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to drink alcohol?

Peer Disapproval of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	22.4	19.2	19.9	38.5
Male	20.5	17.3	20.7	41.5
Female	24.3	21.1	19.1	35.5
8th Grade	12.2	16.6	23.9	47.4
10th Grade	21.8	21.0	19.7	37.5
12th Grade	33.9	20.0	15.9	30.2

Q26b. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Peer Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	10.6	12.5	24.6	52.2
Male	12.2	11.6	24.3	51.9
Female	9.0	13.3	25.0	52.6
8th Grade	7.1	9.7	23.0	60.1
10th Grade	10.7	12.9	23.9	52.5
12th Grade	14.2	15.0	27.2	43.6

PPR1: Peer Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q26c. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to smoke tobacco?

Peer Disapproval of Tobacco Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	12.6	13.4	21.7	52.3
Male	13.1	12.9	22.3	51.7
Female	11.9	13.9	21.2	52.9
8th Grade	8.8	11.5	21.5	58.2
10th Grade	13.2	13.1	23.0	50.7
12th Grade	15.9	15.9	20.6	47.6

PPR1: Peer Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for peer disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q26d. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Peer Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	20.6	14.5	19.2	45.8
Male	18.8	13.6	19.9	47.7
Female	22.3	15.3	18.4	43.9
8th Grade	15.5	13.1	18.1	53.2
10th Grade	20.8	14.3	21.0	43.9
12th Grade	25.8	16.1	18.3	39.9

PPR1: Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use

Q26e. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Peer Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	17.2	12.9	19.1	50.8
Male	17.0	11.5	19.5	52.0
Female	17.2	14.3	18.8	49.7
8th Grade	11.6	10.5	17.5	60.3
10th Grade	17.2	13.0	21.2	48.5
12th Grade	23.0	15.3	18.5	43.2

Q26f. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to smoke marijuana?

Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	17.3	12.5	19.5	50.7
Male	17.7	11.0	19.7	51.6
Female	16.8	14.1	19.3	49.8
8th Grade	10.7	9.1	18.9	61.3
10th Grade	17.7	13.6	20.5	48.2
12th Grade	24.0	15.0	19.0	42.0

PPR1: Personal Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q27g. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use prescription drugs not prescribed them?

Personal Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.5	4.8	14.0	78.7
Male	3.1	5.0	12.7	79.2
Female	1.8	4.5	15.4	78.3
8th Grade	1.5	4.9	12.0	81.6
10th Grade	3.5	4.8	13.2	78.5
12th Grade	2.5	4.6	17.2	75.7

PPR1: Personal Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q27a. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to drink alcohol?

Personal Disapproval of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	9.1	18.5	22.6	49.8
Male	9.5	15.7	20.4	54.3
Female	8.5	21.2	25.0	45.3
8th Grade	3.4	10.3	22.8	63.5
10th Grade	9.6	18.0	24.3	48.1
12th Grade	14.6	27.9	20.8	36.7

Q27b. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Personal Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	3.5	8.2	18.1	70.3
Male	4.0	8.3	17.4	70.3
Female	2.9	8.0	18.7	70.4
8th Grade	2.0	4.1	14.1	79.8
10th Grade	4.0	8.8	18.6	68.7
12th Grade	4.6	11.9	21.8	61.6

PPR1: Personal Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q28b. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to smoke tobacco?

Personal Disapproval of Tobacco Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	4.6	9.9	22.0	63.6
Male	4.9	8.8	20.8	65.5
Female	4.2	11.0	23.1	61.8
8th Grade	2.3	6.1	17.4	74.2
10th Grade	4.9	10.5	21.9	62.7
12th Grade	6.7	13.2	27.0	53.1

PPR1: Personal Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for personal disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q27d. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Personal Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	6.8	13.9	20.5	58.8
Male	6.3	11.2	19.7	62.7
Female	7.2	16.7	21.3	54.8
8th Grade	4.3	10.0	16.6	69.1
10th Grade	7.0	12.9	22.4	57.7
12th Grade	9.3	19.2	22.7	48.7

PPR1: Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use

Q27e. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Personal Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	7.0	11.5	18.8	62.6
Male	7.7	9.3	16.9	66.1
Female	6.2	13.7	20.8	59.2
8th Grade	3.0	7.2	13.7	76.0
10th Grade	7.8	12.1	18.9	61.2
12th Grade	10.7	15.5	24.2	49.6

Q27f. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use marijuana (some other way)?

Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	8.0	12.0	17.5	62.4
Male	9.1	10.3	16.0	64.7
Female	6.8	13.8	19.1	60.3
8th Grade	3.1	7.1	13.6	76.2
10th Grade	8.8	12.6	17.3	61.3
12th Grade	12.5	16.7	22.0	48.8

PPR1: Perception of Risk

Perception of risk for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “No risk” to “Great risk.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“No risk,” “Slight risk,” “Moderate risk,” and “Great risk”), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported either “Moderate risk” or “Great risk,” shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR1: Perceived Risk of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q28h. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use prescription drugs that are not prescribed to them?

Perceived Risk of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	6.6	5.1	14.6	73.7
Male	8.1	5.2	14.3	72.4
Female	5.0	5.0	14.9	75.1
8th Grade	4.3	6.1	14.9	74.7
10th Grade	8.2	5.3	14.3	72.2
12th Grade	7.4	3.8	14.6	74.2

PPR1: Perceived Risk of Alcohol Use

Q28a. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they drink alcohol?

Perceived Risk of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	8.1	23.0	34.8	34.1
Male	9.9	23.7	32.4	34.0
Female	6.0	22.2	37.5	34.3
8th Grade	6.3	22.8	33.0	37.9
10th Grade	9.6	21.6	36.9	31.9
12th Grade	8.3	24.8	34.6	32.3

Q28b. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they have five or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage (beer, wine, liquor) once or twice a week?

Perceived Risk of Regular Binge Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	6.8	8.3	24.7	60.2
Male	8.5	8.4	25.7	57.4
Female	5.0	8.3	23.6	63.2
8th Grade	5.3	7.9	25.2	61.6
10th Grade	8.0	8.8	23.7	59.5
12th Grade	7.1	8.3	25.1	59.5

PPR1: Perceived Risk of Tobacco Use

Q28c. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they smoke one or more packs of cigarettes a day?

Perceived Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes a Day, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	7.3	9.3	17.4	66.0
Male	9.0	9.8	17.9	63.2
Female	5.4	8.8	16.9	68.9
8th Grade	5.7	9.4	17.2	67.6
10th Grade	8.2	9.8	17.5	64.5
12th Grade	7.9	8.7	17.4	66.0

PPR1: Perceived Risk of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Perceived Risk of Marijuana Use) for perceived risk of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q28d. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use a vaping device with nicotine?

Perceived Risk of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	9.2	17.3	27.6	45.9
Male	11.0	17.2	25.4	46.4
Female	7.3	17.4	29.8	45.5
8th Grade	7.5	16.4	27.1	48.9
10th Grade	10.6	16.9	28.3	44.3
12th Grade	9.6	18.8	27.3	44.4

PPR1: Perceived Risk of Marijuana Use

Q28e. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use a vaping device with marijuana?

Perceived Risk of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	10.3	18.0	24.5	47.2
Male	12.2	19.3	22.4	46.1
Female	8.2	16.7	26.7	48.5
8th Grade	7.4	13.2	23.7	55.7
10th Grade	11.8	19.5	25.3	43.4
12th Grade	11.7	21.7	24.5	42.1

Q28f. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they try marijuana once or twice?

Perceived Risk of Trying Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	21.6	20.5	20.8	37.1
Male	24.2	20.5	19.7	35.7
Female	18.8	20.5	22.1	38.6
8th Grade	13.5	19.7	23.1	43.6
10th Grade	24.5	21.2	20.9	33.5
12th Grade	27.2	20.7	18.3	33.8

Q28g. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they smoke marijuana once or twice a week?

Perceived Risk of Regular Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	14.7	16.1	21.9	47.3
Male	17.1	16.6	21.3	44.9
Female	12.1	15.4	22.5	49.9
8th Grade	9.6	12.2	21.7	56.5
10th Grade	16.6	17.7	22.1	43.6
12th Grade	18.2	18.6	21.8	41.5

PPR1: Psychological Distress

Psychological distress was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-6). This six-item scale asked students how often they have had six different feelings in the past 30 days.

The first six tables display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each likert response option (“None of the time”, “A little of the time”, Some of the time”, “Most of the time”, “All of the time”), for each of the scale items, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graph displays the weighted average scale score, shown by gender and grade level. Scale scores were calculated by adding up each respondent’s responses to the six items where a response of “None of the time” was 0 points; “A little of the time” 1 point; “Some of the time” 2 points; “Most of the time” 3 points; and “All of the time” 4 points. For example, if a student reported feeling each of the six feelings “All of the time” s/he would have a K-6 scale score of 24. Therefore, higher scores on this scale indicate greater psychological distress. Each bar in the bar graph also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

The final table in the section displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) for each level of psychological distress (low, moderate, and high). Research has shown that psychological distress scale scores of low (0-7 points), moderate (8-12 points), or high (13-24 points) are correlated with low, moderate, or high probabilities of mental health disorders such as mood and anxiety disorders and suicide ideation, for example.

PPR1: Feeling Nervous

Q29a. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt nervous?

Feeling Nervous in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	23.7	18.7	25.2	17.1	15.3
Male	34.1	22.3	23.8	10.8	9.0
Female	13.2	15.0	26.7	23.4	21.6
8th Grade	21.9	21.6	23.3	16.6	16.6
10th Grade	25.3	16.8	23.5	18.4	15.9
12th Grade	24.0	17.6	29.0	16.2	13.3

PPR1: Feeling Hopeless

Q29b. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt hopeless?

Feeling Hopeless in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	50.8	16.6	14.1	9.1	9.3
Male	62.1	13.7	10.3	6.9	7.0
Female	39.5	19.7	17.9	11.4	11.4
8th Grade	51.4	16.2	13.1	9.8	9.5
10th Grade	49.2	16.4	13.8	10.4	10.1
12th Grade	52.0	17.4	15.5	7.1	8.1

PPR1: Feeling Restless or Fidgety

Q29c. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt restless or fidgety?

Feeling Restless or Fidgety in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	34.1	15.6	16.0	16.2	18.1
Male	44.6	16.1	14.6	11.4	13.3
Female	23.5	15.3	17.4	21.1	22.8
8th Grade	32.4	15.3	14.4	17.7	20.3
10th Grade	33.9	14.8	15.5	16.4	19.4
12th Grade	36.0	16.9	18.2	14.4	14.5

PPR1: Feeling Depressed

Q29d. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt so depressed that nothing could cheer you up?

Feeling So Depressed that Nothing Could Cheer You Up in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	57.3	14.1	13.0	7.3	8.2
Male	67.5	10.7	10.3	4.9	6.6
Female	47.3	17.6	15.6	9.8	9.7
8th Grade	57.8	13.6	11.4	7.9	9.2
10th Grade	55.9	12.8	13.1	9.3	9.0
12th Grade	58.3	16.1	14.5	4.7	6.4

PPR1: Feeling That Everything Was an Effort

Q29e. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt that everything was an effort?

Feeling That Everything Was an Effort in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	44.6	15.4	15.8	11.2	13.0
Male	54.9	15.0	12.9	8.3	8.9
Female	34.2	15.9	18.7	14.1	17.1
8th Grade	45.4	14.1	15.6	11.8	13.1
10th Grade	42.4	15.6	14.9	12.1	15.0
12th Grade	46.0	16.6	16.8	9.6	11.0

PPR1: Feeling Worthless

Q29f. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt worthless?

Feeling Worthless in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	54.9	14.6	9.3	9.1	12.1
Male	64.9	12.0	7.2	6.8	9.1
Female	45.0	17.3	11.3	11.5	14.9
8th Grade	53.3	15.1	9.2	9.2	13.3
10th Grade	53.6	12.7	8.9	11.3	13.6
12th Grade	57.9	16.2	9.8	6.9	9.3

PPR1: K-6 Average Scale Score

PPR1: K-6 Levels of Pyschological Distress

Level of Psychological Distress, by Gender and Grade

	Low	Moderate	High
Overall	56.3	17.7	26.0
Male	68.3	14.4	17.3
Female	44.3	21.2	34.5
8th Grade	55.9	16.9	27.2
10th Grade	55.0	15.6	29.4
12th Grade	58.2	20.9	21.0

PPR1: Suicide Ideation

Suicide ideation was measured using students’ responses to two questions: (Q30) “In the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?” and (Q31) “In the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?”

The bar graphs for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who responded “Yes”, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

Q30. In the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?

Q31. In the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?

PPR1: Family Communication about Substance Use

Family communication about substance use for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of… [substance use]? By parents, we mean your adult guardians, whether they live with you or not.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no conversations (the “No” column), one conversation (the “Yes” column), and multiple conversations (the “Yes, more than once” column), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported at least one or more conversations, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR1: Family Communication about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q34. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Family Communication about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	63.2	27.0	9.8
Male	66.0	25.1	8.9
Female	60.3	29.0	10.7
8th Grade	62.6	27.0	10.3
10th Grade	62.3	27.1	10.6
12th Grade	64.9	26.8	8.3

PPR1: Family Communication about the Dangers of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug (ATOD) Use

Q32. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of tobacco, alcohol, or drug use?

Family Communication about the Dangers of ATOD Use, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	50.8	34.3	14.9
Male	53.1	33.5	13.4
Female	48.3	35.3	16.4
8th Grade	50.1	33.7	16.2
10th Grade	48.6	36.2	15.1
12th Grade	53.8	32.8	13.3

PPR1: Family Communication about the Dangers of Vaping

Q33. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of vaping?

Family Communication about the Dangers of Vaping, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	53.9	33.8	12.3
Male	57.3	31.1	11.6
Female	50.4	36.6	13.0
8th Grade	51.5	33.9	14.6
10th Grade	52.4	34.9	12.6
12th Grade	58.2	32.5	9.4

PPR1: Exposure to Prevention and Other Messaging

Exposure to prevention messaging was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 12 months, do you recall hearing, reading, or watching an advertisement about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?” Exposure to other messaging was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 12 months, do you recall seeing anything online or on social media encouraging underage drinking, vaping, marijuana, or other drug use?”

The tables for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no exposure (the “No” column), one exposure (the “Yes” column), and multiple exposures (the “Yes, more than once” column), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported at least one or more exposures, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR1: Exposure to Prevention Messaging about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q35. During the past 12 months, do you recall hearing, reading, or watching an advertisement about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Exposure to Prevention Messaging about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	48.1	34.9	16.9
Male	51.0	31.6	17.4
Female	45.2	38.4	16.5
8th Grade	46.7	34.0	19.3
10th Grade	47.6	34.3	18.1
12th Grade	50.4	36.6	13.1

PPR1: Exposure to Online Messaging Encouraging Underage Substance Use

Q36. During the past 12 months, do you recall seeing anything online or on social media encouraging underage drinking, vaping, marijuana, or other drug use?

Exposure to Online Messaging Encouraging Underage Substance Use, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	62.2	24.6	13.2
Male	66.5	21.7	11.8
Female	57.7	27.7	14.6
8th Grade	65.2	21.5	13.3
10th Grade	60.1	24.7	15.2
12th Grade	61.1	28.0	11.0

End of Planning and Policy Region 1 results.

TDMHSAS Behavioral Health Planning and Policy Region 2 (PPR2) Data

PPR2: Participating Counties

Unweighted and Weighted Samples, by County

County	Unweighted Sample (n)	Weighted Sample (n)	Proportion of Weighted Total
Anderson	664	6,889	17.5%
Blount	1,077	9,967	25.3%
Hamblen	481	5,025	12.8%
Monroe	384	3,232	8.2%
Roane	619	6,304	16.0%
Scott	506	5,637	14.3%
Union	245	2,311	5.9%
Total	3,976	39,365	100.0%

PPR2: Demographic Characteristics of the Unweighted Sample

Percent of Sample, by Race/Ethnicity

Race/Ethnicity	Percent
American Indian/Alaska Native	3.3%
Asian/Pacific Islander	2.9%
Black/African American	7.8%
Hispanic	12.0%
More than one race	8.5%
Other race	3.5%
White	83.8%

Percent of Sample, by Age

Age	Percent
10	0.3%
11	0.0%
12	0.3%
13	29.8%
14	26.7%
15	15.6%
16	11.9%
17	8.6%
18	6.6%

Percent of Sample, by Grade Level

Grade	Percent
8th	57.9%
10th	27.7%
12th	14.3%

Percent of Sample, by Gender

Gender	Percent
Male	47.9%
Female	48.4%
Other	3.7%

Notes: For the race/ethnicity question, students could select multiple options, so the sum of all percentages may exceed 100%.

PPR2: Lifetime Substance Use

Lifetime substance use was defined as using a substance at least once. Students were asked a yes or no question, “Have you ever used…” for each substance.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported any lifetime use of each substance, shown by gender and grade. Each bar in the bar graphs also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR2: Lifetime Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7: Have you ever used prescription drugs not prescribed to you or just to get high? Prescription drugs include drugs that require a doctor’s prescription to purchase or consume like OxyContin, Percocet, Vicodin, Codeine, Adderall, Ritalin, Xanax, Klonopin, Benzos, Valium, Ativan, and Gabapentin. These do not include over-the-counter medicines.

Q7A_1: Have you ever used prescription stimulants not prescribed to you or just to get high? (e.g., Dexadrine, Adderall, Ritalin, or Concerta)

Q7B_1. Have you ever used prescription pain medications not prescribed to you or just to get high? (e.g., Vicodin, Oxycontin, Morphine, or Demerol)

PPR2: Lifetime Alcohol Use

Q5: Have you ever had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage? Alcoholic beverages include beer, wine, wine coolers, malt beverages, and liquor.

Q6: Have you ever had five or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage on the same occasion? Alcoholic beverages include beer, wine, wine coolers, malt beverages, and liquor.

PPR2: Lifetime Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8: Have you ever used over-the-counter drugs to get high or in a way other than directed? (e.g., cough/cold medicines, diet pills, stay-awake pills, or laxatives)

PPR2: Lifetime Cigarette Use

Q9: Have you ever smoked part or all of a cigarette? Cigarettes include menthol cigarettes, regular cigarettes, and loose tobacco rolled in cigarettes. This does not include e-cigarettes.

PPR2: Lifetime Use of a Vaping Device

Note: For lifetime use of a vaping device with marijuana, please see the Marijuana section below.

Q10: Have you ever used a vaping device with nicotine? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Q11: Have you ever used a vaping device with flavoring only? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Created Variable: Any lifetime vaping (including nicotine, flavoring, and/or marijuana)

PPR2: Lifetime Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12: Have you ever used smokeless tobacco? Smokeless tobacco can be known as chewing tobacco, spit tobacco, chew, snuff, pinch, or dip.

PPR2: Lifetime Marijuana Use

Q13: Have you ever used marijuana or hashish? Marijuana or hashish can be known as grass, pot, weed, hash, hash oil, or edibles.

Q13A_1. Have you ever vaped marijuana? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Q13B_1. Have you ever smoked marijuana?

Q13C. Have you ever eaten marijuana or THC edibles? Marijuana and THC edibles include Delta-8 and other edible marijuana.

PPR2: Lifetime Methamphetamine Use

Q14: Have you ever used methamphetamines? Methamphetamines can be known as crank, meth, blue, ice, or crystal.

PPR2: Lifetime Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15: Have you ever used any other illegal drugs? Other illegal drugs include substances like crack or powder cocaine, heroin, inhalants, barbiturates, steroids, etc.

PPR2: Age of Initiation of Substances

Age of initiation was defined as the age at which a student first used a given substance. Students who reported lifetime use were asked, “How old were you when you first used…” for each substance. Tables and bar graphs are only displayed in this section if there were students who reported lifetime use of a given substance.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no substance initiation (the “Never” column) and the percent of students who reported initiation at each age, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the weighted average age of initiation, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar in the bar graphs also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR2: Age of Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7a: How old were you when you first used prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	96.1	0.8	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.4	0.6	0.4	0.1	0.0
Male	96.3	1.0	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.0
Female	95.9	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.6	0.7	0.2	0.9	0.5	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	96.5	0.8	0.3	0.5	0.3	0.8	0.6	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	96.6	0.8	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	95.0	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.4	0.7	0.4	1.1	1.1	0.2	0.0

PPR2: Age of Initiation of Alcohol Use

Q5a: How old were you when you first had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Initiation of Alcohol Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	71.0	2.7	1.3	1.1	1.2	2.6	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.3	1.6	0.9
Male	73.4	3.1	1.5	1.4	0.9	2.0	3.8	3.7	3.8	3.7	1.4	1.4
Female	68.6	2.1	1.1	0.9	1.6	3.3	5.1	5.1	5.1	4.9	1.9	0.4
8th Grade	81.4	3.1	1.3	1.6	1.8	4.0	4.8	1.3	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.2
10th Grade	70.6	2.8	1.9	1.3	1.2	1.8	4.7	7.0	6.2	2.3	0.1	0.1
12th Grade	59.7	2.0	0.7	0.4	0.6	2.0	3.7	4.8	7.0	11.3	5.0	2.7

PPR2: Age of Initiation of Binge Drinking

Q6a: How old were you when you first had five or more drinks on the same occasion?

Initiation of Binge Drinking at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	87.8	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.8	1.3	2.0	2.2	2.4	1.7	0.6
Male	88.1	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.8	1.0	2.1	2.1	2.6	1.2	0.8
Female	87.6	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.8	1.7	1.9	2.4	2.1	2.3	0.5
8th Grade	95.6	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3	1.1	1.4	0.7	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	87.3	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.6	0.8	1.7	4.3	3.1	1.3	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	79.4	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.0	0.4	0.9	0.9	3.6	6.2	5.6	1.9

PPR2: Age of Initiation of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8a: How old were you when you first used over-the-counter drugs?

Initiation of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	94.9	1.6	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.4	0.9	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.4	0.2
Male	95.0	1.6	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.9	0.5	0.1	0.1	0.6	0.4
Female	94.8	1.5	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.6	0.8	0.6	0.7	0.3	0.1	0.0
8th Grade	95.2	1.9	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.7	1.2	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	95.8	0.8	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.0	0.1	0.0
12th Grade	93.4	2.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.4	0.8	0.6	0.4	0.7	1.0	0.6

PPR2: Age of Initiation of Cigarette Use

Q9a: How old were you when you first smoked part or all of a cigarette?

Initiation of Cigarette Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	87.4	1.7	0.8	0.9	1.1	1.6	2.2	1.4	1.5	0.6	0.4	0.4
Male	87.0	2.0	0.9	1.1	0.6	1.8	1.9	1.3	1.7	0.6	0.5	0.5
Female	88.0	1.3	0.7	0.6	1.5	1.4	2.4	1.4	1.4	0.6	0.3	0.3
8th Grade	91.7	1.7	0.6	0.8	1.1	2.1	1.4	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	85.1	1.9	1.0	1.2	1.1	2.0	3.1	2.4	1.6	0.4	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	85.1	1.4	0.8	0.6	0.9	0.6	1.9	1.5	3.0	1.5	1.4	1.2

PPR2: Age of Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device

Q10a: How old were you when you first used a vaping device with nicotine?

Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	66.9	2.8	0.4	1.0	2.0	3.7	5.4	5.7	3.8	3.0	1.6	3.8
Male	68.8	3.4	0.4	1.1	1.4	3.3	4.6	4.7	3.7	2.9	1.8	4.0
Female	65.0	2.1	0.3	0.8	2.6	4.2	6.3	6.8	3.9	3.1	1.3	3.6
8th Grade	76.8	2.9	0.5	1.1	2.8	5.2	5.6	2.2	0.3	0.0	0.0	2.7
10th Grade	66.0	2.2	0.4	1.1	2.8	3.9	6.3	7.5	4.4	1.9	0.0	3.5
12th Grade	56.6	3.4	0.2	0.6	0.2	1.7	4.4	7.8	7.1	7.7	5.1	5.4

Q11a: How old were you when you first used a vaping device with flavoring only?

Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device with Flavoring Only at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	85.5	0.5	0.1	0.6	1.2	1.9	2.6	3.1	1.8	1.9	0.5	0.3
Male	87.3	0.7	0.1	0.4	1.0	1.4	2.1	2.6	1.6	1.9	0.6	0.3
Female	83.7	0.3	0.1	0.8	1.3	2.4	3.2	3.6	2.1	1.9	0.4	0.2
8th Grade	88.9	0.6	0.4	0.6	1.8	3.2	3.0	1.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	85.6	0.4	0.0	0.9	1.3	1.3	2.9	4.5	1.9	0.9	0.1	0.1
12th Grade	81.6	0.4	0.0	0.2	0.2	1.0	1.9	3.6	3.7	5.2	1.6	0.6

PPR2: Age of Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12a: How old were you when you first used smokeless tobacco?

Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	94.0	1.2	0.3	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.8	1.0	0.5	0.3	0.3	0.1
Male	91.4	1.6	0.5	0.9	0.6	0.6	1.1	1.4	0.8	0.4	0.5	0.2
Female	96.9	0.7	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	95.6	1.2	0.3	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.9	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	93.7	1.2	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.7	1.3	0.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	92.5	1.3	0.2	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.8	1.2	0.8	1.0	0.8	0.4

PPR2: Age of Initiation of Marijuana Use

Q13a: How old were you when you first used marijuana?

Initiation of Marijuana Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	85.1	0.7	0.2	0.3	0.6	1.1	2.6	2.6	2.8	2.2	1.2	0.6
Male	85.8	0.9	0.2	0.4	0.6	1.1	2.4	2.3	2.5	2.1	1.0	0.7
Female	84.5	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.7	1.2	2.7	3.0	3.2	2.2	1.4	0.4
8th Grade	93.0	0.4	0.2	0.4	0.6	1.7	2.7	0.7	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	85.3	0.7	0.1	0.3	0.7	0.9	2.6	4.5	3.5	1.0	0.1	0.2
12th Grade	75.6	0.9	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.6	2.4	2.6	5.3	6.0	3.8	1.7

PPR2: Age of Initiation of Methamphetamine Use

Q14a: How old were you when you first used methamphetamines?

Initiation of Methamphetamine Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	99.1	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	98.8	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2
Female	99.6	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.3	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.1	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	98.9	0.4	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2

PPR2: Age of Initiation of Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15a: How old were you when you first used other illegal drugs?

Initiation of Other Illegal Drug Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	98.4	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1
Male	97.9	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.4	0.0	0.1	0.3
Female	99.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0
8th Grade	99.2	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	98.6	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	97.1	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.4	0.4	0.6	0.0	0.4	0.4

PPR2: Past 30-Day Substance Use and High-Frequency Use

Past 30-day use was defined as using a substance at least once in the past 30 days. Students who reported lifetime use of a substance were asked to report the number of times they used in the past 30 days.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no past 30-day substance use (the “0 days” column) and the proportion of students who reported each frequency of use, shown by gender and grade level.

The first bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported any past 30-day use of each substance, shown by gender and grade level. The second bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported high-frequency use, out of students who reported past 30-day use. High-frequency use is defined as having used on six or more days. High-frequency use bars can be interpreted as, “of those students who used [substance] in the past 30 days, [x]% used with high-frequency (i.e., on six or more days).” On the bar graphs, each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR2: Past 30-Day Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Prescription Drug Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.7	0.9	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.5
Male	97.5	0.8	0.6	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.6
Female	97.9	1.0	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.5
8th Grade	97.3	1.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.5
10th Grade	97.9	0.9	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.4
12th Grade	97.8	0.4	0.4	0.0	0.4	0.2	0.8

Q7A_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription stimulants?

Prescription Stimulant Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.1	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.3
Male	98.8	0.3	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.4
Female	99.5	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2
8th Grade	99.5	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.0	0.4	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.4
12th Grade	98.7	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.4	0.2	0.4

Q7B_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription pain medications?

Prescription Pain Medication Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.0	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.2
Male	99.1	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.3
Female	99.0	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.2
8th Grade	99.0	0.4	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1
10th Grade	99.2	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.3
12th Grade	98.8	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.4	0.2	0.3

PPR2: Past 30-Day Alcohol Use

Q5b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Alcohol Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	90.9	5.5	1.5	0.7	0.4	0.1	0.9
Male	90.6	5.3	1.2	1.0	0.5	0.1	1.1
Female	91.3	5.6	1.9	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.5
8th Grade	95.5	3.1	0.6	0.1	0.3	0.0	0.4
10th Grade	90.5	5.8	1.5	0.9	0.3	0.3	0.7
12th Grade	86.3	7.8	2.6	1.0	0.8	0.0	1.6

PPR2: Past 30-Day Binge Drinking

Q6b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have five or more drinks on the same occasion?

Binge Drinking in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	96.3	1.8	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.6
Male	95.8	1.7	0.7	0.6	0.4	0.1	0.8
Female	96.8	1.9	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.4
8th Grade	98.7	0.7	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2
10th Grade	95.3	2.5	0.7	0.6	0.3	0.2	0.4
12th Grade	94.6	2.2	1.1	0.4	0.4	0.0	1.2

PPR2: Past 30-Day Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use over-the-counter drugs?

Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.3	0.8	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.5
Male	97.1	0.8	0.5	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.7
Female	97.6	0.8	0.6	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.2
8th Grade	97.4	1.0	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.1	0.3
10th Grade	97.6	0.9	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.0	0.3
12th Grade	96.8	0.6	0.8	0.4	0.2	0.4	0.8

PPR2: Past 30-Day Cigarette Use

Q9b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke part or all of a cigarette?

Cigarette Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	96.2	1.6	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.9
Male	95.7	1.9	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.4	1.0
Female	96.8	1.4	0.3	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.8
8th Grade	97.2	1.6	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.3
10th Grade	96.5	1.7	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.4	0.9
12th Grade	94.7	1.6	0.8	0.6	0.4	0.4	1.6

PPR2: Past 30-Day Use of a Vaping Device

Note: For past 30-day use of a vaping device with marijuana, please see the Marijuana section below.

Q10b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use a vaping device with nicotine?

Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	85.8	2.7	1.5	0.7	1.6	0.9	7.0
Male	87.0	2.3	1.0	0.7	1.8	0.5	6.8
Female	84.6	3.1	2.0	0.6	1.3	1.2	7.2
8th Grade	90.9	3.2	1.2	0.4	1.2	0.3	2.8
10th Grade	85.6	2.3	2.0	0.8	1.4	1.2	6.7
12th Grade	80.2	2.5	1.1	0.8	2.2	1.2	12.1

Q11b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use a vaping device with flavoring only?

Use of a Vaping Device with Flavoring Only in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	94.7	1.2	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.4	2.0
Male	95.4	1.0	0.7	0.3	0.6	0.1	1.8
Female	94.0	1.3	0.5	0.7	0.6	0.7	2.3
8th Grade	95.3	1.7	0.7	0.6	0.3	0.3	1.1
10th Grade	94.1	1.0	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.5	2.1
12th Grade	94.8	0.8	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.4	3.1

Created Variable: Any past 30-day use of a vaping device (with nicotine, flavoring, and/or marijuana)

PPR2: Past 30-Day Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use smokeless tobacco?

Smokeless Tobacco Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.7	0.9	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.6
Male	96.2	1.4	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.2	1.1
Female	99.3	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	98.6	0.6	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.3
10th Grade	97.7	0.8	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.5
12th Grade	96.5	1.4	0.0	0.2	0.4	0.4	1.1

PPR2: Past 30-Day Marijuana Use

Q13b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use marijuana?

Marijuana Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	91.6	2.8	1.1	0.9	1.1	1.0	1.6
Male	91.5	2.7	0.8	0.6	1.4	1.2	1.8
Female	91.8	2.8	1.4	1.2	0.7	0.8	1.3
8th Grade	95.9	1.7	0.9	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.6
10th Grade	92.2	3.2	1.2	0.5	1.0	0.6	1.3
12th Grade	85.9	3.4	1.2	1.9	2.1	2.4	3.1

Q13A_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you vape marijuana?

Marijuana Vaping in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	93.6	1.8	1.2	0.7	0.7	0.8	1.2
Male	93.8	1.6	0.7	0.9	0.7	0.9	1.4
Female	93.4	2.1	1.8	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.8
8th Grade	97.1	1.2	0.7	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.3
10th Grade	93.8	2.1	1.3	0.8	0.7	0.3	1.0
12th Grade	89.3	2.2	1.7	1.4	1.0	2.2	2.2

Q13B_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke marijuana?

Marijuana Smoking in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	94.7	1.5	0.6	0.6	0.9	0.6	1.1
Male	95.3	1.4	0.1	0.2	0.8	0.7	1.6
Female	94.3	1.6	1.2	0.9	1.0	0.4	0.6
8th Grade	97.4	1.1	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.2
10th Grade	95.2	1.9	0.4	0.5	0.7	0.6	0.8
12th Grade	91.1	1.5	1.1	1.0	1.8	1.0	2.5

Q13C_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use marijuana or TCH edibles?

Marijuana or THC Edible Consumption in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.0	1.3	0.6	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.6
Male	97.2	0.8	0.7	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.7
Female	96.9	1.9	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4
8th Grade	98.4	0.6	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.3
10th Grade	97.2	1.3	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.5
12th Grade	95.1	2.2	1.0	0.0	0.2	0.4	1.1

PPR2: Past 30-Day Methamphetamine Use

Q14b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use methamphetamines?

Methamphetamine Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.6	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3
Male	99.4	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3
Female	99.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
8th Grade	99.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.7	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	99.4	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.4

PPR2: Past 30-Day Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use cocaine (crack, etc.)?

Cocaine Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.8	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Male	99.9	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Female	99.8	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.7	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.8	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Q15c: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use inhalants (glue, gas, etc.)?

Inhalant Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.7	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.7	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Female	99.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
8th Grade	99.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.7	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	99.6	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2

Q15d: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use hallucinogens (PCP, LSD, etc.)?

Hallucinogen Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.6	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.4	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Female	99.8	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
8th Grade	99.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.6	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.2	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2

Q17h: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use heroin (opiates, etc.)?

Heroin Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.8	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.9	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Female	99.7	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.8	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	99.6	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2

Q15f: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use steroids?

Steroid Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
Male	99.7	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
Female	99.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
8th Grade	99.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.6	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.3
12th Grade	99.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2

Q15g: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use ecstasy (MDMA, Molly)?

Ecstasy Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.7	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
Male	99.8	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Female	99.6	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2
8th Grade	99.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.6	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	99.6	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2

PPR2: Perceived Access to Substances

Access to each substance was defined using students’ responses to the question, “How easy is it to get…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “Very easy” to “Very difficult.” If they did not know, they could select “Don’t know.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“Very easy,” “Fairly easy,” “Fairly difficult,” and “Very difficult”), shown by gender and grade level. Students who responded “Don’t know” were excluded from these proportion calculations.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that it was either “Fairly difficult” or “Very difficult” to obtain each substance, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR2: Access to Prescription Drugs

Q16e. How easy is it to get prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Perceived Access to Prescription Drugs, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	18.9	16.8	19.5	44.7
Male	18.6	15.3	20.6	45.5
Female	19.0	18.2	18.6	44.2
8th Grade	17.8	15.8	16.0	50.4
10th Grade	20.4	15.4	18.4	45.8
12th Grade	18.4	19.1	23.7	38.8

PPR2: Access to Alcohol

Q16a. How easy is it to get alcohol (beer, coolers, liquor, etc.)?

Perceived Access to Alcohol, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	26.3	31.5	17.7	24.6
Male	26.4	29.5	18.0	26.2
Female	26.1	33.4	17.4	23.2
8th Grade	19.5	28.1	19.2	33.2
10th Grade	26.3	32.7	16.8	24.2
12th Grade	31.5	32.9	17.3	18.3

PPR2: Access to Tobacco Products

Q16b. How easy is it to get tobacco products (cigarettes, dip, etc.)?

Perceived Access to Tobacco Products, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	25.4	27.1	16.6	30.9
Male	29.0	23.8	16.2	31.0
Female	21.9	30.3	17.1	30.7
8th Grade	17.7	22.0	19.0	41.3
10th Grade	23.7	29.0	16.7	30.6
12th Grade	33.2	29.4	14.6	22.7

PPR2: Access to Vaping Devices

Q16c. How easy is it to get vaping devices (JUULs, vape pens, e-cigarettes)?

Perceived Access to Vaping Devices, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	37.3	27.1	11.4	24.1
Male	38.9	24.4	11.7	24.9
Female	35.8	29.7	11.1	23.4
8th Grade	27.2	23.3	14.7	34.8
10th Grade	37.8	26.3	12.5	23.4
12th Grade	44.9	30.9	7.8	16.4

PPR2: Access to Marijuana

Q16d. How easy is it to get marijuana (e.g., pot, hash, edibles)?

Perceived Access to Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	24.7	22.1	13.6	39.6
Male	27.0	21.8	11.8	39.4
Female	22.5	22.6	15.2	39.7
8th Grade	11.9	14.1	14.0	59.9
10th Grade	24.3	22.7	13.9	39.1
12th Grade	34.7	27.7	12.9	24.7

PPR2: Sources for Obtaining Substances

Sources for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 30 days, if you used… in which ways (if any) did you get…?” This question was asked for prescription drugs, alcohol, marijuana/THC, and vaping devices/substances. Students who reported past 30-day use were asked to select all of their sources. If a student did not use in the past 30 days, they were not asked to report sources and they are not included in these calculations.

The bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students who reported each source, provided that they responded to the question. Therefore, each data point can be interpreted as, “the percent of students who obtained substances from each source out of those who reported at least one source.” The number of students who selected at least one source is included in the title of the graph. Students could select multiple sources, so percentages in the plots will not sum to 100 percent. Demographic breakdowns are not included for individual sources due to small sample sizes.

PPR2: Sources for Obtaining Prescription Drugs

Q19. During the past 30 days, if you used prescription drugs to get high, how did you get the drugs? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR2: Sources for Obtaining Alcohol

Q17. During the past 30 days, if you used alcohol, in which ways (if any) did you get alcohol? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR2: Sources for Obtaining Marijuana/THC

Q20. During the past 30 days, if you used marijuana/THC (through smoking, vaping, edibles, Delta-8, or any other way), how did you get it? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR2: Sources for Obtaining Vaping Devices and Substances

Q21. During the past 30 days, if you vaped, how did you get your vaping devices and substances? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR2: Students’ Ability to Purchase Alcohol

Students’ ability to purchase alcohol was assessed with a question asking if they were asked to show proof of age if they attempted to buy.

The bar graph displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who were asked to show proof of age out of those who reported attempting to buy. Each data point can be interpreted as, “the percent of students who were asked to show proof of age of those who reported attempting to buy alcohol in the past 30 days.” The number of students who responded to this question is included in the title of the graph. Demographic breakdowns are not included for this question due to small sample sizes.

Q18. If you bought or tried to buy alcohol yourself during the past 30 days, were you ever asked to show proof of age?

PPR2: Riding with Impaired Drivers

Riding with impaired drivers was defined as riding in a car with someone under the influence of each substance. Students who reported ever having ridden in a car with an impaired driver were asked to report the number of times they had done so in the past 30 days.

The first bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported ever riding in a car with an impaired driver (lifetime), shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no past 30-day substance use (the “0 times” column) and the proportion of students who reported each frequency, shown by gender and grade level.

The final bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported riding with an impaired driver in the past 30 days one or more times, shown by gender and grade level.

PPR2: Lifetime Riding with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver

Q22b. Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was taking or was under the influence of prescription drugs?

PPR2: Past 30-Day Riding with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23b. During the past 30 days, how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who was taking or was under the influence of prescription drugs?

Rode with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver (past 30 days), by Gender and Grade

	0 times	1 time	2 or 3 times	4 or 5 times	6 or more times
Overall	95.0	1.5	1.2	0.5	1.8
Male	95.6	1.0	1.1	0.5	1.8
Female	94.4	2.0	1.3	0.5	1.8
8th Grade	95.3	1.5	1.3	0.2	1.8
10th Grade	95.4	1.5	0.8	0.4	1.9
12th Grade	94.2	1.6	1.5	0.9	1.7

PPR2: Lifetime Riding with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23a. Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was intoxicated by alcohol or drugs?

PPR2: Past 30-Day Riding with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23a. During the past 30 days, how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who was intoxicated by alcohol or drugs?

Rode with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver (past 30 days), by Gender and Grade

	0 times	1 time	2 or 3 times	4 or 5 times	6 or more times
Overall	88.8	3.8	3.8	0.7	2.9
Male	89.8	3.3	2.9	0.9	3.1
Female	87.8	4.4	4.7	0.5	2.7
8th Grade	91.2	3.7	2.6	0.6	1.9
10th Grade	89.1	3.3	3.3	1.0	3.3
12th Grade	85.6	4.5	5.8	0.5	3.6

PPR2: Friends’ Substance Use

Friends’ substance use was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have [used each substance]?”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that none of their closest friends had used (the “0 friends” column) and the proportion of students who reported each number of friends who used, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that at least one or more of their closest friends had used each substance, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR2: Friends’ Prescription Drug Misuse

Q24c. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used prescription drugs not prescribed to them?

Friends’ Prescription Drug Misuse (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	91.0	4.9	1.6	0.7	1.9
Male	92.2	4.0	1.1	0.6	2.1
Female	89.7	5.8	2.2	0.7	1.6
8th Grade	93.8	3.7	1.0	0.3	1.2
10th Grade	91.0	4.4	1.7	0.8	2.1
12th Grade	87.6	6.8	2.2	0.9	2.5

PPR2: Friends’ Alcohol Use

Q24a. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Friends’ Alcohol Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	66.2	12.3	7.2	3.7	10.6
Male	71.4	10.3	5.2	2.9	10.2
Female	60.9	14.4	9.2	4.4	11.0
8th Grade	77.3	11.2	5.1	1.8	4.6
10th Grade	66.3	11.2	6.9	3.7	11.9
12th Grade	53.0	15.1	10.0	5.8	16.2

Q25b. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have had 5 or more drinks on the same occasion?

Friends’ Binge Drinking (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	78.6	7.8	3.8	2.2	7.6
Male	81.1	6.8	3.2	1.4	7.5
Female	76.1	8.9	4.3	3.2	7.6
8th Grade	90.6	4.4	1.7	0.9	2.3
10th Grade	78.2	7.7	3.9	2.5	7.7
12th Grade	65.0	11.9	6.0	3.6	13.5

PPR2: Friends’ Tobacco Use

Q24d. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have smoked part or all of a cigarette?

Friends’ Cigarette Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	81.9	8.2	4.2	1.5	4.3
Male	84.1	6.7	3.3	1.2	4.6
Female	79.6	9.7	5.2	1.7	3.8
8th Grade	86.3	6.4	2.9	1.1	3.2
10th Grade	80.6	8.9	3.6	1.6	5.3
12th Grade	78.2	9.4	6.5	1.7	4.2

PPR2: Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device

Note: Please see the next section (Friends’ Marijuana Use) for friends’ use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q24e. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used a vaping device with nicotine?

Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	61.1	11.1	7.7	4.5	15.6
Male	67.4	9.9	5.9	3.3	13.5
Female	54.7	12.4	9.6	5.7	17.6
8th Grade	69.3	11.4	5.8	3.2	10.3
10th Grade	60.7	11.2	6.5	4.4	17.3
12th Grade	52.1	10.8	11.3	6.1	19.7

PPR2: Friends’ Marijuana Use

Q24f. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used a vaping device with marijuana?

Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	76.3	8.0	5.2	2.6	8.0
Male	80.8	6.1	3.5	1.8	7.7
Female	71.7	10.0	6.9	3.4	8.1
8th Grade	85.9	5.4	3.2	1.0	4.5
10th Grade	75.9	6.8	6.1	2.4	8.7
12th Grade	65.4	12.4	6.4	4.7	11.1

Q24g. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used marijuana or hashish some other way?

Friends’ Marijuana Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	78.5	7.9	4.0	2.5	7.0
Male	80.8	6.6	3.4	2.5	6.8
Female	76.3	9.3	4.7	2.5	7.2
8th Grade	89.1	5.2	1.5	1.3	2.9
10th Grade	78.0	7.7	4.1	3.1	7.2
12th Grade	66.8	11.3	6.9	3.3	11.7

PPR2: Parent, Peer, and Personal Disapproval of Alcohol and Other Drug Use

Parent, peer, and personal disapproval for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to…”, “How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to…”, and “How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “Not at all wrong” to “Very wrong.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“Not at all wrong,” “A little bit wrong,” “Wrong,” and “Very wrong”), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that it was either “Wrong” or “Very wrong,” shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR2: Parent Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q25g. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Parent Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.2	1.8	6.7	90.3
Male	1.5	1.3	6.8	90.3
Female	0.9	2.2	6.5	90.4
8th Grade	0.9	1.6	6.1	91.4
10th Grade	1.8	1.7	6.2	90.3
12th Grade	0.9	2.1	7.9	89.1

PPR2: Parent Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q26a. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to drink alcohol?

Parent Disapproval of Drinking Alcohol, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	4.7	13.8	18.7	62.8
Male	4.7	13.0	16.8	65.4
Female	4.6	14.6	20.6	60.2
8th Grade	2.6	8.7	16.2	72.4
10th Grade	5.6	13.5	18.2	62.8
12th Grade	6.1	20.3	22.1	51.5

Q26b. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Parent Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.5	3.1	12.2	83.3
Male	1.8	3.0	11.9	83.3
Female	1.1	3.1	12.5	83.3
8th Grade	0.9	1.9	7.5	89.7
10th Grade	2.4	2.6	12.0	83.1
12th Grade	1.2	5.0	18.0	75.8

PPR2: Parent Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q26c. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to smoke tobacco?

Parent Disapproval of Smoking Tobacco, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.3	4.1	12.3	81.3
Male	2.5	5.3	11.7	80.5
Female	2.0	2.9	12.9	82.2
8th Grade	0.9	2.2	8.0	88.9
10th Grade	3.4	3.3	11.9	81.3
12th Grade	2.7	7.3	17.7	72.3

PPR2: Parent Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Parent Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for parental disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q25d. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Parent Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	3.2	5.9	13.3	77.6
Male	3.2	5.8	10.6	80.4
Female	3.1	5.9	16.1	74.9
8th Grade	1.6	3.8	9.7	84.9
10th Grade	3.6	6.6	12.2	77.6
12th Grade	4.6	7.5	18.9	69.1

PPR2: Parent Disapproval of Marijuana

Q25e. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Parent Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.6	4.3	9.5	83.6
Male	2.8	3.6	9.4	84.1
Female	2.2	5.1	9.7	83.0
8th Grade	1.3	2.3	5.2	91.3
10th Grade	3.4	4.8	9.2	82.6
12th Grade	3.1	6.3	15.1	75.4

Q26g. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to smoke marijuana?

Parent Disapproval of Smoking Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	3.1	5.1	9.7	82.1
Male	2.9	5.0	9.9	82.2
Female	3.2	5.3	9.4	82.0
8th Grade	1.5	2.3	5.7	90.5
10th Grade	3.8	6.1	9.2	80.9
12th Grade	4.2	7.4	14.9	73.5

PPR2: Peer Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q26g. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Peer Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	7.0	7.1	17.3	68.6
Male	8.1	5.7	18.4	67.8
Female	5.9	8.5	16.1	69.5
8th Grade	5.2	6.4	16.2	72.3
10th Grade	8.0	6.6	18.8	66.6
12th Grade	8.0	8.6	16.8	66.6

PPR2: Peer Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q27a. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to drink alcohol?

Peer Disapproval of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	20.3	18.1	19.8	41.8
Male	19.3	15.5	21.0	44.2
Female	21.3	20.7	18.7	39.4
8th Grade	10.8	15.8	23.4	50.0
10th Grade	21.2	17.1	20.4	41.3
12th Grade	30.4	21.8	15.0	32.8

Q26b. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Peer Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	11.2	12.1	21.5	55.2
Male	12.5	10.6	21.1	55.9
Female	9.9	13.7	21.9	54.5
8th Grade	6.6	7.7	21.9	63.7
10th Grade	11.9	10.9	22.1	55.1
12th Grade	16.0	18.7	20.2	45.2

PPR2: Peer Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q26c. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to smoke tobacco?

Peer Disapproval of Tobacco Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	12.7	11.3	21.8	54.2
Male	14.4	9.2	21.6	54.8
Female	10.9	13.4	22.1	53.6
8th Grade	6.9	8.9	21.2	63.0
10th Grade	14.4	10.5	23.2	51.9
12th Grade	17.6	15.0	20.9	46.5

PPR2: Peer Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for peer disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q26d. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Peer Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	21.3	14.2	17.6	47.0
Male	19.6	10.8	19.6	50.0
Female	23.0	17.7	15.5	43.8
8th Grade	12.4	12.4	19.6	55.6
10th Grade	22.2	14.2	18.8	44.7
12th Grade	30.7	16.2	13.7	39.4

PPR2: Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use

Q26e. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Peer Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	16.3	11.3	18.3	54.1
Male	15.7	8.8	19.5	56.1
Female	16.8	13.9	17.3	52.1
8th Grade	8.2	8.3	17.8	65.8
10th Grade	18.2	10.1	20.6	51.1
12th Grade	23.5	16.2	16.5	43.9

Q26f. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to smoke marijuana?

Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	16.8	11.2	17.3	54.7
Male	16.2	9.0	18.1	56.8
Female	17.3	13.6	16.5	52.6
8th Grade	7.9	8.0	16.6	67.5
10th Grade	19.1	10.7	19.5	50.7
12th Grade	24.6	15.7	15.5	44.3

PPR2: Personal Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q27g. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use prescription drugs not prescribed them?

Personal Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.5	4.2	13.7	79.6
Male	2.9	3.6	13.0	80.5
Female	2.0	4.8	14.5	78.7
8th Grade	2.5	3.6	12.1	81.7
10th Grade	3.1	4.1	14.1	78.7
12th Grade	1.6	5.1	15.2	78.1

PPR2: Personal Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q27a. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to drink alcohol?

Personal Disapproval of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	8.4	16.7	21.5	53.4
Male	8.0	13.7	20.1	58.3
Female	8.8	19.9	23.0	48.3
8th Grade	3.9	9.6	21.3	65.2
10th Grade	9.1	16.6	21.0	53.3
12th Grade	13.0	25.4	22.3	39.2

Q27b. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Personal Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	4.1	6.9	17.8	71.2
Male	4.5	6.4	15.2	73.9
Female	3.6	7.5	20.5	68.4
8th Grade	2.8	4.0	14.4	78.8
10th Grade	4.4	7.1	17.5	71.1
12th Grade	5.4	10.2	22.2	62.2

PPR2: Personal Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q28b. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to smoke tobacco?

Personal Disapproval of Tobacco Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	5.5	8.8	19.3	66.3
Male	6.3	7.2	17.5	69.1
Female	4.6	10.6	21.3	63.5
8th Grade	2.9	4.4	16.5	76.2
10th Grade	6.4	9.4	18.9	65.3
12th Grade	7.7	13.5	23.2	55.6

PPR2: Personal Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for personal disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q27d. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Personal Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	8.1	12.8	18.9	60.2
Male	7.2	9.9	16.9	65.9
Female	8.9	15.8	21.0	54.3
8th Grade	4.6	8.8	17.2	69.4
10th Grade	8.4	14.2	18.9	58.5
12th Grade	12.0	15.9	21.0	51.0

PPR2: Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use

Q27e. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Personal Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	7.8	8.9	17.6	65.6
Male	7.1	7.1	16.3	69.6
Female	8.5	10.9	19.0	61.6
8th Grade	3.7	5.1	13.6	77.5
10th Grade	8.3	9.1	17.3	65.3
12th Grade	12.2	13.4	22.6	51.8

Q27f. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use marijuana (some other way)?

Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	8.5	9.5	16.1	65.9
Male	8.2	8.1	14.6	69.1
Female	8.7	10.8	17.7	62.7
8th Grade	3.8	5.5	12.9	77.8
10th Grade	8.6	9.3	16.9	65.2
12th Grade	14.0	14.5	19.1	52.5

PPR2: Perception of Risk

Perception of risk for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “No risk” to “Great risk.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“No risk,” “Slight risk,” “Moderate risk,” and “Great risk”), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported either “Moderate risk” or “Great risk,” shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR2: Perceived Risk of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q28h. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use prescription drugs that are not prescribed to them?

Perceived Risk of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	7.2	5.9	13.1	73.7
Male	8.2	6.0	13.5	72.3
Female	6.2	5.7	12.8	75.3
8th Grade	6.9	6.8	12.9	73.5
10th Grade	7.4	6.7	12.1	73.7
12th Grade	7.5	3.9	14.5	74.1

PPR2: Perceived Risk of Alcohol Use

Q28a. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they drink alcohol?

Perceived Risk of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	8.9	22.3	31.5	37.3
Male	10.5	19.6	30.8	39.1
Female	7.1	25.2	32.1	35.6
8th Grade	8.6	20.3	30.6	40.4
10th Grade	8.6	22.1	30.4	38.9
12th Grade	9.6	24.8	33.6	32.0

Q28b. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they have five or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage (beer, wine, liquor) once or twice a week?

Perceived Risk of Regular Binge Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	7.3	8.7	22.2	61.8
Male	8.7	8.9	21.1	61.3
Female	5.8	8.5	23.3	62.5
8th Grade	7.4	8.6	21.3	62.7
10th Grade	7.4	8.2	22.7	61.7
12th Grade	7.0	9.2	22.8	61.1

PPR2: Perceived Risk of Tobacco Use

Q28c. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they smoke one or more packs of cigarettes a day?

Perceived Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes a Day, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	8.0	7.5	17.0	67.5
Male	8.8	7.6	18.6	65.0
Female	7.1	7.4	15.4	70.1
8th Grade	7.6	6.8	15.5	70.1
10th Grade	8.6	7.0	18.3	66.1
12th Grade	7.8	8.9	17.4	65.9

PPR2: Perceived Risk of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Perceived Risk of Marijuana Use) for perceived risk of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q28d. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use a vaping device with nicotine?

Perceived Risk of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	10.2	17.5	25.5	46.8
Male	11.2	15.8	24.7	48.3
Female	9.1	19.4	26.4	45.2
8th Grade	8.9	15.7	22.4	53.0
10th Grade	11.1	17.3	26.0	45.6
12th Grade	10.8	19.8	28.6	40.8

PPR2: Perceived Risk of Marijuana Use

Q28e. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use a vaping device with marijuana?

Perceived Risk of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	10.6	15.6	22.4	51.5
Male	11.4	15.3	21.9	51.5
Female	9.6	15.9	23.0	51.6
8th Grade	8.6	10.4	18.1	62.8
10th Grade	11.3	15.9	23.3	49.5
12th Grade	12.0	21.2	26.4	40.4

Q28f. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they try marijuana once or twice?

Perceived Risk of Trying Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	21.5	19.7	17.8	41.0
Male	22.9	17.9	17.1	42.0
Female	19.8	21.6	18.5	40.0
8th Grade	13.9	17.5	17.3	51.3
10th Grade	21.3	21.7	17.9	39.0
12th Grade	30.6	20.0	18.2	31.2

Q28g. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they smoke marijuana once or twice a week?

Perceived Risk of Regular Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	14.3	15.9	20.8	49.0
Male	15.6	14.8	20.0	49.6
Female	12.8	17.0	21.8	48.4
8th Grade	10.2	10.0	19.4	60.4
10th Grade	13.9	16.8	22.6	46.7
12th Grade	19.6	21.7	20.5	38.2

PPR2: Psychological Distress

Psychological distress was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-6). This six-item scale asked students how often they have had six different feelings in the past 30 days.

The first six tables display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each likert response option (“None of the time”, “A little of the time”, Some of the time”, “Most of the time”, “All of the time”), for each of the scale items, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graph displays the weighted average scale score, shown by gender and grade level. Scale scores were calculated by adding up each respondent’s responses to the six items where a response of “None of the time” was 0 points; “A little of the time” 1 point; “Some of the time” 2 points; “Most of the time” 3 points; and “All of the time” 4 points. For example, if a student reported feeling each of the six feelings “All of the time” s/he would have a K-6 scale score of 24. Therefore, higher scores on this scale indicate greater psychological distress. Each bar in the bar graph also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

The final table in the section displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) for each level of psychological distress (low, moderate, and high). Research has shown that psychological distress scale scores of low (0-7 points), moderate (8-12 points), or high (13-24 points) are correlated with low, moderate, or high probabilities of mental health disorders such as mood and anxiety disorders and suicide ideation, for example.

PPR2: Feeling Nervous

Q29a. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt nervous?

Feeling Nervous in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	26.0	18.3	24.3	16.2	15.2
Male	36.8	21.6	22.9	9.8	8.9
Female	14.9	15.1	25.7	22.7	21.7
8th Grade	27.2	21.0	23.4	15.2	13.3
10th Grade	28.1	15.8	24.3	16.2	15.6
12th Grade	22.1	18.1	25.2	17.4	17.2

PPR2: Feeling Hopeless

Q29b. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt hopeless?

Feeling Hopeless in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	49.2	16.5	16.5	9.1	8.8
Male	59.9	14.4	12.1	6.8	6.7
Female	38.2	18.7	21.0	11.3	10.8
8th Grade	52.1	16.0	15.1	8.2	8.6
10th Grade	50.7	14.4	14.9	9.0	11.0
12th Grade	43.9	19.5	19.9	10.1	6.5

PPR2: Feeling Restless or Fidgety

Q29c. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt restless or fidgety?

Feeling Restless or Fidgety in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	34.7	14.9	16.6	15.9	17.9
Male	46.1	15.6	15.0	11.2	12.1
Female	23.1	14.1	18.3	20.7	23.8
8th Grade	39.7	13.8	13.4	15.7	17.5
10th Grade	34.9	14.5	15.1	16.6	18.9
12th Grade	28.7	16.5	22.1	15.4	17.4

PPR2: Feeling Depressed

Q29d. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt so depressed that nothing could cheer you up?

Feeling So Depressed that Nothing Could Cheer You Up in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	56.3	16.4	13.2	6.6	7.4
Male	66.4	14.0	10.1	4.6	5.0
Female	46.1	18.9	16.5	8.7	9.8
8th Grade	60.7	14.9	11.3	6.9	6.2
10th Grade	58.1	12.8	12.7	7.2	9.4
12th Grade	49.0	22.4	16.2	5.7	6.7

PPR2: Feeling That Everything Was an Effort

Q29e. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt that everything was an effort?

Feeling That Everything Was an Effort in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	42.5	17.2	17.1	10.9	12.3
Male	52.3	17.0	14.5	8.0	8.1
Female	32.5	17.4	19.7	13.9	16.5
8th Grade	46.5	16.9	14.4	10.6	11.6
10th Grade	43.9	15.2	17.4	9.7	13.9
12th Grade	36.1	19.7	19.9	12.8	11.5

PPR2: Feeling Worthless

Q29f. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt worthless?

Feeling Worthless in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	54.9	13.4	11.8	8.3	11.4
Male	65.7	10.6	9.2	6.2	8.3
Female	44.0	16.3	14.5	10.6	14.5
8th Grade	56.9	13.7	9.7	8.1	11.6
10th Grade	55.6	11.9	11.4	7.7	13.4
12th Grade	51.8	14.8	14.9	9.4	9.1

PPR2: K-6 Average Scale Score

PPR2: K-6 Levels of Pyschological Distress

Level of Psychological Distress, by Gender and Grade

	Low	Moderate	High
Overall	55.3	19.1	25.6
Male	67.5	15.9	16.5
Female	43.0	22.4	34.7
8th Grade	59.3	16.2	24.5
10th Grade	55.5	18.5	26.0
12th Grade	50.2	23.3	26.5

PPR2: Suicide Ideation

Suicide ideation was measured using students’ responses to two questions: (Q30) “In the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?” and (Q31) “In the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?”

The bar graphs for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who responded “Yes”, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

Q30. In the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?

Q31. In the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?

PPR2: Family Communication about Substance Use

Family communication about substance use for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of… [substance use]? By parents, we mean your adult guardians, whether they live with you or not.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no conversations (the “No” column), one conversation (the “Yes” column), and multiple conversations (the “Yes, more than once” column), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported at least one or more conversations, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR2: Family Communication about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q34. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Family Communication about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	61.5	28.4	10.1
Male	64.8	26.8	8.5
Female	58.0	30.1	11.9
8th Grade	60.6	28.6	10.8
10th Grade	60.0	29.5	10.5
12th Grade	64.2	27.0	8.9

PPR2: Family Communication about the Dangers of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug (ATOD) Use

Q32. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of tobacco, alcohol, or drug use?

Family Communication about the Dangers of ATOD Use, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	50.1	35.0	14.9
Male	52.9	33.8	13.3
Female	47.2	36.4	16.4
8th Grade	47.7	35.5	16.8
10th Grade	46.2	38.3	15.5
12th Grade	57.5	30.7	11.8

PPR2: Family Communication about the Dangers of Vaping

Q33. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of vaping?

Family Communication about the Dangers of Vaping, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	52.7	34.7	12.7
Male	55.9	33.0	11.1
Female	49.3	36.4	14.2
8th Grade	49.4	36.7	13.9
10th Grade	48.6	37.7	13.7
12th Grade	61.2	28.8	10.0

PPR2: Exposure to Prevention and Other Messaging

Exposure to prevention messaging was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 12 months, do you recall hearing, reading, or watching an advertisement about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?” Exposure to other messaging was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 12 months, do you recall seeing anything online or on social media encouraging underage drinking, vaping, marijuana, or other drug use?”

The tables for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no exposure (the “No” column), one exposure (the “Yes” column), and multiple exposures (the “Yes, more than once” column), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported at least one or more exposures, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR2: Exposure to Prevention Messaging about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q35. During the past 12 months, do you recall hearing, reading, or watching an advertisement about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Exposure to Prevention Messaging about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	46.5	36.3	17.2
Male	49.9	33.5	16.6
Female	42.9	39.2	17.8
8th Grade	45.4	35.4	19.2
10th Grade	46.8	35.7	17.5
12th Grade	47.3	38.1	14.5

PPR2: Exposure to Online Messaging Encouraging Underage Substance Use

Q36. During the past 12 months, do you recall seeing anything online or on social media encouraging underage drinking, vaping, marijuana, or other drug use?

Exposure to Online Messaging Encouraging Underage Substance Use, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	62.4	23.8	13.7
Male	66.9	20.9	12.3
Female	57.9	27.0	15.2
8th Grade	66.1	21.2	12.7
10th Grade	60.3	24.8	14.9
12th Grade	60.4	26.0	13.6

End of Planning and Policy Region 2 results.

TDMHSAS Behavioral Health Planning and Policy Region 3 (PPR3) Data

PPR3: Participating Counties

Unweighted and Weighted Samples, by County

County	Unweighted Sample (n)	Weighted Sample (n)	Proportion of Weighted Total
Clay	204	1,576	5.3%
Cumberland	702	5,365	17.9%
Fentress	234	1,665	5.6%
Hamilton	744	5,447	18.2%
Jackson	207	1,570	5.2%
Overton	146	1,054	3.5%
Putnam	1,518	11,275	37.7%
Smith	261	1,986	6.6%
Total	4,016	29,938	100.0%

PPR3: Demographic Characteristics of the Unweighted Sample

Percent of Sample, by Race/Ethnicity

Race/Ethnicity	Percent
American Indian/Alaska Native	2.8%
Asian/Pacific Islander	2.3%
Black/African American	8.3%
Hispanic	11.5%
More than one race	6.1%
Other race	2.7%
White	82.3%

Percent of Sample, by Age

Age	Percent
10	0.2%
11	0.0%
12	0.1%
13	17.9%
14	17.7%
15	24.1%
16	15.3%
17	15.6%
18	9.1%

Percent of Sample, by Grade Level

Grade	Percent
8th	37.2%
10th	38.8%
12th	24.0%

Percent of Sample, by Gender

Gender	Percent
Male	49.3%
Female	48.0%
Other	2.7%

Notes: For the race/ethnicity question, students could select multiple options, so the sum of all percentages may exceed 100%.

PPR3: Lifetime Substance Use

Lifetime substance use was defined as using a substance at least once. Students were asked a yes or no question, “Have you ever used…” for each substance.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported any lifetime use of each substance, shown by gender and grade. Each bar in the bar graphs also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR3: Lifetime Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7: Have you ever used prescription drugs not prescribed to you or just to get high? Prescription drugs include drugs that require a doctor’s prescription to purchase or consume like OxyContin, Percocet, Vicodin, Codeine, Adderall, Ritalin, Xanax, Klonopin, Benzos, Valium, Ativan, and Gabapentin. These do not include over-the-counter medicines.

Q7A_1: Have you ever used prescription stimulants not prescribed to you or just to get high? (e.g., Dexadrine, Adderall, Ritalin, or Concerta)

Q7B_1. Have you ever used prescription pain medications not prescribed to you or just to get high? (e.g., Vicodin, Oxycontin, Morphine, or Demerol)

PPR3: Lifetime Alcohol Use

Q5: Have you ever had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage? Alcoholic beverages include beer, wine, wine coolers, malt beverages, and liquor.

Q6: Have you ever had five or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage on the same occasion? Alcoholic beverages include beer, wine, wine coolers, malt beverages, and liquor.

PPR3: Lifetime Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8: Have you ever used over-the-counter drugs to get high or in a way other than directed? (e.g., cough/cold medicines, diet pills, stay-awake pills, or laxatives)

PPR3: Lifetime Cigarette Use

Q9: Have you ever smoked part or all of a cigarette? Cigarettes include menthol cigarettes, regular cigarettes, and loose tobacco rolled in cigarettes. This does not include e-cigarettes.

PPR3: Lifetime Use of a Vaping Device

Note: For lifetime use of a vaping device with marijuana, please see the Marijuana section below.

Q10: Have you ever used a vaping device with nicotine? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Q11: Have you ever used a vaping device with flavoring only? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Created Variable: Any lifetime vaping (including nicotine, flavoring, and/or marijuana)

PPR3: Lifetime Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12: Have you ever used smokeless tobacco? Smokeless tobacco can be known as chewing tobacco, spit tobacco, chew, snuff, pinch, or dip.

PPR3: Lifetime Marijuana Use

Q13: Have you ever used marijuana or hashish? Marijuana or hashish can be known as grass, pot, weed, hash, hash oil, or edibles.

Q13A_1. Have you ever vaped marijuana? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Q13B_1. Have you ever smoked marijuana?

Q13C. Have you ever eaten marijuana or THC edibles? Marijuana and THC edibles include Delta-8 and other edible marijuana.

PPR3: Lifetime Methamphetamine Use

Q14: Have you ever used methamphetamines? Methamphetamines can be known as crank, meth, blue, ice, or crystal.

PPR3: Lifetime Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15: Have you ever used any other illegal drugs? Other illegal drugs include substances like crack or powder cocaine, heroin, inhalants, barbiturates, steroids, etc.

PPR3: Age of Initiation of Substances

Age of initiation was defined as the age at which a student first used a given substance. Students who reported lifetime use were asked, “How old were you when you first used…” for each substance. Tables and bar graphs are only displayed in this section if there were students who reported lifetime use of a given substance.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no substance initiation (the “Never” column) and the percent of students who reported initiation at each age, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the weighted average age of initiation, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar in the bar graphs also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR3: Age of Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7a: How old were you when you first used prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	95.0	0.7	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.6	0.6	0.8	1.0	0.4	0.1	0.2
Male	94.8	1.1	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.5	0.3	0.7	0.9	0.6	0.3	0.1
Female	95.3	0.3	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.6	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.2	0.0	0.2
8th Grade	95.4	1.0	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.9	1.0	0.6	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	94.9	0.6	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.8	1.8	0.4	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	94.6	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.3	0.6	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.4	0.2

PPR3: Age of Initiation of Alcohol Use

Q5a: How old were you when you first had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Initiation of Alcohol Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	68.5	2.8	1.1	1.2	1.7	3.2	4.6	5.0	4.8	3.9	2.1	0.9
Male	70.4	3.7	0.9	1.3	1.5	2.5	4.1	4.1	4.5	3.8	2.1	1.0
Female	66.6	1.9	1.3	1.2	1.9	3.9	5.2	5.9	5.1	4.1	2.0	0.9
8th Grade	80.0	3.2	1.4	1.5	2.1	4.2	5.6	1.6	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	68.9	2.6	1.2	1.6	1.9	2.9	4.2	7.2	7.5	1.9	0.1	0.1
12th Grade	55.4	2.7	0.8	0.7	1.1	2.3	4.0	6.3	7.1	10.5	6.6	2.7

PPR3: Age of Initiation of Binge Drinking

Q6a: How old were you when you first had five or more drinks on the same occasion?

Initiation of Binge Drinking at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	86.1	0.5	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.6	1.6	2.5	2.6	3.0	1.9	0.6
Male	86.3	0.7	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.2	1.4	2.6	2.6	2.8	2.1	0.7
Female	86.0	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.9	1.9	2.5	2.6	3.2	1.6	0.5
8th Grade	94.8	0.5	0.2	0.4	0.1	1.0	2.0	0.6	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1
10th Grade	87.3	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.5	1.5	4.2	3.9	1.2	0.1	0.1
12th Grade	75.1	0.5	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.2	1.3	2.9	4.0	8.1	5.8	1.8

PPR3: Age of Initiation of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8a: How old were you when you first used over-the-counter drugs?

Initiation of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	94.5	1.5	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.1
Male	94.9	1.5	0.3	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.3	0.3	0.1
Female	94.4	1.4	0.1	0.3	0.6	0.6	0.9	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	95.2	1.3	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.6	1.2	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	94.4	1.4	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.7	1.0	0.9	0.3	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	94.0	1.9	0.0	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.5	0.2

PPR3: Age of Initiation of Cigarette Use

Q9a: How old were you when you first smoked part or all of a cigarette?

Initiation of Cigarette Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	86.9	1.7	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.3	1.8	1.8	1.5	1.2	1.0	0.2
Male	87.1	1.7	1.0	1.0	0.6	1.0	1.8	1.7	1.4	1.4	1.1	0.3
Female	86.8	1.7	0.5	0.8	1.2	1.7	1.8	1.9	1.6	1.0	0.9	0.1
8th Grade	91.7	1.7	1.0	0.8	0.8	1.8	1.7	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	88.2	1.0	0.6	1.0	0.8	1.4	1.8	2.5	1.9	0.8	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	80.1	2.5	0.6	0.9	1.1	0.8	1.9	2.6	2.7	3.0	3.2	0.6

PPR3: Age of Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device

Q10a: How old were you when you first used a vaping device with nicotine?

Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	71.0	1.3	0.4	1.1	1.2	3.2	5.3	5.1	4.5	3.2	1.9	1.7
Male	72.3	1.5	0.4	1.0	1.2	2.5	4.5	4.5	4.5	3.3	2.1	2.2
Female	69.8	1.1	0.4	1.2	1.3	4.0	6.1	5.7	4.5	3.2	1.6	1.1
8th Grade	82.9	0.9	0.4	1.7	1.7	3.7	5.3	2.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	1.1
10th Grade	71.4	1.2	0.5	1.0	1.4	2.9	5.3	5.9	6.9	2.0	0.1	1.5
12th Grade	57.6	2.0	0.2	0.6	0.6	3.1	5.2	7.6	6.7	8.2	5.7	2.6

Q11a: How old were you when you first used a vaping device with flavoring only?

Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device with Flavoring Only at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	84.6	0.4	0.4	0.8	0.6	1.9	2.8	2.9	2.5	1.6	1.1	0.3
Male	87.2	0.5	0.4	0.7	0.5	1.1	2.2	2.3	2.0	1.4	1.2	0.4
Female	81.9	0.2	0.5	0.8	0.7	2.7	3.5	3.5	3.1	1.9	1.0	0.1
8th Grade	89.8	0.4	0.7	0.7	1.1	2.6	3.2	1.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	84.7	0.2	0.3	0.8	0.8	1.7	2.8	3.5	3.5	1.4	0.2	0.0
12th Grade	78.7	0.5	0.2	0.8	0.0	1.2	2.4	4.3	4.0	3.7	3.4	0.7

PPR3: Age of Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12a: How old were you when you first used smokeless tobacco?

Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	94.2	0.6	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.6	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.4	0.2
Male	91.8	0.8	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.6	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.2	0.8	0.3
Female	96.9	0.2	0.0	0.3	0.2	0.5	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.2
8th Grade	96.7	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.9	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	95.5	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.8	1.1	0.3	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	90.1	0.7	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.9	1.3	1.2	1.4	2.0	1.4	0.5

PPR3: Age of Initiation of Marijuana Use

Q13a: How old were you when you first used marijuana?

Initiation of Marijuana Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	84.3	0.6	0.2	0.4	0.5	1.4	2.5	2.6	2.8	2.6	1.6	0.4
Male	84.6	1.0	0.2	0.3	0.5	1.3	2.6	1.9	2.4	3.0	1.6	0.5
Female	84.1	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.4	1.6	2.5	3.3	3.1	2.1	1.7	0.2
8th Grade	93.3	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.3	1.5	2.8	1.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	85.3	0.6	0.4	0.5	0.6	1.9	2.0	3.5	3.2	1.8	0.1	0.1
12th Grade	73.2	0.9	0.1	0.6	0.6	0.9	2.8	3.3	5.2	6.4	5.2	1.0

PPR3: Age of Initiation of Methamphetamine Use

Q14a: How old were you when you first used methamphetamines?

Initiation of Methamphetamine Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	98.8	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
Male	98.5	0.7	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0
Female	99.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	99.0	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1
10th Grade	98.9	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	98.4	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0

PPR3: Age of Initiation of Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15a: How old were you when you first used other illegal drugs?

Initiation of Other Illegal Drug Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	97.8	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.0
Male	97.3	0.6	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.5	0.5	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.0
Female	98.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.0
8th Grade	98.4	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	97.7	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.7	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	97.1	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.5	0.2	0.5	0.7	0.4	0.0

PPR3: Past 30-Day Substance Use and High-Frequency Use

Past 30-day use was defined as using a substance at least once in the past 30 days. Students who reported lifetime use of a substance were asked to report the number of times they used in the past 30 days.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no past 30-day substance use (the “0 days” column) and the proportion of students who reported each frequency of use, shown by gender and grade level.

The first bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported any past 30-day use of each substance, shown by gender and grade level. The second bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported high-frequency use, out of students who reported past 30-day use. High-frequency use is defined as having used on six or more days. High-frequency use bars can be interpreted as, “of those students who used [substance] in the past 30 days, [x]% used with high-frequency (i.e., on six or more days).” On the bar graphs, each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR3: Past 30-Day Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Prescription Drug Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	96.8	1.3	0.7	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.5
Male	96.9	1.0	0.7	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.5
Female	96.7	1.7	0.7	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.4
8th Grade	96.8	1.5	0.6	0.5	0.1	0.1	0.4
10th Grade	96.7	1.3	0.9	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.6
12th Grade	96.8	1.2	0.7	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.4

Q7A_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription stimulants?

Prescription Stimulant Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	98.8	0.5	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.3
Male	98.7	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.0	0.5
Female	99.1	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.4	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	98.9	0.5	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	98.2	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.4	0.0	0.6

Q7B_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription pain medications?

Prescription Pain Medication Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	98.3	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.4
Male	98.4	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.5
Female	98.2	0.8	0.4	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.2
8th Grade	98.1	0.8	0.4	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.4
10th Grade	98.3	0.8	0.5	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.4
12th Grade	98.4	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.4

PPR3: Past 30-Day Alcohol Use

Q5b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Alcohol Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	89.4	6.0	1.9	0.7	0.9	0.4	0.7
Male	88.9	6.1	1.9	0.7	1.2	0.4	0.9
Female	90.1	5.9	1.8	0.8	0.7	0.4	0.4
8th Grade	94.5	3.2	1.0	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.7
10th Grade	90.1	5.9	1.8	0.6	0.7	0.1	0.9
12th Grade	83.1	9.2	2.9	1.5	2.1	0.8	0.4

PPR3: Past 30-Day Binge Drinking

Q6b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have five or more drinks on the same occasion?

Binge Drinking in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	94.5	2.8	1.2	0.5	0.5	0.2	0.3
Male	93.9	2.8	1.4	0.6	0.6	0.2	0.4
Female	95.2	2.8	1.0	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.1
8th Grade	98.1	1.0	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1
10th Grade	95.2	2.4	1.0	0.3	0.4	0.1	0.6
12th Grade	89.9	5.1	2.3	1.2	1.0	0.3	0.3

PPR3: Past 30-Day Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use over-the-counter drugs?

Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.2	1.0	0.8	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.2
Male	97.1	1.2	0.7	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.2
Female	97.4	0.7	0.9	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.2
8th Grade	97.3	1.0	0.8	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.3
10th Grade	97.1	1.2	0.8	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.2
12th Grade	97.2	0.7	0.9	0.7	0.4	0.0	0.2

PPR3: Past 30-Day Cigarette Use

Q9b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke part or all of a cigarette?

Cigarette Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	96.2	1.8	0.7	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.6
Male	96.0	2.0	0.7	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.6
Female	96.5	1.6	0.8	0.1	0.3	0.0	0.6
8th Grade	97.4	1.2	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.4
10th Grade	96.3	1.9	0.6	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.6
12th Grade	94.8	2.3	1.0	0.5	0.5	0.0	0.9

PPR3: Past 30-Day Use of a Vaping Device

Note: For past 30-day use of a vaping device with marijuana, please see the Marijuana section below.

Q10b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use a vaping device with nicotine?

Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	86.3	3.0	1.0	0.9	1.4	1.0	6.5
Male	87.5	2.8	1.2	0.8	1.0	0.8	5.9
Female	85.1	3.1	0.8	0.9	1.7	1.2	7.1
8th Grade	92.7	2.9	0.8	0.5	0.6	0.6	2.0
10th Grade	85.9	3.2	1.0	1.2	1.4	1.0	6.2
12th Grade	79.7	2.8	1.3	0.9	2.2	1.4	11.8

Q11b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use a vaping device with flavoring only?

Use of a Vaping Device with Flavoring Only in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	93.9	1.5	0.5	0.7	0.7	0.4	2.2
Male	94.5	1.3	0.6	0.9	0.3	0.5	1.9
Female	93.3	1.8	0.5	0.5	1.1	0.3	2.5
8th Grade	96.8	1.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1	1.0
10th Grade	92.7	2.0	0.4	0.8	0.7	0.9	2.6
12th Grade	91.9	1.3	1.0	1.1	1.2	0.3	3.1

Created Variable: Any past 30-day use of a vaping device (with nicotine, flavoring, and/or marijuana)

PPR3: Past 30-Day Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use smokeless tobacco?

Smokeless Tobacco Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.9	0.8	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.4
Male	96.6	1.2	0.6	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.7
Female	99.2	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	99.1	0.4	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	98.4	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.5
12th Grade	95.9	1.6	0.6	0.2	0.6	0.4	0.7

PPR3: Past 30-Day Marijuana Use

Q13b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use marijuana?

Marijuana Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	90.9	2.9	1.1	0.6	1.3	1.1	2.1
Male	90.6	2.8	1.1	0.5	1.3	1.1	2.6
Female	91.3	3.0	1.1	0.7	1.2	1.1	1.5
8th Grade	95.8	1.3	0.9	0.2	0.8	0.4	0.7
10th Grade	90.5	2.8	1.3	0.8	1.2	1.5	1.9
12th Grade	85.9	4.7	1.1	0.9	1.9	1.6	3.9

Q13A_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you vape marijuana?

Marijuana Vaping in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	93.1	1.8	0.8	0.7	0.8	1.1	1.6
Male	92.7	1.6	0.7	0.6	1.0	1.3	2.1
Female	93.6	2.0	1.0	0.8	0.6	0.9	1.0
8th Grade	97.0	1.0	0.7	0.1	0.3	0.6	0.3
10th Grade	92.9	2.0	1.1	0.8	0.7	1.0	1.6
12th Grade	89.1	2.5	0.8	1.2	1.5	1.9	3.0

Q13B_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke marijuana?

Marijuana Smoking in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	93.4	1.5	0.8	0.7	1.1	0.7	1.7
Male	93.1	1.4	0.8	0.7	0.9	0.8	2.3
Female	93.8	1.7	0.8	0.8	1.2	0.6	1.1
8th Grade	97.6	1.0	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.1	0.4
10th Grade	93.1	1.7	1.2	0.5	1.2	0.7	1.7
12th Grade	89.0	2.0	1.2	1.4	1.7	1.3	3.3

Q13C_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use marijuana or TCH edibles?

Marijuana or THC Edible Consumption in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	96.0	1.4	0.7	0.6	0.3	0.2	0.8
Male	95.9	1.0	0.9	0.6	0.4	0.1	1.0
Female	96.1	1.9	0.5	0.6	0.1	0.3	0.5
8th Grade	98.7	0.3	0.3	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.3
10th Grade	95.5	1.8	0.7	0.7	0.4	0.1	0.8
12th Grade	93.5	2.4	1.2	1.3	0.2	0.2	1.2

PPR3: Past 30-Day Methamphetamine Use

Q14b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use methamphetamines?

Methamphetamine Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.3	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2
Male	99.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.3
Female	99.6	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.3	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.3
10th Grade	99.5	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2
12th Grade	99.2	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.1

PPR3: Past 30-Day Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use cocaine (crack, etc.)?

Cocaine Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
Male	99.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.3
Female	99.9	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.6	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	99.3	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1

Q15c: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use inhalants (glue, gas, etc.)?

Inhalant Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.2
Female	99.9	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.6	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.6	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.3	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1

Q15d: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use hallucinogens (PCP, LSD, etc.)?

Hallucinogen Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.2	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0
Male	98.9	0.3	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1
Female	99.5	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.7	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	98.9	0.4	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1
12th Grade	99.0	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0

Q17h: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use heroin (opiates, etc.)?

Heroin Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.6	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1
Male	99.3	0.1	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2
Female	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.8	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.6	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	99.3	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.1

Q15f: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use steroids?

Steroid Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.1	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2
Female	99.9	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.6	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.8	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.0	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2

Q15g: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use ecstasy (MDMA, Molly)?

Ecstasy Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1
Male	99.2	0.1	0.3	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.1
Female	99.8	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.8	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.6	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	99.0	0.2	0.3	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.0

PPR3: Perceived Access to Substances

Access to each substance was defined using students’ responses to the question, “How easy is it to get…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “Very easy” to “Very difficult.” If they did not know, they could select “Don’t know.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“Very easy,” “Fairly easy,” “Fairly difficult,” and “Very difficult”), shown by gender and grade level. Students who responded “Don’t know” were excluded from these proportion calculations.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that it was either “Fairly difficult” or “Very difficult” to obtain each substance, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR3: Access to Prescription Drugs

Q16e. How easy is it to get prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Perceived Access to Prescription Drugs, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	17.5	21.3	19.4	41.8
Male	16.4	18.8	20.7	44.1
Female	18.1	23.3	18.5	40.1
8th Grade	17.9	17.4	14.6	50.0
10th Grade	16.8	22.8	20.9	39.5
12th Grade	17.6	23.9	23.0	35.4

PPR3: Access to Alcohol

Q16a. How easy is it to get alcohol (beer, coolers, liquor, etc.)?

Perceived Access to Alcohol, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	25.9	34.7	18.1	21.3
Male	26.7	33.3	19.0	21.0
Female	25.1	36.0	17.3	21.5
8th Grade	21.7	28.9	16.8	32.7
10th Grade	24.2	36.1	20.7	18.9
12th Grade	30.7	38.2	16.8	14.2

PPR3: Access to Tobacco Products

Q16b. How easy is it to get tobacco products (cigarettes, dip, etc.)?

Perceived Access to Tobacco Products, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	24.1	26.2	18.7	31.0
Male	25.3	26.4	19.6	28.6
Female	23.0	26.0	17.8	33.2
8th Grade	16.9	19.5	17.8	45.8
10th Grade	20.7	28.5	20.7	30.1
12th Grade	33.5	29.9	17.6	19.0

PPR3: Access to Vaping Devices

Q16c. How easy is it to get vaping devices (JUULs, vape pens, e-cigarettes)?

Perceived Access to Vaping Devices, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	36.5	24.4	13.9	25.1
Male	36.8	23.7	14.0	25.6
Female	36.2	25.1	13.9	24.8
8th Grade	22.9	22.4	14.0	40.7
10th Grade	39.2	23.9	14.8	22.1
12th Grade	45.4	26.6	13.1	14.9

PPR3: Access to Marijuana

Q16d. How easy is it to get marijuana (e.g., pot, hash, edibles)?

Perceived Access to Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	21.0	22.1	17.0	39.8
Male	22.5	21.0	18.4	38.2
Female	19.7	23.1	16.0	41.3
8th Grade	10.9	11.0	14.2	63.9
10th Grade	20.6	23.2	19.5	36.7
12th Grade	29.7	30.3	17.1	22.8

PPR3: Sources for Obtaining Substances

Sources for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 30 days, if you used… in which ways (if any) did you get…?” This question was asked for prescription drugs, alcohol, marijuana/THC, and vaping devices/substances. Students who reported past 30-day use were asked to select all of their sources. If a student did not use in the past 30 days, they were not asked to report sources and they are not included in these calculations.

The bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students who reported each source, provided that they responded to the question. Therefore, each data point can be interpreted as, “the percent of students who obtained substances from each source out of those who reported at least one source.” The number of students who selected at least one source is included in the title of the graph. Students could select multiple sources, so percentages in the plots will not sum to 100 percent. Demographic breakdowns are not included for individual sources due to small sample sizes.

PPR3: Sources for Obtaining Prescription Drugs

Q19. During the past 30 days, if you used prescription drugs to get high, how did you get the drugs? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR3: Sources for Obtaining Alcohol

Q17. During the past 30 days, if you used alcohol, in which ways (if any) did you get alcohol? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR3: Sources for Obtaining Marijuana/THC

Q20. During the past 30 days, if you used marijuana/THC (through smoking, vaping, edibles, Delta-8, or any other way), how did you get it? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR3: Sources for Obtaining Vaping Devices and Substances

Q21. During the past 30 days, if you vaped, how did you get your vaping devices and substances? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR3: Students’ Ability to Purchase Alcohol

Students’ ability to purchase alcohol was assessed with a question asking if they were asked to show proof of age if they attempted to buy.

The bar graph displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who were asked to show proof of age out of those who reported attempting to buy. Each data point can be interpreted as, “the percent of students who were asked to show proof of age of those who reported attempting to buy alcohol in the past 30 days.” The number of students who responded to this question is included in the title of the graph. Demographic breakdowns are not included for this question due to small sample sizes.

Q18. If you bought or tried to buy alcohol yourself during the past 30 days, were you ever asked to show proof of age?

PPR3: Riding with Impaired Drivers

Riding with impaired drivers was defined as riding in a car with someone under the influence of each substance. Students who reported ever having ridden in a car with an impaired driver were asked to report the number of times they had done so in the past 30 days.

The first bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported ever riding in a car with an impaired driver (lifetime), shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no past 30-day substance use (the “0 times” column) and the proportion of students who reported each frequency, shown by gender and grade level.

The final bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported riding with an impaired driver in the past 30 days one or more times, shown by gender and grade level.

PPR3: Lifetime Riding with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver

Q22b. Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was taking or was under the influence of prescription drugs?

PPR3: Past 30-Day Riding with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23b. During the past 30 days, how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who was taking or was under the influence of prescription drugs?

Rode with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver (past 30 days), by Gender and Grade

	0 times	1 time	2 or 3 times	4 or 5 times	6 or more times
Overall	95.4	1.4	1.3	0.4	1.5
Male	96.1	1.2	0.9	0.4	1.4
Female	94.8	1.6	1.7	0.4	1.5
8th Grade	95.4	1.3	1.3	0.3	1.7
10th Grade	94.8	1.2	1.9	0.5	1.5
12th Grade	95.9	1.6	0.8	0.5	1.2

PPR3: Lifetime Riding with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23a. Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was intoxicated by alcohol or drugs?

PPR3: Past 30-Day Riding with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23a. During the past 30 days, how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who was intoxicated by alcohol or drugs?

Rode with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver (past 30 days), by Gender and Grade

	0 times	1 time	2 or 3 times	4 or 5 times	6 or more times
Overall	87.9	4.5	4.0	1.1	2.6
Male	90.8	3.0	2.9	0.9	2.4
Female	84.9	6.0	5.1	1.2	2.7
8th Grade	89.2	3.6	3.3	1.0	2.8
10th Grade	88.1	4.3	3.8	1.1	2.7
12th Grade	86.1	5.7	5.0	1.1	2.2

PPR3: Friends’ Substance Use

Friends’ substance use was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have [used each substance]?”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that none of their closest friends had used (the “0 friends” column) and the proportion of students who reported each number of friends who used, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that at least one or more of their closest friends had used each substance, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR3: Friends’ Prescription Drug Misuse

Q24c. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used prescription drugs not prescribed to them?

Friends’ Prescription Drug Misuse (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	91.7	4.1	1.3	0.9	1.9
Male	93.4	3.0	1.1	0.3	2.2
Female	90.2	5.1	1.5	1.5	1.6
8th Grade	92.9	4.5	0.8	0.6	1.2
10th Grade	89.9	4.5	2.6	0.8	2.1
12th Grade	92.3	3.3	0.5	1.3	2.7

PPR3: Friends’ Alcohol Use

Q24a. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Friends’ Alcohol Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	63.1	12.5	8.1	4.1	12.3
Male	68.1	11.4	6.0	3.0	11.5
Female	58.1	13.7	10.1	5.1	13.0
8th Grade	75.7	12.2	4.7	2.5	4.9
10th Grade	60.0	12.8	10.1	4.4	12.7
12th Grade	52.7	12.6	9.5	5.4	19.7

Q25b. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have had 5 or more drinks on the same occasion?

Friends’ Binge Drinking (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	76.2	8.3	4.7	2.6	8.2
Male	79.0	7.0	4.0	2.0	7.9
Female	73.3	9.7	5.4	3.1	8.5
8th Grade	89.5	5.4	1.7	1.1	2.3
10th Grade	73.6	9.7	5.9	3.3	7.6
12th Grade	64.4	10.1	6.8	3.4	15.3

PPR3: Friends’ Tobacco Use

Q24d. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have smoked part or all of a cigarette?

Friends’ Cigarette Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	81.8	8.7	3.9	1.6	4.0
Male	84.3	7.3	3.3	0.9	4.3
Female	79.3	10.2	4.6	2.2	3.6
8th Grade	86.3	8.5	2.6	0.6	2.1
10th Grade	81.7	8.0	4.5	2.0	3.9
12th Grade	76.9	9.8	4.8	2.2	6.2

PPR3: Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device

Note: Please see the next section (Friends’ Marijuana Use) for friends’ use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q24e. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used a vaping device with nicotine?

Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	61.6	11.9	7.2	3.9	15.4
Male	66.5	10.9	5.8	3.0	13.7
Female	56.6	12.8	8.7	4.9	17.0
8th Grade	71.9	12.4	4.9	3.0	7.8
10th Grade	59.0	11.4	7.6	4.0	18.0
12th Grade	53.2	11.8	9.3	4.9	20.8

PPR3: Friends’ Marijuana Use

Q24f. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used a vaping device with marijuana?

Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	75.9	8.3	4.6	2.8	8.4
Male	78.7	7.4	3.2	2.5	8.2
Female	73.2	9.3	5.9	3.0	8.6
8th Grade	86.6	6.2	2.7	1.3	3.2
10th Grade	73.3	8.7	4.8	3.1	10.2
12th Grade	67.1	10.3	6.4	4.1	12.2

Q24g. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used marijuana or hashish some other way?

Friends’ Marijuana Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	79.4	7.6	3.4	1.9	7.7
Male	81.6	6.6	2.5	1.4	7.9
Female	77.3	8.6	4.3	2.4	7.4
8th Grade	89.6	6.2	1.0	0.8	2.5
10th Grade	77.1	7.3	4.1	2.0	9.5
12th Grade	70.9	9.4	5.2	3.1	11.4

PPR3: Parent, Peer, and Personal Disapproval of Alcohol and Other Drug Use

Parent, peer, and personal disapproval for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to…”, “How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to…”, and “How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “Not at all wrong” to “Very wrong.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“Not at all wrong,” “A little bit wrong,” “Wrong,” and “Very wrong”), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that it was either “Wrong” or “Very wrong,” shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR3: Parent Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q25g. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Parent Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.1	1.5	7.7	89.7
Male	1.2	1.3	8.1	89.4
Female	0.9	1.7	7.4	90.1
8th Grade	0.9	1.9	6.1	91.0
10th Grade	1.3	1.4	8.6	88.7
12th Grade	1.1	1.2	8.5	89.2

PPR3: Parent Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q26a. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to drink alcohol?

Parent Disapproval of Drinking Alcohol, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	5.1	14.2	20.4	60.2
Male	4.3	12.6	20.6	62.5
Female	5.8	15.8	20.3	58.1
8th Grade	3.1	9.5	17.3	70.1
10th Grade	4.3	15.2	20.4	60.0
12th Grade	8.2	18.3	23.9	49.6

Q26b. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Parent Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.5	2.9	13.4	82.2
Male	1.6	2.6	12.7	83.1
Female	1.3	3.2	14.1	81.4
8th Grade	1.6	1.7	9.4	87.3
10th Grade	1.4	3.3	12.7	82.7
12th Grade	1.5	3.9	18.6	76.1

PPR3: Parent Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q26c. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to smoke tobacco?

Parent Disapproval of Smoking Tobacco, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.9	3.3	13.4	81.5
Male	2.1	3.0	14.1	80.8
Female	1.6	3.6	12.6	82.3
8th Grade	1.8	2.2	9.8	86.1
10th Grade	1.6	3.3	12.6	82.5
12th Grade	2.4	4.3	18.1	75.2

PPR3: Parent Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Parent Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for parental disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q25d. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Parent Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.6	5.0	13.7	78.8
Male	2.7	3.3	13.7	80.3
Female	2.3	6.8	13.6	77.3
8th Grade	1.9	3.1	10.1	85.0
10th Grade	2.5	4.9	13.6	78.9
12th Grade	3.3	7.2	17.6	71.9

PPR3: Parent Disapproval of Marijuana

Q25e. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Parent Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.8	3.8	10.3	83.0
Male	2.7	3.6	10.5	83.2
Female	2.9	4.0	10.1	83.0
8th Grade	1.4	2.0	7.0	89.7
10th Grade	3.2	3.9	9.7	83.3
12th Grade	4.1	5.7	14.7	75.4

Q26g. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to smoke marijuana?

Parent Disapproval of Smoking Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	3.7	5.2	10.0	81.1
Male	3.2	5.2	10.6	80.9
Female	4.2	5.1	9.3	81.5
8th Grade	1.8	2.8	7.0	88.4
10th Grade	3.9	5.2	10.0	80.8
12th Grade	5.6	7.8	13.3	73.3

PPR3: Peer Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q26g. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Peer Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	6.2	6.9	18.8	68.1
Male	6.6	6.6	19.7	67.0
Female	5.8	7.1	17.7	69.3
8th Grade	4.0	6.0	17.2	72.8
10th Grade	7.4	8.0	20.1	64.5
12th Grade	7.4	6.6	19.1	66.8

PPR3: Peer Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q27a. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to drink alcohol?

Peer Disapproval of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	20.8	18.6	20.9	39.7
Male	18.7	16.8	22.5	42.1
Female	23.0	20.4	19.4	37.3
8th Grade	9.4	14.7	23.3	52.6
10th Grade	21.6	21.1	21.8	35.4
12th Grade	32.6	20.0	17.3	30.1

Q26b. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Peer Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	10.0	11.8	23.6	54.5
Male	9.9	11.2	24.3	54.6
Female	10.0	12.6	22.9	54.4
8th Grade	5.1	8.9	20.9	65.1
10th Grade	11.1	12.4	25.0	51.5
12th Grade	14.3	14.5	25.1	46.1

PPR3: Peer Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q26c. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to smoke tobacco?

Peer Disapproval of Tobacco Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	10.8	10.9	22.3	55.9
Male	10.7	10.8	23.5	55.0
Female	11.0	11.0	21.1	56.9
8th Grade	5.9	7.6	20.6	65.9
10th Grade	11.2	10.4	25.6	52.8
12th Grade	15.9	15.1	20.8	48.2

PPR3: Peer Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for peer disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q26d. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Peer Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	19.1	14.4	18.7	47.8
Male	17.1	13.2	19.6	50.1
Female	21.1	15.6	17.8	45.4
8th Grade	10.6	10.7	18.2	60.5
10th Grade	19.8	16.4	20.6	43.2
12th Grade	27.6	16.4	17.3	38.7

PPR3: Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use

Q26e. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Peer Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	15.9	11.4	18.6	54.0
Male	15.4	10.1	19.5	54.9
Female	16.3	12.7	17.8	53.2
8th Grade	7.0	8.3	16.2	68.5
10th Grade	16.9	12.5	20.3	50.3
12th Grade	24.6	13.8	19.6	42.0

Q26f. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to smoke marijuana?

Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	15.9	11.3	18.2	54.6
Male	15.3	10.7	18.8	55.1
Female	16.4	11.8	17.6	54.2
8th Grade	6.3	7.7	16.5	69.5
10th Grade	17.2	12.2	20.3	50.3
12th Grade	25.1	14.2	17.8	42.9

PPR3: Personal Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q27g. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use prescription drugs not prescribed them?

Personal Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.6	4.7	14.6	78.2
Male	3.1	4.2	15.1	77.6
Female	2.0	5.2	14.0	78.9
8th Grade	1.5	3.5	11.6	83.4
10th Grade	2.7	5.6	16.7	75.0
12th Grade	3.5	5.2	15.5	75.7

PPR3: Personal Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q27a. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to drink alcohol?

Personal Disapproval of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	9.0	18.9	23.0	49.1
Male	7.9	16.6	22.7	52.8
Female	10.1	21.3	23.3	45.3
8th Grade	3.4	11.4	20.8	64.4
10th Grade	8.0	20.1	26.0	45.9
12th Grade	16.4	26.1	22.2	35.3

Q27b. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Personal Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	3.8	8.1	19.2	68.9
Male	3.9	8.0	19.0	69.2
Female	3.6	8.3	19.5	68.7
8th Grade	2.1	5.0	13.9	79.1
10th Grade	3.8	8.3	21.3	66.6
12th Grade	5.7	11.5	22.9	59.9

PPR3: Personal Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q28b. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to smoke tobacco?

Personal Disapproval of Tobacco Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	5.2	9.0	20.4	65.4
Male	5.3	8.3	21.0	65.5
Female	5.0	9.7	19.8	65.5
8th Grade	2.4	5.3	15.1	77.2
10th Grade	4.5	8.9	23.1	63.5
12th Grade	8.9	13.3	23.4	54.4

PPR3: Personal Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for personal disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q27d. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Personal Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	7.3	13.3	20.5	59.0
Male	6.1	11.6	20.0	62.3
Female	8.4	15.0	21.0	55.6
8th Grade	3.6	8.0	16.0	72.5
10th Grade	6.5	13.6	24.1	55.8
12th Grade	12.2	18.9	21.6	47.3

PPR3: Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use

Q27e. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Personal Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	7.5	10.9	17.2	64.5
Male	6.9	10.3	17.2	65.6
Female	7.9	11.7	17.1	63.3
8th Grade	3.1	5.3	12.2	79.3
10th Grade	7.3	11.5	19.9	61.3
12th Grade	12.5	16.6	19.7	51.2

Q27f. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use marijuana (some other way)?

Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	8.3	11.1	16.6	64.0
Male	7.8	10.6	16.8	64.8
Female	8.8	11.6	16.5	63.2
8th Grade	3.1	4.6	12.3	80.0
10th Grade	8.6	11.7	19.3	60.5
12th Grade	14.0	17.6	18.6	49.8

PPR3: Perception of Risk

Perception of risk for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “No risk” to “Great risk.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“No risk,” “Slight risk,” “Moderate risk,” and “Great risk”), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported either “Moderate risk” or “Great risk,” shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR3: Perceived Risk of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q28h. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use prescription drugs that are not prescribed to them?

Perceived Risk of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	7.3	5.6	15.1	72.1
Male	8.6	6.3	16.2	68.9
Female	5.9	4.8	13.9	75.4
8th Grade	7.5	6.1	14.7	71.7
10th Grade	7.8	5.7	14.6	71.8
12th Grade	6.5	4.8	16.0	72.7

PPR3: Perceived Risk of Alcohol Use

Q28a. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they drink alcohol?

Perceived Risk of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	8.6	22.9	33.5	35.0
Male	10.4	22.9	31.8	34.9
Female	6.6	22.9	35.3	35.3
8th Grade	9.3	21.3	29.6	39.8
10th Grade	8.3	21.8	35.7	34.3
12th Grade	8.2	25.8	35.3	30.7

Q28b. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they have five or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage (beer, wine, liquor) once or twice a week?

Perceived Risk of Regular Binge Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	7.3	9.4	23.8	59.5
Male	8.9	9.8	23.2	58.1
Female	5.7	9.0	24.4	60.9
8th Grade	8.1	8.9	23.6	59.4
10th Grade	7.2	8.1	22.8	61.9
12th Grade	6.6	11.4	25.1	57.0

PPR3: Perceived Risk of Tobacco Use

Q28c. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they smoke one or more packs of cigarettes a day?

Perceived Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes a Day, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	8.0	7.4	18.9	65.8
Male	9.6	8.0	18.9	63.5
Female	6.2	6.7	19.0	68.2
8th Grade	7.8	6.8	16.2	69.2
10th Grade	7.8	7.2	19.3	65.8
12th Grade	8.4	8.1	21.5	62.0

PPR3: Perceived Risk of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Perceived Risk of Marijuana Use) for perceived risk of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q28d. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use a vaping device with nicotine?

Perceived Risk of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	9.2	16.1	28.5	46.2
Male	10.6	15.3	27.7	46.3
Female	7.6	17.0	29.2	46.3
8th Grade	8.4	13.6	24.5	53.6
10th Grade	9.2	16.7	29.5	44.6
12th Grade	10.2	18.1	31.8	39.9

PPR3: Perceived Risk of Marijuana Use

Q28e. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use a vaping device with marijuana?

Perceived Risk of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	10.3	16.0	24.4	49.2
Male	11.7	17.2	24.1	47.0
Female	8.8	14.8	24.8	51.6
8th Grade	9.2	9.5	20.8	60.5
10th Grade	10.8	17.3	24.7	47.2
12th Grade	11.0	21.9	28.1	38.9

Q28f. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they try marijuana once or twice?

Perceived Risk of Trying Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	21.9	21.1	18.2	38.7
Male	24.6	19.7	17.7	38.1
Female	19.0	22.6	18.9	39.5
8th Grade	15.5	16.7	18.9	48.9
10th Grade	22.4	21.9	18.4	37.3
12th Grade	28.4	25.1	17.4	29.1

Q28g. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they smoke marijuana once or twice a week?

Perceived Risk of Regular Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	14.3	16.3	21.9	47.5
Male	15.5	17.2	21.3	46.0
Female	13.0	15.4	22.5	49.2
8th Grade	11.0	10.5	19.5	59.0
10th Grade	14.5	16.6	23.1	45.9
12th Grade	17.8	22.4	23.3	36.5

PPR3: Psychological Distress

Psychological distress was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-6). This six-item scale asked students how often they have had six different feelings in the past 30 days.

The first six tables display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each likert response option (“None of the time”, “A little of the time”, Some of the time”, “Most of the time”, “All of the time”), for each of the scale items, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graph displays the weighted average scale score, shown by gender and grade level. Scale scores were calculated by adding up each respondent’s responses to the six items where a response of “None of the time” was 0 points; “A little of the time” 1 point; “Some of the time” 2 points; “Most of the time” 3 points; and “All of the time” 4 points. For example, if a student reported feeling each of the six feelings “All of the time” s/he would have a K-6 scale score of 24. Therefore, higher scores on this scale indicate greater psychological distress. Each bar in the bar graph also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

The final table in the section displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) for each level of psychological distress (low, moderate, and high). Research has shown that psychological distress scale scores of low (0-7 points), moderate (8-12 points), or high (13-24 points) are correlated with low, moderate, or high probabilities of mental health disorders such as mood and anxiety disorders and suicide ideation, for example.

PPR3: Feeling Nervous

Q29a. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt nervous?

Feeling Nervous in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	24.1	20.1	25.0	15.1	15.8
Male	33.7	23.3	23.3	10.0	9.6
Female	14.3	16.8	26.6	20.1	22.1
8th Grade	25.7	21.4	25.1	14.7	13.2
10th Grade	22.7	20.2	26.4	15.5	15.3
12th Grade	23.9	18.5	23.3	15.0	19.3

PPR3: Feeling Hopeless

Q29b. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt hopeless?

Feeling Hopeless in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	49.0	16.3	16.4	8.8	9.5
Male	58.4	15.5	13.3	5.9	7.0
Female	39.6	17.2	19.6	11.7	11.9
8th Grade	53.0	16.3	14.1	7.8	8.8
10th Grade	47.6	16.6	16.9	9.3	9.6
12th Grade	46.1	16.1	18.4	9.4	10.0

PPR3: Feeling Restless or Fidgety

Q29c. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt restless or fidgety?

Feeling Restless or Fidgety in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	33.6	14.5	16.9	15.9	19.1
Male	42.6	14.9	16.0	11.9	14.6
Female	24.3	14.2	17.9	20.1	23.6
8th Grade	36.6	14.8	15.4	14.8	18.5
10th Grade	31.1	15.1	17.4	16.6	19.8
12th Grade	32.8	13.5	18.0	16.4	19.2

PPR3: Feeling Depressed

Q29d. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt so depressed that nothing could cheer you up?

Feeling So Depressed that Nothing Could Cheer You Up in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	56.5	15.2	13.2	7.4	7.7
Male	65.6	13.6	10.2	5.2	5.5
Female	47.5	16.8	16.3	9.6	9.9
8th Grade	59.7	14.3	12.5	6.3	7.2
10th Grade	56.0	15.6	13.3	7.4	7.7
12th Grade	53.6	15.7	14.0	8.5	8.3

PPR3: Feeling That Everything Was an Effort

Q29e. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt that everything was an effort?

Feeling That Everything Was an Effort in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	40.7	17.9	16.8	12.4	12.3
Male	49.9	17.2	15.0	9.5	8.4
Female	31.5	18.7	18.5	15.2	16.1
8th Grade	45.7	17.9	14.3	11.7	10.4
10th Grade	38.3	17.9	18.0	12.7	13.1
12th Grade	37.8	17.9	18.1	12.8	13.5

PPR3: Feeling Worthless

Q29f. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt worthless?

Feeling Worthless in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	54.6	13.6	10.9	8.8	12.1
Male	64.6	11.5	9.4	6.2	8.3
Female	44.5	15.9	12.3	11.4	15.9
8th Grade	57.3	12.8	9.5	8.9	11.4
10th Grade	55.4	12.9	11.4	7.9	12.4
12th Grade	50.6	15.2	11.9	9.6	12.7

PPR3: K-6 Average Scale Score

PPR3: K-6 Levels of Pyschological Distress

Level of Psychological Distress, by Gender and Grade

	Low	Moderate	High
Overall	54.7	18.9	26.4
Male	65.8	16.4	17.8
Female	43.7	21.4	35.0
8th Grade	58.6	18.2	23.2
10th Grade	54.0	18.7	27.2
12th Grade	51.2	19.7	29.1

PPR3: Suicide Ideation

Suicide ideation was measured using students’ responses to two questions: (Q30) “In the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?” and (Q31) “In the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?”

The bar graphs for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who responded “Yes”, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

Q30. In the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?

Q31. In the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?

PPR3: Family Communication about Substance Use

Family communication about substance use for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of… [substance use]? By parents, we mean your adult guardians, whether they live with you or not.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no conversations (the “No” column), one conversation (the “Yes” column), and multiple conversations (the “Yes, more than once” column), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported at least one or more conversations, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR3: Family Communication about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q34. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Family Communication about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	61.4	28.9	9.8
Male	64.3	26.6	9.1
Female	58.3	31.3	10.4
8th Grade	60.9	28.5	10.6
10th Grade	61.4	29.3	9.3
12th Grade	61.8	28.8	9.4

PPR3: Family Communication about the Dangers of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug (ATOD) Use

Q32. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of tobacco, alcohol, or drug use?

Family Communication about the Dangers of ATOD Use, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	48.2	36.5	15.3
Male	50.9	34.5	14.5
Female	45.3	38.6	16.1
8th Grade	47.1	36.7	16.2
10th Grade	48.4	36.9	14.6
12th Grade	49.2	35.8	15.0

PPR3: Family Communication about the Dangers of Vaping

Q33. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of vaping?

Family Communication about the Dangers of Vaping, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	51.6	35.8	12.5
Male	54.1	34.0	11.9
Female	49.0	37.8	13.2
8th Grade	48.5	37.0	14.6
10th Grade	52.3	35.8	11.8
12th Grade	54.3	34.6	11.1

PPR3: Exposure to Prevention and Other Messaging

Exposure to prevention messaging was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 12 months, do you recall hearing, reading, or watching an advertisement about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?” Exposure to other messaging was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 12 months, do you recall seeing anything online or on social media encouraging underage drinking, vaping, marijuana, or other drug use?”

The tables for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no exposure (the “No” column), one exposure (the “Yes” column), and multiple exposures (the “Yes, more than once” column), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported at least one or more exposures, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR3: Exposure to Prevention Messaging about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q35. During the past 12 months, do you recall hearing, reading, or watching an advertisement about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Exposure to Prevention Messaging about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	48.7	33.9	17.3
Male	51.8	31.5	16.8
Female	45.6	36.5	17.9
8th Grade	48.4	32.9	18.7
10th Grade	48.2	35.0	16.8
12th Grade	49.6	34.1	16.4

PPR3: Exposure to Online Messaging Encouraging Underage Substance Use

Q36. During the past 12 months, do you recall seeing anything online or on social media encouraging underage drinking, vaping, marijuana, or other drug use?

Exposure to Online Messaging Encouraging Underage Substance Use, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	61.5	25.1	13.5
Male	66.0	22.0	12.0
Female	56.8	28.2	15.0
8th Grade	67.0	21.1	11.8
10th Grade	59.9	25.7	14.4
12th Grade	57.1	28.6	14.3

End of Planning and Policy Region 3 results.

TDMHSAS Behavioral Health Planning and Policy Region 5 (PPR5) Data

PPR5: Participating Counties

Unweighted and Weighted Samples, by County

County	Unweighted Sample (n)	Weighted Sample (n)	Proportion of Weighted Total
Cannon	219	1,615	2.5%
Cheatham	871	6,730	10.2%
Dickson	1,039	7,427	11.3%
Franklin	386	3,042	4.6%
Lawrence	535	4,046	6.2%
Stewart	214	1,723	2.6%
Sumner	4,641	34,881	53.1%
Wilson	832	6,273	9.5%
Total	8,737	65,737	100.0%

PPR5: Demographic Characteristics of the Unweighted Sample

Percent of Sample, by Race/Ethnicity

Race/Ethnicity	Percent
American Indian/Alaska Native	2.6%
Asian/Pacific Islander	3.5%
Black/African American	12.2%
Hispanic	11.7%
More than one race	7.6%
Other race	3.7%
White	79.4%

Percent of Sample, by Age

Age	Percent
10	0.1%
11	0.1%
12	0.3%
13	18.2%
14	21.7%
15	18.9%
16	17.5%
17	12.8%
18	10.3%

Percent of Sample, by Grade Level

Grade	Percent
8th	41.6%
10th	36.0%
12th	22.3%

Percent of Sample, by Gender

Gender	Percent
Male	51.0%
Female	47.1%
Other	1.9%

Notes: For the race/ethnicity question, students could select multiple options, so the sum of all percentages may exceed 100%.

PPR5: Lifetime Substance Use

Lifetime substance use was defined as using a substance at least once. Students were asked a yes or no question, “Have you ever used…” for each substance.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported any lifetime use of each substance, shown by gender and grade. Each bar in the bar graphs also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR5: Lifetime Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7: Have you ever used prescription drugs not prescribed to you or just to get high? Prescription drugs include drugs that require a doctor’s prescription to purchase or consume like OxyContin, Percocet, Vicodin, Codeine, Adderall, Ritalin, Xanax, Klonopin, Benzos, Valium, Ativan, and Gabapentin. These do not include over-the-counter medicines.

Q7A_1: Have you ever used prescription stimulants not prescribed to you or just to get high? (e.g., Dexadrine, Adderall, Ritalin, or Concerta)

Q7B_1. Have you ever used prescription pain medications not prescribed to you or just to get high? (e.g., Vicodin, Oxycontin, Morphine, or Demerol)

PPR5: Lifetime Alcohol Use

Q5: Have you ever had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage? Alcoholic beverages include beer, wine, wine coolers, malt beverages, and liquor.

Q6: Have you ever had five or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage on the same occasion? Alcoholic beverages include beer, wine, wine coolers, malt beverages, and liquor.

PPR5: Lifetime Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8: Have you ever used over-the-counter drugs to get high or in a way other than directed? (e.g., cough/cold medicines, diet pills, stay-awake pills, or laxatives)

PPR5: Lifetime Cigarette Use

Q9: Have you ever smoked part or all of a cigarette? Cigarettes include menthol cigarettes, regular cigarettes, and loose tobacco rolled in cigarettes. This does not include e-cigarettes.

PPR5: Lifetime Use of a Vaping Device

Note: For lifetime use of a vaping device with marijuana, please see the Marijuana section below.

Q10: Have you ever used a vaping device with nicotine? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Q11: Have you ever used a vaping device with flavoring only? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Created Variable: Any lifetime vaping (including nicotine, flavoring, and/or marijuana)

PPR5: Lifetime Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12: Have you ever used smokeless tobacco? Smokeless tobacco can be known as chewing tobacco, spit tobacco, chew, snuff, pinch, or dip.

PPR5: Lifetime Marijuana Use

Q13: Have you ever used marijuana or hashish? Marijuana or hashish can be known as grass, pot, weed, hash, hash oil, or edibles.

Q13A_1. Have you ever vaped marijuana? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Q13B_1. Have you ever smoked marijuana?

Q13C. Have you ever eaten marijuana or THC edibles? Marijuana and THC edibles include Delta-8 and other edible marijuana.

PPR5: Lifetime Methamphetamine Use

Q14: Have you ever used methamphetamines? Methamphetamines can be known as crank, meth, blue, ice, or crystal.

PPR5: Lifetime Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15: Have you ever used any other illegal drugs? Other illegal drugs include substances like crack or powder cocaine, heroin, inhalants, barbiturates, steroids, etc.

PPR5: Age of Initiation of Substances

Age of initiation was defined as the age at which a student first used a given substance. Students who reported lifetime use were asked, “How old were you when you first used…” for each substance. Tables and bar graphs are only displayed in this section if there were students who reported lifetime use of a given substance.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no substance initiation (the “Never” column) and the percent of students who reported initiation at each age, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the weighted average age of initiation, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar in the bar graphs also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR5: Age of Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7a: How old were you when you first used prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	95.5	0.7	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.2
Male	95.3	0.9	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.8	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.2
Female	95.9	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.3	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	96.9	0.6	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.8	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	95.5	0.7	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.7	1.0	0.9	0.2	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	94.1	0.8	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.5	0.7	1.1	1.1	0.9	0.3

PPR5: Age of Initiation of Alcohol Use

Q5a: How old were you when you first had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Initiation of Alcohol Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	72.7	2.8	0.6	1.4	1.1	2.0	4.0	4.1	4.7	3.9	1.9	0.9
Male	73.4	3.1	0.6	1.5	1.1	1.8	3.7	3.3	4.5	4.0	2.2	1.0
Female	72.3	2.3	0.7	1.2	1.0	2.2	4.3	4.8	4.9	3.8	1.7	0.7
8th Grade	83.5	2.6	0.9	2.0	1.5	2.6	5.2	1.5	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	73.4	2.7	0.5	1.3	1.1	1.7	3.4	5.7	7.4	2.3	0.2	0.2
12th Grade	59.6	3.0	0.4	0.8	0.5	1.7	3.3	5.3	6.9	10.1	6.1	2.4

PPR5: Age of Initiation of Binge Drinking

Q6a: How old were you when you first had five or more drinks on the same occasion?

Initiation of Binge Drinking at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	88.1	0.5	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.5	1.3	1.8	2.5	2.5	1.8	0.6
Male	88.0	0.7	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.5	1.3	1.7	2.1	2.3	2.0	0.9
Female	88.3	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.6	1.2	2.0	2.8	2.7	1.5	0.4
8th Grade	96.5	0.3	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.6	1.5	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	89.4	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.6	1.3	2.5	3.8	1.3	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	77.2	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.4	1.0	2.6	3.9	6.6	5.7	1.8

PPR5: Age of Initiation of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8a: How old were you when you first used over-the-counter drugs?

Initiation of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	94.6	1.8	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.3	0.1	0.1
Male	94.6	2.1	0.2	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.6	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.1
Female	94.8	1.5	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.9	0.6	0.6	0.2	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	94.6	2.2	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.5	1.0	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	94.9	1.6	0.2	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.6	1.0	0.6	0.2	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	94.3	1.8	0.0	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.4	0.9	0.7	0.4	0.2

PPR5: Age of Initiation of Cigarette Use

Q9a: How old were you when you first smoked part or all of a cigarette?

Initiation of Cigarette Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	90.6	1.1	0.5	0.8	0.6	0.9	1.3	1.3	1.1	0.9	0.7	0.3
Male	90.0	1.2	0.7	0.8	0.7	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.1	0.8	1.0	0.4
Female	91.4	0.9	0.3	0.8	0.5	0.6	1.5	1.3	1.1	0.9	0.4	0.2
8th Grade	94.4	0.9	0.3	0.9	0.6	1.0	1.2	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	90.8	1.0	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.9	1.3	1.6	1.5	0.4	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	85.9	1.3	0.5	0.9	0.5	0.6	1.3	1.7	1.9	2.4	2.2	0.8

PPR5: Age of Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device

Q10a: How old were you when you first used a vaping device with nicotine?

Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	75.0	1.6	0.4	0.6	1.3	2.4	4.7	4.5	3.6	2.0	1.6	2.2
Male	76.2	2.0	0.4	0.6	1.4	1.8	4.4	4.3	3.3	2.0	1.4	2.3
Female	73.9	1.1	0.5	0.6	1.3	3.0	5.1	4.7	3.9	2.1	1.7	2.1
8th Grade	83.3	1.1	0.8	0.9	1.8	3.5	4.5	1.8	0.1	0.0	0.0	1.9
10th Grade	75.3	1.8	0.4	0.6	1.3	1.9	5.1	5.9	5.2	1.2	0.1	1.5
12th Grade	65.3	2.0	0.1	0.3	0.8	1.7	4.7	6.0	5.8	5.2	4.9	3.2

Q11a: How old were you when you first used a vaping device with flavoring only?

Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device with Flavoring Only at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	87.8	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.7	1.2	2.5	2.3	1.8	1.3	0.9	0.3
Male	89.2	0.5	0.2	0.4	0.7	1.2	2.0	2.0	1.6	1.4	0.6	0.3
Female	86.5	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.8	1.3	3.0	2.6	2.1	1.2	1.1	0.4
8th Grade	90.7	0.2	0.4	0.8	1.2	2.0	3.3	1.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	88.4	0.4	0.1	0.5	0.8	1.1	2.2	2.8	2.6	1.0	0.1	0.0
12th Grade	84.0	0.5	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.5	2.0	2.9	3.0	3.0	2.7	0.9

PPR5: Age of Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12a: How old were you when you first used smokeless tobacco?

Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	95.9	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.7	0.4	0.3	0.1
Male	94.2	0.7	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.6	0.4	0.1
Female	97.7	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	97.7	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	95.7	0.6	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.8	1.0	0.3	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	94.1	0.6	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.5	1.0	1.0	0.8	0.2

PPR5: Age of Initiation of Marijuana Use

Q13a: How old were you when you first used marijuana?

Initiation of Marijuana Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	85.7	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.5	1.1	2.2	2.8	2.8	2.2	1.2	0.3
Male	86.0	0.7	0.2	0.3	0.6	1.2	2.1	2.4	2.6	2.1	1.2	0.4
Female	85.4	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.5	1.1	2.3	3.2	3.0	2.3	1.1	0.3
8th Grade	93.9	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.5	1.4	2.5	1.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	85.8	0.8	0.2	0.4	0.5	1.2	1.9	3.5	4.3	1.3	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	76.1	0.6	0.1	0.2	0.6	0.7	2.3	4.2	4.4	5.8	3.8	1.0

PPR5: Age of Initiation of Methamphetamine Use

Q14a: How old were you when you first used methamphetamines?

Initiation of Methamphetamine Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	99.0	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1
Male	98.6	0.5	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1
Female	99.5	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	99.4	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.0	0.4	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	98.6	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1

PPR5: Age of Initiation of Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15a: How old were you when you first used other illegal drugs?

Initiation of Other Illegal Drug Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	98.2	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1
Male	97.9	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.1
Female	98.6	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	98.9	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	98.3	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	97.2	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.3	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.4

PPR5: Past 30-Day Substance Use and High-Frequency Use

Past 30-day use was defined as using a substance at least once in the past 30 days. Students who reported lifetime use of a substance were asked to report the number of times they used in the past 30 days.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no past 30-day substance use (the “0 days” column) and the proportion of students who reported each frequency of use, shown by gender and grade level.

The first bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported any past 30-day use of each substance, shown by gender and grade level. The second bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported high-frequency use, out of students who reported past 30-day use. High-frequency use is defined as having used on six or more days. High-frequency use bars can be interpreted as, “of those students who used [substance] in the past 30 days, [x]% used with high-frequency (i.e., on six or more days).” On the bar graphs, each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR5: Past 30-Day Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Prescription Drug Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.3	1.1	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.6
Male	96.9	1.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.9
Female	97.9	0.9	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.3
8th Grade	97.2	1.4	0.5	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.4
10th Grade	97.4	1.0	0.3	0.2	0.4	0.0	0.7
12th Grade	97.4	0.8	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.9

Q7A_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription stimulants?

Prescription Stimulant Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	98.8	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.5
Male	98.6	0.4	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.6
Female	99.2	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2
8th Grade	99.2	0.4	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	98.9	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.4
12th Grade	98.3	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.9

Q7B_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription pain medications?

Prescription Pain Medication Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	98.6	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.4
Male	98.4	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.6
Female	99.0	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.2
8th Grade	98.7	0.5	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1
10th Grade	98.8	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.5
12th Grade	98.3	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.8

PPR5: Past 30-Day Alcohol Use

Q5b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Alcohol Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	89.3	5.7	2.3	0.8	0.8	0.4	0.7
Male	89.7	5.2	1.9	0.9	0.7	0.6	1.0
Female	89.0	6.2	2.7	0.7	0.8	0.2	0.3
8th Grade	95.0	3.1	0.9	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.5
10th Grade	90.6	5.5	1.6	0.9	0.6	0.3	0.5
12th Grade	81.4	8.8	4.6	1.3	1.7	1.0	1.2

PPR5: Past 30-Day Binge Drinking

Q6b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have five or more drinks on the same occasion?

Binge Drinking in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	91.4	4.2	1.7	1.0	0.7	0.4	0.8
Male	90.9	3.9	1.5	1.3	0.6	0.6	1.2
Female	91.9	4.4	1.9	0.8	0.7	0.1	0.2
8th Grade	97.6	1.5	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	93.0	3.5	1.2	0.9	0.4	0.3	0.7
12th Grade	83.9	7.3	3.2	1.9	1.5	0.7	1.4

PPR5: Past 30-Day Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use over-the-counter drugs?

Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.0	1.2	0.7	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.4
Male	97.3	1.0	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.5
Female	96.8	1.4	0.9	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.2
8th Grade	96.6	1.5	0.8	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.4
10th Grade	97.3	1.0	0.8	0.4	0.2	0.0	0.3
12th Grade	97.0	1.2	0.4	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.5

PPR5: Past 30-Day Cigarette Use

Q9b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke part or all of a cigarette?

Cigarette Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	97.1	1.2	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.5
Male	96.6	1.3	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.7
Female	97.8	1.2	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.3
8th Grade	98.5	0.7	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.3
10th Grade	97.3	1.2	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.5
12th Grade	95.4	1.9	0.7	0.5	0.3	0.3	0.9

PPR5: Past 30-Day Use of a Vaping Device

Note: For past 30-day use of a vaping device with marijuana, please see the Marijuana section below.

Q10b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use a vaping device with nicotine?

Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	88.7	2.4	1.2	0.8	0.9	0.8	5.2
Male	89.8	1.9	1.0	0.7	0.9	0.7	5.0
Female	87.7	3.0	1.3	0.8	1.0	0.9	5.4
8th Grade	92.9	2.3	1.3	0.6	0.9	0.5	1.4
10th Grade	89.0	2.2	1.1	0.6	0.9	1.1	5.1
12th Grade	83.6	2.9	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.7	9.7

Q11b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use a vaping device with flavoring only?

Use of a Vaping Device with Flavoring Only in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	94.5	1.7	0.7	0.4	0.4	0.4	1.9
Male	95.7	1.0	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.3	1.6
Female	93.3	2.4	0.9	0.4	0.4	0.5	2.0
8th Grade	95.7	1.8	0.8	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.6
10th Grade	94.4	1.9	0.6	0.3	0.4	0.5	1.9
12th Grade	93.3	1.4	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.4	3.3

Created Variable: Any past 30-day use of a vaping device (with nicotine, flavoring, and/or marijuana)

PPR5: Past 30-Day Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use smokeless tobacco?

Smokeless Tobacco Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	98.4	0.6	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.4
Male	97.6	0.8	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.6
Female	99.3	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.2	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	98.3	0.7	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.3
12th Grade	97.7	0.8	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.6

PPR5: Past 30-Day Marijuana Use

Q13b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use marijuana?

Marijuana Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	91.2	2.9	1.3	0.8	0.9	0.8	2.1
Male	91.5	2.5	1.3	0.8	0.8	1.0	2.1
Female	91.0	3.2	1.3	0.7	1.0	0.6	2.1
8th Grade	96.2	1.8	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.3
10th Grade	91.0	3.2	1.4	0.6	1.0	0.6	2.2
12th Grade	85.8	3.7	2.1	1.4	1.4	1.5	4.2

Q13A_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you vape marijuana?

Marijuana Vaping in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	93.2	2.0	1.1	0.7	0.9	0.7	1.5
Male	93.6	1.7	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.7	1.5
Female	93.0	2.2	1.3	0.5	0.8	0.7	1.4
8th Grade	97.2	1.2	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.3
10th Grade	92.9	2.4	1.0	0.6	1.1	0.5	1.6
12th Grade	89.0	2.4	1.9	1.1	1.3	1.4	2.9

Q13B_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke marijuana?

Marijuana Smoking in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	93.8	1.7	1.0	0.7	0.6	0.5	1.7
Male	94.0	1.6	1.0	0.8	0.5	0.4	1.7
Female	93.7	1.8	1.0	0.7	0.6	0.5	1.7
8th Grade	97.3	1.1	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.2
10th Grade	93.8	1.8	1.0	0.7	0.5	0.4	1.8
12th Grade	89.7	2.3	1.8	1.1	0.8	0.9	3.5

Q13C_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use marijuana or TCH edibles?

Marijuana or THC Edible Consumption in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	95.5	1.8	0.7	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.8
Male	95.6	1.5	0.8	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.9
Female	95.6	2.1	0.7	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.7
8th Grade	98.1	0.9	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2
10th Grade	95.2	2.0	0.7	0.4	0.3	0.3	1.0
12th Grade	92.9	2.8	1.1	0.7	0.8	0.2	1.4

PPR5: Past 30-Day Methamphetamine Use

Q14b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use methamphetamines?

Methamphetamine Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.6	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
Male	99.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2
Female	99.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.8	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.6	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	99.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2

PPR5: Past 30-Day Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use cocaine (crack, etc.)?

Cocaine Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
Male	99.3	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2
Female	99.7	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.6	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.6	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.3

Q15c: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use inhalants (glue, gas, etc.)?

Inhalant Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.6	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.6	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1
Female	99.6	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.6	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.7	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.3	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.2

Q15d: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use hallucinogens (PCP, LSD, etc.)?

Hallucinogen Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.3	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.2	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Female	99.5	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.8	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.3	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	98.9	0.5	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.3

Q17h: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use heroin (opiates, etc.)?

Heroin Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.7	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.6	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2
Female	99.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.8	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.7	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.6	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2

Q15f: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use steroids?

Steroid Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.7	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.6	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1
Female	99.9	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.6	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.6	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1

Q15g: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use ecstasy (MDMA, Molly)?

Ecstasy Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.6	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.5	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
Female	99.8	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.8	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.6	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
12th Grade	99.5	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2

PPR5: Perceived Access to Substances

Access to each substance was defined using students’ responses to the question, “How easy is it to get…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “Very easy” to “Very difficult.” If they did not know, they could select “Don’t know.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“Very easy,” “Fairly easy,” “Fairly difficult,” and “Very difficult”), shown by gender and grade level. Students who responded “Don’t know” were excluded from these proportion calculations.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that it was either “Fairly difficult” or “Very difficult” to obtain each substance, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR5: Access to Prescription Drugs

Q16e. How easy is it to get prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Perceived Access to Prescription Drugs, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	16.8	18.6	21.7	42.8
Male	17.0	16.9	21.9	44.2
Female	16.4	20.2	21.7	41.7
8th Grade	16.6	18.5	19.5	45.5
10th Grade	19.1	20.0	19.9	41.0
12th Grade	14.7	17.4	26.5	41.4

PPR5: Access to Alcohol

Q16a. How easy is it to get alcohol (beer, coolers, liquor, etc.)?

Perceived Access to Alcohol, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	25.1	34.8	18.2	22.0
Male	24.9	34.2	19.0	21.9
Female	25.1	35.3	17.5	22.1
8th Grade	18.7	30.1	21.5	29.7
10th Grade	27.2	35.9	17.8	19.2
12th Grade	29.4	38.3	15.4	17.0

PPR5: Access to Tobacco Products

Q16b. How easy is it to get tobacco products (cigarettes, dip, etc.)?

Perceived Access to Tobacco Products, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	22.1	24.7	19.2	34.0
Male	23.9	24.9	18.9	32.3
Female	20.3	24.5	19.5	35.7
8th Grade	13.0	19.1	21.2	46.7
10th Grade	24.2	27.9	16.3	31.5
12th Grade	29.5	27.4	19.9	23.3

PPR5: Access to Vaping Devices

Q16c. How easy is it to get vaping devices (JUULs, vape pens, e-cigarettes)?

Perceived Access to Vaping Devices, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	35.6	25.0	11.7	27.7
Male	36.8	24.2	11.4	27.6
Female	34.5	25.8	12.0	27.7
8th Grade	22.2	23.1	15.1	39.6
10th Grade	39.4	26.7	10.6	23.3
12th Grade	45.6	25.3	9.4	19.6

PPR5: Access to Marijuana

Q16d. How easy is it to get marijuana (e.g., pot, hash, edibles)?

Perceived Access to Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	21.0	22.1	16.1	40.7
Male	22.6	22.0	16.8	38.6
Female	19.4	22.3	15.5	42.7
8th Grade	9.5	12.6	15.6	62.3
10th Grade	25.3	23.2	17.9	33.6
12th Grade	28.5	30.6	15.0	25.8

PPR5: Sources for Obtaining Substances

Sources for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 30 days, if you used… in which ways (if any) did you get…?” This question was asked for prescription drugs, alcohol, marijuana/THC, and vaping devices/substances. Students who reported past 30-day use were asked to select all of their sources. If a student did not use in the past 30 days, they were not asked to report sources and they are not included in these calculations.

The bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students who reported each source, provided that they responded to the question. Therefore, each data point can be interpreted as, “the percent of students who obtained substances from each source out of those who reported at least one source.” The number of students who selected at least one source is included in the title of the graph. Students could select multiple sources, so percentages in the plots will not sum to 100 percent. Demographic breakdowns are not included for individual sources due to small sample sizes.

PPR5: Sources for Obtaining Prescription Drugs

Q19. During the past 30 days, if you used prescription drugs to get high, how did you get the drugs? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR5: Sources for Obtaining Alcohol

Q17. During the past 30 days, if you used alcohol, in which ways (if any) did you get alcohol? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR5: Sources for Obtaining Marijuana/THC

Q20. During the past 30 days, if you used marijuana/THC (through smoking, vaping, edibles, Delta-8, or any other way), how did you get it? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR5: Sources for Obtaining Vaping Devices and Substances

Q21. During the past 30 days, if you vaped, how did you get your vaping devices and substances? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR5: Students’ Ability to Purchase Alcohol

Students’ ability to purchase alcohol was assessed with a question asking if they were asked to show proof of age if they attempted to buy.

The bar graph displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who were asked to show proof of age out of those who reported attempting to buy. Each data point can be interpreted as, “the percent of students who were asked to show proof of age of those who reported attempting to buy alcohol in the past 30 days.” The number of students who responded to this question is included in the title of the graph. Demographic breakdowns are not included for this question due to small sample sizes.

Q18. If you bought or tried to buy alcohol yourself during the past 30 days, were you ever asked to show proof of age?

PPR5: Riding with Impaired Drivers

Riding with impaired drivers was defined as riding in a car with someone under the influence of each substance. Students who reported ever having ridden in a car with an impaired driver were asked to report the number of times they had done so in the past 30 days.

The first bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported ever riding in a car with an impaired driver (lifetime), shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no past 30-day substance use (the “0 times” column) and the proportion of students who reported each frequency, shown by gender and grade level.

The final bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported riding with an impaired driver in the past 30 days one or more times, shown by gender and grade level.

PPR5: Lifetime Riding with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver

Q22b. Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was taking or was under the influence of prescription drugs?

PPR5: Past 30-Day Riding with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23b. During the past 30 days, how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who was taking or was under the influence of prescription drugs?

Rode with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver (past 30 days), by Gender and Grade

	0 times	1 time	2 or 3 times	4 or 5 times	6 or more times
Overall	95.4	1.5	1.0	0.5	1.6
Male	95.2	1.7	0.8	0.6	1.8
Female	95.7	1.3	1.2	0.4	1.4
8th Grade	95.1	2.0	0.9	0.3	1.7
10th Grade	95.3	1.3	1.1	0.4	1.9
12th Grade	95.7	1.2	1.0	0.8	1.3

PPR5: Lifetime Riding with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23a. Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was intoxicated by alcohol or drugs?

PPR5: Past 30-Day Riding with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23a. During the past 30 days, how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who was intoxicated by alcohol or drugs?

Rode with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver (past 30 days), by Gender and Grade

	0 times	1 time	2 or 3 times	4 or 5 times	6 or more times
Overall	88.5	4.0	3.5	1.1	2.8
Male	89.9	3.4	2.8	0.9	3.1
Female	87.3	4.6	4.2	1.3	2.5
8th Grade	89.2	4.1	3.6	0.9	2.1
10th Grade	88.0	4.4	3.6	1.1	2.8
12th Grade	88.3	3.5	3.3	1.2	3.7

PPR5: Friends’ Substance Use

Friends’ substance use was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have [used each substance]?”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that none of their closest friends had used (the “0 friends” column) and the proportion of students who reported each number of friends who used, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that at least one or more of their closest friends had used each substance, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR5: Friends’ Prescription Drug Misuse

Q24c. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used prescription drugs not prescribed to them?

Friends’ Prescription Drug Misuse (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	91.9	3.5	1.8	0.7	2.1
Male	92.9	2.9	1.6	0.7	1.9
Female	91.1	4.1	1.9	0.7	2.2
8th Grade	93.2	3.8	1.3	0.4	1.2
10th Grade	91.4	3.3	2.1	0.7	2.4
12th Grade	91.0	3.2	2.0	0.9	2.8

PPR5: Friends’ Alcohol Use

Q24a. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Friends’ Alcohol Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	66.6	11.2	7.6	3.2	11.4
Male	71.0	10.3	5.9	2.5	10.2
Female	62.3	12.2	9.3	3.7	12.6
8th Grade	77.1	11.7	4.9	1.5	4.7
10th Grade	67.5	11.0	7.4	3.3	10.7
12th Grade	53.4	10.9	10.8	4.9	20.0

Q25b. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have had 5 or more drinks on the same occasion?

Friends’ Binge Drinking (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	79.3	6.0	4.6	2.2	7.9
Male	81.6	5.2	3.7	1.9	7.5
Female	77.0	6.7	5.5	2.5	8.3
8th Grade	90.5	4.3	2.1	0.8	2.3
10th Grade	79.8	6.4	3.9	2.3	7.6
12th Grade	65.7	7.5	8.2	3.9	14.8

PPR5: Friends’ Tobacco Use

Q24d. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have smoked part or all of a cigarette?

Friends’ Cigarette Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	86.3	6.0	3.1	1.2	3.4
Male	87.6	4.8	3.0	1.1	3.5
Female	85.2	7.1	3.2	1.3	3.3
8th Grade	89.5	5.2	2.4	0.9	2.0
10th Grade	87.6	5.2	2.5	0.9	3.7
12th Grade	81.1	7.6	4.6	1.9	4.8

PPR5: Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device

Note: Please see the next section (Friends’ Marijuana Use) for friends’ use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q24e. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used a vaping device with nicotine?

Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	66.0	10.6	6.5	3.6	13.3
Male	70.2	9.3	5.3	2.8	12.4
Female	61.8	11.8	7.8	4.4	14.3
8th Grade	72.9	11.6	5.1	2.4	8.0
10th Grade	66.8	9.9	6.3	3.3	13.8
12th Grade	56.9	10.1	8.4	5.3	19.2

PPR5: Friends’ Marijuana Use

Q24f. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used a vaping device with marijuana?

Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	76.9	7.3	4.7	2.7	8.5
Male	79.3	6.2	4.4	2.4	7.8
Female	74.6	8.4	5.0	3.0	9.1
8th Grade	86.4	5.6	2.9	1.0	4.1
10th Grade	75.8	7.7	4.3	2.8	9.4
12th Grade	67.1	8.8	7.1	4.4	12.5

Q24g. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used marijuana or hashish some other way?

Friends’ Marijuana Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	80.0	6.7	3.7	2.0	7.6
Male	81.1	6.5	3.4	1.8	7.2
Female	79.0	6.9	4.0	2.1	7.9
8th Grade	89.2	4.8	1.9	0.8	3.2
10th Grade	79.8	6.8	3.3	2.0	8.2
12th Grade	69.3	8.8	6.4	3.3	12.1

PPR5: Parent, Peer, and Personal Disapproval of Alcohol and Other Drug Use

Parent, peer, and personal disapproval for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to…”, “How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to…”, and “How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “Not at all wrong” to “Very wrong.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“Not at all wrong,” “A little bit wrong,” “Wrong,” and “Very wrong”), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that it was either “Wrong” or “Very wrong,” shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR5: Parent Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q25g. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Parent Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.4	1.4	7.5	89.7
Male	1.7	1.6	7.7	89.0
Female	1.0	1.2	7.2	90.6
8th Grade	1.1	1.2	7.6	90.1
10th Grade	1.4	1.4	7.0	90.1
12th Grade	1.6	1.7	7.9	88.8

PPR5: Parent Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q26a. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to drink alcohol?

Parent Disapproval of Drinking Alcohol, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	5.0	15.2	20.2	59.6
Male	5.1	14.2	19.7	61.0
Female	4.8	16.2	20.6	58.4
8th Grade	2.6	10.5	18.5	68.4
10th Grade	5.0	14.7	20.7	59.6
12th Grade	7.8	21.4	21.5	49.3

Q26b. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Parent Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.7	3.1	11.9	83.3
Male	2.1	3.3	13.0	81.6
Female	1.3	2.8	10.8	85.1
8th Grade	1.0	2.2	9.5	87.4
10th Grade	1.7	2.6	11.6	84.0
12th Grade	2.6	4.6	15.2	77.6

PPR5: Parent Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q26c. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to smoke tobacco?

Parent Disapproval of Smoking Tobacco, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	1.6	3.2	12.4	82.8
Male	1.8	3.7	12.3	82.2
Female	1.3	2.7	12.5	83.5
8th Grade	0.8	1.9	9.5	87.9
10th Grade	1.6	3.3	12.4	82.7
12th Grade	2.5	4.7	15.9	76.9

PPR5: Parent Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Parent Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for parental disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q25d. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Parent Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.5	4.7	13.0	79.8
Male	2.5	4.4	12.7	80.4
Female	2.4	4.9	13.3	79.4
8th Grade	1.4	3.2	10.0	85.3
10th Grade	2.7	4.5	12.6	80.2
12th Grade	3.7	6.5	16.8	73.0

PPR5: Parent Disapproval of Marijuana

Q25e. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Parent Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.5	4.4	10.6	82.5
Male	2.7	4.1	10.5	82.8
Female	2.3	4.6	10.6	82.6
8th Grade	0.8	2.2	7.3	89.7
10th Grade	3.0	4.4	10.8	81.7
12th Grade	4.0	6.9	14.2	74.9

Q26g. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to smoke marijuana?

Parent Disapproval of Smoking Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	3.3	5.7	11.0	80.0
Male	3.6	5.4	10.7	80.3
Female	2.9	6.0	11.2	79.8
8th Grade	1.2	2.9	7.4	88.6
10th Grade	3.7	5.9	11.3	79.0
12th Grade	5.5	8.8	14.9	70.9

PPR5: Peer Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q26g. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Peer Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	6.6	6.0	18.2	69.2
Male	7.5	6.3	19.1	67.1
Female	5.6	5.7	17.3	71.4
8th Grade	4.9	6.4	18.5	70.1
10th Grade	7.0	5.6	17.8	69.6
12th Grade	8.2	6.0	18.3	67.5

PPR5: Peer Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q27a. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to drink alcohol?

Peer Disapproval of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	20.3	18.1	20.0	41.6
Male	19.1	17.0	20.5	43.3
Female	21.3	19.1	19.5	40.1
8th Grade	10.5	16.8	24.7	48.0
10th Grade	19.6	18.9	19.4	42.1
12th Grade	32.5	18.8	15.1	33.6

Q26b. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Peer Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	10.1	10.2	22.5	57.1
Male	11.1	10.2	22.6	56.1
Female	9.0	10.2	22.4	58.3
8th Grade	5.7	8.0	22.5	63.8
10th Grade	10.0	10.5	22.0	57.4
12th Grade	15.4	12.5	23.1	49.0

PPR5: Peer Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q26c. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to smoke tobacco?

Peer Disapproval of Tobacco Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	10.2	10.1	21.6	58.0
Male	11.0	9.9	21.9	57.2
Female	9.3	10.3	21.3	59.1
8th Grade	5.7	8.7	21.2	64.4
10th Grade	10.3	9.9	21.0	58.8
12th Grade	15.4	12.1	22.8	49.7

PPR5: Peer Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for peer disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q26d. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Peer Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	16.9	13.9	18.5	50.7
Male	15.9	12.4	19.6	52.2
Female	17.7	15.5	17.4	49.4
8th Grade	10.5	12.4	19.5	57.6
10th Grade	17.7	13.0	18.4	51.0
12th Grade	23.5	16.8	17.3	42.3

PPR5: Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use

Q26e. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Peer Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	15.7	11.3	17.7	55.3
Male	15.3	10.6	18.8	55.2
Female	15.9	11.9	16.6	55.6
8th Grade	7.7	9.2	17.7	65.5
10th Grade	16.7	10.8	18.2	54.3
12th Grade	23.9	14.3	17.2	44.6

Q26f. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to smoke marijuana?

Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	16.6	11.1	16.9	55.4
Male	16.8	10.7	17.5	54.9
Female	16.2	11.4	16.4	56.1
8th Grade	7.9	8.5	17.5	66.0
10th Grade	17.3	11.2	16.9	54.6
12th Grade	26.0	14.0	16.2	43.7

PPR5: Personal Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q27g. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use prescription drugs not prescribed them?

Personal Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	3.0	4.1	14.7	78.3
Male	3.2	3.7	14.6	78.5
Female	2.6	4.4	14.7	78.3
8th Grade	1.8	3.2	13.0	81.9
10th Grade	3.2	4.1	15.3	77.3
12th Grade	4.1	5.1	15.9	75.0

PPR5: Personal Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q27a. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to drink alcohol?

Personal Disapproval of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	9.1	17.5	22.9	50.5
Male	8.9	15.1	22.6	53.4
Female	9.3	19.8	23.1	47.9
8th Grade	3.5	11.1	22.5	62.9
10th Grade	7.9	18.5	24.1	49.6
12th Grade	17.3	23.9	22.1	36.7

Q27b. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Personal Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	4.0	6.6	18.6	70.7
Male	4.4	6.4	18.4	70.9
Female	3.6	6.9	18.8	70.7
8th Grade	1.9	3.8	14.5	79.8
10th Grade	4.2	7.2	18.9	69.8
12th Grade	6.5	9.5	23.2	60.8

PPR5: Personal Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q28b. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to smoke tobacco?

Personal Disapproval of Tobacco Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	4.8	7.9	19.9	67.4
Male	5.1	7.3	19.5	68.2
Female	4.5	8.5	20.3	66.7
8th Grade	2.0	4.7	15.7	77.6
10th Grade	5.0	8.1	20.8	66.1
12th Grade	8.0	11.6	23.9	56.5

PPR5: Personal Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for personal disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q27d. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Personal Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	7.6	11.5	20.1	60.8
Male	6.9	9.6	19.3	64.2
Female	8.3	13.3	20.8	57.6
8th Grade	3.6	8.4	17.4	70.7
10th Grade	7.8	11.4	21.0	59.7
12th Grade	12.3	15.3	22.2	50.2

PPR5: Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use

Q27e. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Personal Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	8.1	10.3	17.4	64.2
Male	7.5	9.4	17.2	65.8
Female	8.6	11.1	17.6	62.8
8th Grade	3.1	5.9	13.2	77.8
10th Grade	8.7	10.5	19.0	61.8
12th Grade	13.6	15.2	20.7	50.5

Q27f. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use marijuana (some other way)?

Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	9.3	10.6	16.8	63.3
Male	9.0	10.0	16.6	64.4
Female	9.4	11.1	17.0	62.5
8th Grade	3.4	5.6	12.8	78.2
10th Grade	9.8	10.8	18.7	60.7
12th Grade	15.8	16.3	19.5	48.4

PPR5: Perception of Risk

Perception of risk for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “No risk” to “Great risk.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“No risk,” “Slight risk,” “Moderate risk,” and “Great risk”), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported either “Moderate risk” or “Great risk,” shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR5: Perceived Risk of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q28h. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use prescription drugs that are not prescribed to them?

Perceived Risk of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	7.3	6.2	15.3	71.2
Male	8.8	6.3	16.1	68.9
Female	5.8	6.1	14.5	73.7
8th Grade	6.6	7.3	15.7	70.4
10th Grade	7.5	5.5	15.7	71.3
12th Grade	7.9	5.6	14.4	72.0

PPR5: Perceived Risk of Alcohol Use

Q28a. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they drink alcohol?

Perceived Risk of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	8.6	22.5	32.9	36.0
Male	10.8	22.4	31.0	35.7
Female	6.4	22.5	34.7	36.4
8th Grade	7.3	24.0	32.9	35.8
10th Grade	8.8	19.6	33.4	38.2
12th Grade	10.0	23.9	32.2	33.8

Q28b. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they have five or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage (beer, wine, liquor) once or twice a week?

Perceived Risk of Regular Binge Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	7.2	8.9	23.3	60.5
Male	9.0	9.4	23.9	57.6
Female	5.3	8.4	22.8	63.5
8th Grade	6.6	8.6	23.6	61.2
10th Grade	7.1	8.5	22.1	62.3
12th Grade	8.0	9.8	24.4	57.8

PPR5: Perceived Risk of Tobacco Use

Q28c. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they smoke one or more packs of cigarettes a day?

Perceived Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes a Day, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	7.9	7.3	16.9	67.8
Male	9.9	7.5	17.4	65.2
Female	5.9	7.2	16.4	70.5
8th Grade	6.7	7.1	16.3	69.9
10th Grade	8.0	7.0	16.3	68.7
12th Grade	9.3	8.0	18.3	64.3

PPR5: Perceived Risk of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Perceived Risk of Marijuana Use) for perceived risk of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q28d. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use a vaping device with nicotine?

Perceived Risk of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	9.3	16.0	26.7	48.0
Male	11.2	15.6	25.5	47.7
Female	7.5	16.4	27.7	48.5
8th Grade	7.6	14.5	25.9	52.0
10th Grade	9.4	15.8	26.6	48.3
12th Grade	11.4	18.0	27.6	43.0

PPR5: Perceived Risk of Marijuana Use

Q28e. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use a vaping device with marijuana?

Perceived Risk of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	10.8	16.3	23.4	49.5
Male	12.9	16.3	22.6	48.2
Female	8.6	16.3	24.1	51.1
8th Grade	7.8	11.4	21.8	59.1
10th Grade	11.3	16.6	23.8	48.3
12th Grade	13.7	21.9	24.8	39.6

Q28f. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they try marijuana once or twice?

Perceived Risk of Trying Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	21.8	20.6	18.3	39.3
Male	24.4	20.0	17.2	38.3
Female	19.1	21.1	19.3	40.5
8th Grade	13.7	19.8	20.7	45.8
10th Grade	23.4	20.4	17.7	38.5
12th Grade	29.7	21.8	16.0	32.5

Q28g. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they smoke marijuana once or twice a week?

Perceived Risk of Regular Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	14.5	15.9	21.5	48.1
Male	17.0	16.4	20.5	46.1
Female	11.9	15.5	22.5	50.1
8th Grade	9.0	12.2	21.0	57.8
10th Grade	15.5	15.8	22.5	46.3
12th Grade	19.9	20.5	21.2	38.4

PPR5: Psychological Distress

Psychological distress was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-6). This six-item scale asked students how often they have had six different feelings in the past 30 days.

The first six tables display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each likert response option (“None of the time”, “A little of the time”, Some of the time”, “Most of the time”, “All of the time”), for each of the scale items, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graph displays the weighted average scale score, shown by gender and grade level. Scale scores were calculated by adding up each respondent’s responses to the six items where a response of “None of the time” was 0 points; “A little of the time” 1 point; “Some of the time” 2 points; “Most of the time” 3 points; and “All of the time” 4 points. For example, if a student reported feeling each of the six feelings “All of the time” s/he would have a K-6 scale score of 24. Therefore, higher scores on this scale indicate greater psychological distress. Each bar in the bar graph also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

The final table in the section displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) for each level of psychological distress (low, moderate, and high). Research has shown that psychological distress scale scores of low (0-7 points), moderate (8-12 points), or high (13-24 points) are correlated with low, moderate, or high probabilities of mental health disorders such as mood and anxiety disorders and suicide ideation, for example.

PPR5: Feeling Nervous

Q29a. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt nervous?

Feeling Nervous in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	23.6	19.8	27.6	15.5	13.5
Male	32.6	24.3	25.5	9.9	7.6
Female	14.8	15.5	29.8	20.9	19.0
8th Grade	23.2	24.1	26.8	14.2	11.7
10th Grade	22.7	17.7	28.5	16.6	14.5
12th Grade	25.0	16.9	27.6	15.9	14.5

PPR5: Feeling Hopeless

Q29b. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt hopeless?

Feeling Hopeless in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	48.9	17.4	16.4	9.1	8.2
Male	57.6	16.9	12.5	6.8	6.2
Female	40.5	18.1	20.4	11.2	9.9
8th Grade	51.0	18.9	14.1	8.4	7.6
10th Grade	47.3	16.3	17.6	9.6	9.2
12th Grade	48.0	17.0	18.0	9.3	7.7

PPR5: Feeling Restless or Fidgety

Q29c. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt restless or fidgety?

Feeling Restless or Fidgety in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	32.6	16.0	17.6	16.1	17.7
Male	41.5	16.5	16.2	12.7	13.1
Female	24.0	15.6	19.0	19.4	21.9
8th Grade	36.0	16.2	16.4	15.1	16.4
10th Grade	29.6	15.1	17.0	17.3	21.0
12th Grade	32.0	16.8	19.8	15.9	15.7

PPR5: Feeling Depressed

Q29d. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt so depressed that nothing could cheer you up?

Feeling So Depressed that Nothing Could Cheer You Up in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	57.4	15.9	13.4	6.7	6.5
Male	66.3	13.5	10.3	5.0	4.9
Female	48.9	18.2	16.5	8.4	8.0
8th Grade	61.4	15.3	11.4	5.8	6.0
10th Grade	55.4	15.5	14.4	7.3	7.5
12th Grade	54.8	17.0	14.9	7.2	6.1

PPR5: Feeling That Everything Was an Effort

Q29e. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt that everything was an effort?

Feeling That Everything Was an Effort in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	41.8	17.6	16.5	12.0	12.0
Male	50.8	17.5	14.2	9.0	8.6
Female	33.2	17.8	18.9	15.0	15.1
8th Grade	46.7	18.3	14.7	10.7	9.7
10th Grade	39.4	16.3	16.9	12.8	14.6
12th Grade	38.7	18.3	18.3	12.8	11.9

PPR5: Feeling Worthless

Q29f. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt worthless?

Feeling Worthless in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	55.6	13.9	12.0	7.9	10.5
Male	65.1	12.0	9.7	4.9	8.2
Female	46.6	15.8	14.3	10.8	12.6
8th Grade	58.5	13.7	9.6	7.9	10.2
10th Grade	53.7	13.6	12.9	8.2	11.6
12th Grade	54.2	14.5	14.0	7.5	9.8

PPR5: K-6 Average Scale Score

PPR5: K-6 Levels of Pyschological Distress

Level of Psychological Distress, by Gender and Grade

	Low	Moderate	High
Overall	56.2	18.6	25.2
Male	66.8	16.1	17.1
Female	46.0	21.0	33.0
8th Grade	60.1	18.0	21.8
10th Grade	52.3	19.2	28.5
12th Grade	55.8	18.5	25.8

PPR5: Suicide Ideation

Suicide ideation was measured using students’ responses to two questions: (Q30) “In the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?” and (Q31) “In the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?”

The bar graphs for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who responded “Yes”, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

Q30. In the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?

Q31. In the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?

PPR5: Family Communication about Substance Use

Family communication about substance use for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of… [substance use]? By parents, we mean your adult guardians, whether they live with you or not.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no conversations (the “No” column), one conversation (the “Yes” column), and multiple conversations (the “Yes, more than once” column), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported at least one or more conversations, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR5: Family Communication about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q34. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Family Communication about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	59.2	30.2	10.6
Male	61.0	28.5	10.5
Female	57.3	31.9	10.7
8th Grade	58.5	30.6	11.0
10th Grade	56.4	31.6	12.0
12th Grade	63.2	28.0	8.8

PPR5: Family Communication about the Dangers of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug (ATOD) Use

Q32. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of tobacco, alcohol, or drug use?

Family Communication about the Dangers of ATOD Use, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	45.6	38.1	16.2
Male	48.4	35.8	15.8
Female	42.8	40.6	16.7
8th Grade	43.1	38.7	18.2
10th Grade	43.4	39.3	17.3
12th Grade	51.2	36.2	12.6

PPR5: Family Communication about the Dangers of Vaping

Q33. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of vaping?

Family Communication about the Dangers of Vaping, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	49.8	36.7	13.5
Male	53.0	34.0	13.1
Female	46.5	39.6	13.9
8th Grade	47.0	38.5	14.5
10th Grade	47.1	38.2	14.8
12th Grade	56.2	33.0	10.8

PPR5: Exposure to Prevention and Other Messaging

Exposure to prevention messaging was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 12 months, do you recall hearing, reading, or watching an advertisement about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?” Exposure to other messaging was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 12 months, do you recall seeing anything online or on social media encouraging underage drinking, vaping, marijuana, or other drug use?”

The tables for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no exposure (the “No” column), one exposure (the “Yes” column), and multiple exposures (the “Yes, more than once” column), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported at least one or more exposures, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR5: Exposure to Prevention Messaging about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q35. During the past 12 months, do you recall hearing, reading, or watching an advertisement about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Exposure to Prevention Messaging about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	46.5	36.2	17.3
Male	48.4	34.2	17.4
Female	44.6	38.3	17.0
8th Grade	43.5	36.3	20.2
10th Grade	44.7	37.0	18.3
12th Grade	52.0	35.4	12.6

PPR5: Exposure to Online Messaging Encouraging Underage Substance Use

Q36. During the past 12 months, do you recall seeing anything online or on social media encouraging underage drinking, vaping, marijuana, or other drug use?

Exposure to Online Messaging Encouraging Underage Substance Use, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	61.8	24.8	13.4
Male	65.5	22.3	12.2
Female	58.0	27.4	14.6
8th Grade	63.6	22.2	14.2
10th Grade	58.4	26.7	14.8
12th Grade	63.2	25.8	11.0

End of Planning and Policy Region 5 results.

TDMHSAS Behavioral Health Planning and Policy Region 6 (PPR6) Data

PPR6: Participating Counties

Unweighted and Weighted Samples, by County

County	Unweighted Sample (n)	Weighted Sample (n)	Proportion of Weighted Total
Fayette	28	137	0.7%
Gibson	431	2,797	13.6%
Henry	797	4,924	24.0%
Obion	318	1,884	9.2%
Tipton	1,192	6,893	33.6%
Weakley	630	3,889	18.9%
Total	3,396	20,524	100.0%

PPR6: Demographic Characteristics of the Unweighted Sample

Percent of Sample, by Race/Ethnicity

Race/Ethnicity	Percent
American Indian/Alaska Native	2.5%
Asian/Pacific Islander	2.0%
Black/African American	20.4%
Hispanic	5.6%
More than one race	8.5%
Other race	3.2%
White	77.5%

Percent of Sample, by Age

Age	Percent
10	0.2%
11	0.0%
12	0.1%
13	24.2%
14	18.1%
15	16.1%
16	13.9%
17	16.1%
18	11.4%

Percent of Sample, by Grade Level

Grade	Percent
8th	44.5%
10th	29.0%
12th	26.5%

Percent of Sample, by Gender

Gender	Percent
Male	49.8%
Female	47.3%
Other	3.0%

Notes: For the race/ethnicity question, students could select multiple options, so the sum of all percentages may exceed 100%.

PPR6: Lifetime Substance Use

Lifetime substance use was defined as using a substance at least once. Students were asked a yes or no question, “Have you ever used…” for each substance.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported any lifetime use of each substance, shown by gender and grade. Each bar in the bar graphs also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR6: Lifetime Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7: Have you ever used prescription drugs not prescribed to you or just to get high? Prescription drugs include drugs that require a doctor’s prescription to purchase or consume like OxyContin, Percocet, Vicodin, Codeine, Adderall, Ritalin, Xanax, Klonopin, Benzos, Valium, Ativan, and Gabapentin. These do not include over-the-counter medicines.

Q7A_1: Have you ever used prescription stimulants not prescribed to you or just to get high? (e.g., Dexadrine, Adderall, Ritalin, or Concerta)

Q7B_1. Have you ever used prescription pain medications not prescribed to you or just to get high? (e.g., Vicodin, Oxycontin, Morphine, or Demerol)

PPR6: Lifetime Alcohol Use

Q5: Have you ever had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage? Alcoholic beverages include beer, wine, wine coolers, malt beverages, and liquor.

Q6: Have you ever had five or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage on the same occasion? Alcoholic beverages include beer, wine, wine coolers, malt beverages, and liquor.

PPR6: Lifetime Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8: Have you ever used over-the-counter drugs to get high or in a way other than directed? (e.g., cough/cold medicines, diet pills, stay-awake pills, or laxatives)

PPR6: Lifetime Cigarette Use

Q9: Have you ever smoked part or all of a cigarette? Cigarettes include menthol cigarettes, regular cigarettes, and loose tobacco rolled in cigarettes. This does not include e-cigarettes.

PPR6: Lifetime Use of a Vaping Device

Note: For lifetime use of a vaping device with marijuana, please see the Marijuana section below.

Q10: Have you ever used a vaping device with nicotine? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Q11: Have you ever used a vaping device with flavoring only? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Created Variable: Any lifetime vaping (including nicotine, flavoring, and/or marijuana)

PPR6: Lifetime Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12: Have you ever used smokeless tobacco? Smokeless tobacco can be known as chewing tobacco, spit tobacco, chew, snuff, pinch, or dip.

PPR6: Lifetime Marijuana Use

Q13: Have you ever used marijuana or hashish? Marijuana or hashish can be known as grass, pot, weed, hash, hash oil, or edibles.

Q13A_1. Have you ever vaped marijuana? A vaping device includes electronic cigarettes also known as e-cigarettes, hookah pens, e-hookahs, or vape pipes.

Q13B_1. Have you ever smoked marijuana?

Q13C. Have you ever eaten marijuana or THC edibles? Marijuana and THC edibles include Delta-8 and other edible marijuana.

PPR6: Lifetime Methamphetamine Use

Q14: Have you ever used methamphetamines? Methamphetamines can be known as crank, meth, blue, ice, or crystal.

PPR6: Lifetime Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15: Have you ever used any other illegal drugs? Other illegal drugs include substances like crack or powder cocaine, heroin, inhalants, barbiturates, steroids, etc.

PPR6: Age of Initiation of Substances

Age of initiation was defined as the age at which a student first used a given substance. Students who reported lifetime use were asked, “How old were you when you first used…” for each substance. Tables and bar graphs are only displayed in this section if there were students who reported lifetime use of a given substance.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no substance initiation (the “Never” column) and the percent of students who reported initiation at each age, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the weighted average age of initiation, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar in the bar graphs also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR6: Age of Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7a: How old were you when you first used prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Initiation of Prescription Drug Misuse at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	94.4	1.0	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.5	1.1	0.8	0.7	0.5	0.3	0.1
Male	94.3	1.5	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.4	0.4	0.1
Female	94.6	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.6	1.4	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.2	0.0
8th Grade	95.2	0.8	0.2	0.7	0.7	0.4	1.5	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	94.7	1.5	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.4	1.2	0.6	1.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
12th Grade	93.2	0.7	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.5	0.5	1.5	1.1	1.3	0.7	0.1

PPR6: Age of Initiation of Alcohol Use

Q5a: How old were you when you first had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Initiation of Alcohol Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	62.1	3.4	0.8	1.6	2.0	3.4	5.4	5.0	7.2	5.3	2.7	1.1
Male	64.0	3.7	0.9	1.6	1.7	2.8	4.6	4.0	7.1	5.9	2.5	1.2
Female	60.1	3.1	0.7	1.6	2.3	4.0	6.1	6.1	7.2	4.7	3.0	1.0
8th Grade	77.6	3.2	1.1	1.7	3.4	4.0	5.9	2.5	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.4
10th Grade	60.6	4.3	0.8	1.6	1.6	3.2	6.2	6.9	12.1	2.4	0.3	0.1
12th Grade	46.8	2.9	0.5	1.5	0.8	2.8	3.9	5.9	9.5	14.1	8.3	2.9

PPR6: Age of Initiation of Binge Drinking

Q6a: How old were you when you first had five or more drinks on the same occasion?

Initiation of Binge Drinking at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	84.4	0.7	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.9	1.5	2.4	3.1	3.5	2.1	0.8
Male	84.1	0.8	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.7	1.1	2.2	3.3	4.1	2.0	1.1
Female	84.8	0.4	0.0	0.2	0.4	1.2	1.9	2.6	2.9	3.0	2.3	0.4
8th Grade	95.5	0.5	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.9	1.6	0.8	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	84.8	1.1	0.0	0.1	0.7	1.4	2.2	3.0	4.5	1.5	0.3	0.3
12th Grade	71.8	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.5	3.4	4.8	9.5	6.4	1.9

PPR6: Age of Initiation of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8a: How old were you when you first used over-the-counter drugs?

Initiation of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	93.8	1.8	0.3	0.5	0.2	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.1
Male	94.2	2.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.2
Female	93.4	1.2	0.2	0.7	0.2	0.9	1.2	1.1	0.8	0.2	0.2	0.0
8th Grade	93.5	2.3	0.4	0.9	0.4	0.7	1.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	93.3	2.1	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.6	0.8	1.2	0.9	0.2	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	94.5	1.0	0.0	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.4	1.3	0.8	0.4	0.5	0.1

PPR6: Age of Initiation of Cigarette Use

Q9a: How old were you when you first smoked part or all of a cigarette?

Initiation of Cigarette Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	85.1	1.7	0.8	0.7	0.8	1.6	1.9	2.4	2.3	1.5	0.8	0.4
Male	84.9	2.2	0.7	0.5	0.7	1.4	1.7	2.4	2.6	1.5	1.0	0.5
Female	85.4	1.2	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.8	2.2	2.4	1.9	1.4	0.7	0.2
8th Grade	92.1	1.6	0.7	0.7	0.9	2.0	1.2	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	84.1	1.7	0.9	0.9	1.2	1.3	2.3	3.7	2.7	1.2	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	78.7	1.9	0.7	0.5	0.4	1.5	2.2	3.1	4.2	3.3	2.6	0.9

PPR6: Age of Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device

Q10a: How old were you when you first used a vaping device with nicotine?

Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	62.8	2.3	0.5	1.0	1.6	3.6	6.9	5.9	5.4	4.3	2.3	3.4
Male	64.6	3.2	0.5	0.7	1.0	2.7	6.4	5.0	5.6	4.0	2.0	4.2
Female	60.9	1.3	0.5	1.2	2.2	4.5	7.5	6.9	5.1	4.7	2.7	2.6
8th Grade	73.6	2.1	0.9	1.5	2.8	5.2	7.8	2.1	0.3	0.0	0.0	3.6
10th Grade	62.2	2.7	0.3	1.1	1.5	3.6	7.9	7.6	7.9	2.3	0.1	2.6
12th Grade	51.9	2.0	0.2	0.2	0.4	1.8	5.1	8.3	8.1	10.9	7.1	4.0

Q11a: How old were you when you first used a vaping device with flavoring only?

Initiation of Use of a Vaping Device with Flavoring Only at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	81.9	0.5	0.3	0.7	1.0	2.1	3.7	3.4	2.9	2.2	0.9	0.3
Male	84.3	0.6	0.4	0.6	0.5	1.6	3.0	2.9	2.9	2.1	0.8	0.4
Female	79.6	0.3	0.2	0.9	1.4	2.7	4.4	3.9	2.9	2.4	1.0	0.3
8th Grade	84.8	0.2	0.5	1.0	1.7	3.5	5.5	2.5	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	81.4	0.8	0.0	1.0	0.9	1.9	4.0	4.1	4.7	1.1	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	79.5	0.4	0.4	0.1	0.4	1.0	1.4	3.6	3.8	5.7	2.8	1.0

PPR6: Age of Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12a: How old were you when you first used smokeless tobacco?

Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	93.5	0.6	0.3	0.5	0.2	0.6	1.1	1.0	0.9	0.8	0.3	0.3
Male	90.6	0.9	0.3	0.8	0.3	0.8	1.3	1.6	1.3	1.3	0.5	0.4
Female	96.6	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.7	0.5	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.2
8th Grade	96.7	0.5	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.7	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	93.7	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.2	0.4	1.2	1.1	1.0	0.3	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	90.0	0.6	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.6	1.0	2.0	1.7	2.0	0.8	0.7

PPR6: Age of Initiation of Marijuana Use

Q13a: How old were you when you first used marijuana?

Initiation of Marijuana Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	81.9	0.6	0.2	0.2	0.5	1.4	2.8	3.0	4.0	3.7	1.3	0.5
Male	83.6	0.7	0.2	0.1	0.4	0.8	2.1	2.3	3.9	3.5	1.6	0.7
Female	80.2	0.4	0.1	0.2	0.5	2.1	3.6	3.7	4.0	3.8	1.1	0.3
8th Grade	92.7	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.5	2.0	3.1	0.7	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	81.1	1.0	0.0	0.1	0.7	1.4	2.9	3.6	6.1	3.0	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	71.2	0.5	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.9	2.5	4.9	5.9	8.3	4.2	1.1

PPR6: Age of Initiation of Methamphetamine Use

Q14a: How old were you when you first used methamphetamines?

Initiation of Methamphetamine Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	98.8	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Male	98.4	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0
Female	99.3	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.1	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	98.7	1.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	98.6	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0

PPR6: Age of Initiation of Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15a: How old were you when you first used other illegal drugs?

Initiation of Other Illegal Drug Use at Each Age, by Gender and Grade

	Never	Age 8 or younger	Age 9	Age 10	Age 11	Age 12	Age 13	Age 14	Age 15	Age 16	Age 17	Age 18 or older
Overall	97.8	0.5	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.1	0.1
Male	97.7	0.8	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.2	0.0
Female	98.1	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1
8th Grade	98.8	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	97.7	0.5	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.0	0.0
12th Grade	97.0	0.5	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.5	0.4	0.8	0.4	0.1

PPR6: Past 30-Day Substance Use and High-Frequency Use

Past 30-day use was defined as using a substance at least once in the past 30 days. Students who reported lifetime use of a substance were asked to report the number of times they used in the past 30 days.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no past 30-day substance use (the “0 days” column) and the proportion of students who reported each frequency of use, shown by gender and grade level.

The first bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported any past 30-day use of each substance, shown by gender and grade level. The second bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported high-frequency use, out of students who reported past 30-day use. High-frequency use is defined as having used on six or more days. High-frequency use bars can be interpreted as, “of those students who used [substance] in the past 30 days, [x]% used with high-frequency (i.e., on six or more days).” On the bar graphs, each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR6: Past 30-Day Prescription Drug Misuse

Q7b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Prescription Drug Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	96.2	1.6	0.9	0.3	0.5	0.1	0.4
Male	96.0	1.7	0.8	0.2	0.6	0.1	0.6
Female	96.4	1.6	1.0	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.2
8th Grade	95.5	2.1	1.2	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.5
10th Grade	97.0	0.8	1.1	0.2	0.5	0.0	0.3
12th Grade	96.0	2.0	0.4	0.4	0.6	0.2	0.4

Q7A_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription stimulants?

Prescription Stimulant Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	98.9	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.3
Male	98.6	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.5
Female	99.4	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0
8th Grade	98.9	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.4
10th Grade	99.1	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	98.8	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1

Q7B_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use prescription pain medications?

Prescription Pain Medication Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	98.1	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.4
Male	98.0	0.5	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.6
Female	98.3	0.6	0.7	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	97.9	0.8	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.4
10th Grade	98.5	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.3
12th Grade	97.7	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.3	0.0	0.4

PPR6: Past 30-Day Alcohol Use

Q5b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Alcohol Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	85.9	8.3	2.2	1.4	1.0	0.4	0.8
Male	85.9	7.3	2.1	1.9	1.2	0.2	1.2
Female	86.0	9.4	2.3	0.9	0.7	0.5	0.2
8th Grade	93.3	4.4	0.8	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.9
10th Grade	87.2	7.2	2.6	1.7	0.7	0.0	0.6
12th Grade	76.7	13.7	3.4	2.6	2.1	0.7	0.8

PPR6: Past 30-Day Binge Drinking

Q6b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you have five or more drinks on the same occasion?

Binge Drinking in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	93.2	3.3	1.6	0.9	0.5	0.1	0.4
Male	92.3	3.2	1.7	1.4	0.6	0.1	0.7
Female	94.3	3.4	1.5	0.3	0.4	0.1	0.0
8th Grade	98.0	1.1	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.2
10th Grade	93.8	2.4	1.9	0.9	0.4	0.0	0.6
12th Grade	87.3	6.7	2.6	1.7	1.1	0.3	0.4

PPR6: Past 30-Day Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse

Q8b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use over-the-counter drugs?

Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	96.5	1.3	0.7	0.1	0.4	0.3	0.7
Male	97.0	1.0	0.5	0.1	0.4	0.2	0.8
Female	96.1	1.7	0.9	0.1	0.4	0.4	0.5
8th Grade	96.0	2.0	0.9	0.0	0.4	0.1	0.5
10th Grade	96.0	1.2	1.0	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.9
12th Grade	97.5	0.7	0.2	0.0	0.4	0.6	0.6

PPR6: Past 30-Day Cigarette Use

Q9b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke part or all of a cigarette?

Cigarette Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	95.8	1.7	0.8	0.2	0.5	0.2	0.8
Male	94.7	1.8	1.1	0.3	0.7	0.3	1.0
Female	97.0	1.6	0.5	0.0	0.3	0.1	0.5
8th Grade	98.0	0.9	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.4
10th Grade	95.4	2.1	0.7	0.2	0.6	0.1	0.9
12th Grade	93.8	2.2	1.3	0.2	0.8	0.5	1.1

PPR6: Past 30-Day Use of a Vaping Device

Note: For past 30-day use of a vaping device with marijuana, please see the Marijuana section below.

Q10b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use a vaping device with nicotine?

Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	83.0	3.2	1.6	1.0	1.9	1.1	8.2
Male	84.7	3.3	0.8	0.8	1.7	1.2	7.5
Female	81.4	3.1	2.3	1.2	2.1	1.0	8.9
8th Grade	90.3	3.4	1.7	0.9	1.2	0.4	2.2
10th Grade	82.3	2.5	1.8	1.3	2.1	1.3	8.7
12th Grade	76.3	3.7	1.2	0.8	2.4	1.7	14.0

Q11b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use a vaping device with flavoring only?

Use of a Vaping Device with Flavoring Only in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	91.9	2.4	1.1	0.8	0.6	0.6	2.7
Male	93.3	1.9	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	2.4
Female	90.5	2.9	1.4	1.0	0.6	0.5	3.1
8th Grade	93.7	3.0	1.0	0.6	0.5	0.2	0.9
10th Grade	90.9	1.8	1.0	1.3	0.4	0.9	3.7
12th Grade	91.0	2.3	1.1	0.6	0.7	0.6	3.6

Created Variable: Any past 30-day use of a vaping device (with nicotine, flavoring, and/or marijuana)

PPR6: Past 30-Day Smokeless Tobacco Use

Q12b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use smokeless tobacco?

Smokeless Tobacco Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	98.0	0.6	0.3	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.6
Male	96.6	0.8	0.6	0.2	0.5	0.2	1.1
Female	99.5	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.5	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	98.4	0.4	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.7
12th Grade	96.0	1.0	0.7	0.2	0.6	0.4	1.1

PPR6: Past 30-Day Marijuana Use

Q13b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use marijuana?

Marijuana Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	88.1	3.9	1.9	1.3	1.6	0.9	2.3
Male	89.5	3.2	1.4	1.2	1.4	1.0	2.4
Female	86.8	4.6	2.4	1.4	1.8	0.8	2.1
8th Grade	95.1	2.2	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.1	0.3
10th Grade	86.9	3.8	2.1	1.2	2.3	1.4	2.4
12th Grade	82.1	5.7	2.8	1.9	1.9	1.2	4.3

Q13A_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you vape marijuana?

Marijuana Vaping in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	90.9	2.5	1.4	1.3	1.5	0.8	1.6
Male	91.8	2.3	1.1	1.2	1.7	0.7	1.3
Female	90.2	2.8	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.0	1.8
8th Grade	96.4	1.5	0.7	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.5
10th Grade	89.8	2.3	1.1	2.0	1.9	1.3	1.6
12th Grade	86.5	3.8	2.2	1.5	2.3	1.1	2.7

Q13B_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke marijuana?

Marijuana Smoking in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	92.3	2.1	1.0	1.1	1.3	0.7	1.5
Male	93.3	1.5	1.0	0.9	1.2	0.5	1.7
Female	91.3	2.8	1.1	1.3	1.3	0.8	1.4
8th Grade	97.3	1.1	0.6	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.3
10th Grade	91.3	1.6	1.2	1.4	2.1	1.0	1.4
12th Grade	88.0	3.7	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.0	3.0

Q13C_2: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use marijuana or TCH edibles?

Marijuana or THC Edible Consumption in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	95.2	1.9	0.8	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.7
Male	96.0	1.2	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.8
Female	94.5	2.5	1.1	0.7	0.3	0.2	0.7
8th Grade	98.1	0.9	0.2	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.5
10th Grade	94.9	1.7	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.4	0.7
12th Grade	92.6	3.0	1.4	0.9	0.6	0.4	1.1

PPR6: Past 30-Day Methamphetamine Use

Q14b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use methamphetamines?

Methamphetamine Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.5
Male	99.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.8
Female	99.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.7	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2
10th Grade	99.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.6
12th Grade	99.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.6

PPR6: Past 30-Day Other Illegal Drug Use

Q15b: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use cocaine (crack, etc.)?

Cocaine Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.4	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2
Male	99.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.3
Female	99.8	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.7	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.3	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.3
12th Grade	99.4	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1

Q15c: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use inhalants (glue, gas, etc.)?

Inhalant Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Male	99.3	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2
Female	99.8	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.3	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1
12th Grade	99.2	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1

Q15d: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use hallucinogens (PCP, LSD, etc.)?

Hallucinogen Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.2	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2
Male	99.1	0.1	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.3
Female	99.3	0.5	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0
8th Grade	99.8	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.0	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.4
12th Grade	98.8	0.5	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.1

Q17h: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use heroin (opiates, etc.)?

Heroin Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.6	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2
Male	99.3	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.4
Female	99.9	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
10th Grade	99.4	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.3
12th Grade	99.4	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.4

Q15f: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use steroids?

Steroid Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.4	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2
Male	99.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.3
Female	99.6	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
8th Grade	99.8	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.4
12th Grade	99.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.4	0.0	0.3

Q15g: During the past 30 days, on how many days did you use ecstasy (MDMA, Molly)?

Ecstasy Use in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	0 days	1-2 days	3-5 days	6-9 days	10-19 days	20-29 days	All 30 days
Overall	99.5	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
Male	99.3	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2
Female	99.7	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
8th Grade	99.8	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
10th Grade	99.1	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2
12th Grade	99.6	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1

PPR6: Perceived Access to Substances

Access to each substance was defined using students’ responses to the question, “How easy is it to get…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “Very easy” to “Very difficult.” If they did not know, they could select “Don’t know.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“Very easy,” “Fairly easy,” “Fairly difficult,” and “Very difficult”), shown by gender and grade level. Students who responded “Don’t know” were excluded from these proportion calculations.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that it was either “Fairly difficult” or “Very difficult” to obtain each substance, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR6: Access to Prescription Drugs

Q16e. How easy is it to get prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Perceived Access to Prescription Drugs, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	25.0	20.6	16.6	37.8
Male	22.1	19.1	20.2	38.7
Female	27.4	21.9	13.6	37.2
8th Grade	25.8	17.9	16.3	39.9
10th Grade	23.3	23.2	13.7	39.8
12th Grade	25.9	20.5	19.9	33.6

PPR6: Access to Alcohol

Q16a. How easy is it to get alcohol (beer, coolers, liquor, etc.)?

Perceived Access to Alcohol, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	29.1	36.6	16.8	17.5
Male	26.9	34.2	20.0	18.9
Female	31.0	38.7	14.1	16.2
8th Grade	25.2	30.2	19.2	25.3
10th Grade	24.9	40.7	15.8	18.6
12th Grade	35.4	37.7	16.0	10.9

PPR6: Access to Tobacco Products

Q16b. How easy is it to get tobacco products (cigarettes, dip, etc.)?

Perceived Access to Tobacco Products, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	24.1	28.9	16.9	30.1
Male	25.8	29.0	15.9	29.3
Female	22.4	28.8	17.9	30.9
8th Grade	19.5	21.7	16.5	42.3
10th Grade	19.1	30.3	18.5	32.1
12th Grade	31.7	33.1	16.0	19.2

PPR6: Access to Vaping Devices

Q16c. How easy is it to get vaping devices (JUULs, vape pens, e-cigarettes)?

Perceived Access to Vaping Devices, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	40.5	27.8	11.2	20.5
Male	39.6	27.4	10.6	22.3
Female	41.2	28.2	11.6	19.0
8th Grade	28.9	23.5	17.2	30.4
10th Grade	40.2	29.9	10.0	19.8
12th Grade	49.6	29.3	7.5	13.6

PPR6: Access to Marijuana

Q16d. How easy is it to get marijuana (e.g., pot, hash, edibles)?

Perceived Access to Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Very easy	Fairly easy	Fairly difficult	Very difficult
Overall	27.0	21.5	15.2	36.3
Male	26.3	20.3	15.7	37.6
Female	27.5	22.5	14.8	35.2
8th Grade	13.2	10.9	15.7	60.2
10th Grade	27.9	23.3	14.7	34.1
12th Grade	36.7	28.0	15.2	20.0

PPR6: Sources for Obtaining Substances

Sources for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 30 days, if you used… in which ways (if any) did you get…?” This question was asked for prescription drugs, alcohol, marijuana/THC, and vaping devices/substances. Students who reported past 30-day use were asked to select all of their sources. If a student did not use in the past 30 days, they were not asked to report sources and they are not included in these calculations.

The bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students who reported each source, provided that they responded to the question. Therefore, each data point can be interpreted as, “the percent of students who obtained substances from each source out of those who reported at least one source.” The number of students who selected at least one source is included in the title of the graph. Students could select multiple sources, so percentages in the plots will not sum to 100 percent. Demographic breakdowns are not included for individual sources due to small sample sizes.

PPR6: Sources for Obtaining Prescription Drugs

Q19. During the past 30 days, if you used prescription drugs to get high, how did you get the drugs? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR6: Sources for Obtaining Alcohol

Q17. During the past 30 days, if you used alcohol, in which ways (if any) did you get alcohol? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR6: Sources for Obtaining Marijuana/THC

Q20. During the past 30 days, if you used marijuana/THC (through smoking, vaping, edibles, Delta-8, or any other way), how did you get it? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR6: Sources for Obtaining Vaping Devices and Substances

Q21. During the past 30 days, if you vaped, how did you get your vaping devices and substances? (Mark all that apply.)

PPR6: Students’ Ability to Purchase Alcohol

Students’ ability to purchase alcohol was assessed with a question asking if they were asked to show proof of age if they attempted to buy.

The bar graph displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who were asked to show proof of age out of those who reported attempting to buy. Each data point can be interpreted as, “the percent of students who were asked to show proof of age of those who reported attempting to buy alcohol in the past 30 days.” The number of students who responded to this question is included in the title of the graph. Demographic breakdowns are not included for this question due to small sample sizes.

Q18. If you bought or tried to buy alcohol yourself during the past 30 days, were you ever asked to show proof of age?

PPR6: Riding with Impaired Drivers

Riding with impaired drivers was defined as riding in a car with someone under the influence of each substance. Students who reported ever having ridden in a car with an impaired driver were asked to report the number of times they had done so in the past 30 days.

The first bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported ever riding in a car with an impaired driver (lifetime), shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no past 30-day substance use (the “0 times” column) and the proportion of students who reported each frequency, shown by gender and grade level.

The final bar graph for each substance displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported riding with an impaired driver in the past 30 days one or more times, shown by gender and grade level.

PPR6: Lifetime Riding with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver

Q22b. Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was taking or was under the influence of prescription drugs?

PPR6: Past 30-Day Riding with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23b. During the past 30 days, how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who was taking or was under the influence of prescription drugs?

Rode with a Prescription Drug-Impaired Driver (past 30 days), by Gender and Grade

	0 times	1 time	2 or 3 times	4 or 5 times	6 or more times
Overall	94.6	1.5	1.7	0.5	1.7
Male	95.5	1.1	1.3	0.5	1.7
Female	93.8	1.9	2.1	0.5	1.6
8th Grade	94.6	1.5	1.5	0.5	1.9
10th Grade	94.2	1.8	1.4	0.6	2.0
12th Grade	95.0	1.2	2.2	0.4	1.1

PPR6: Lifetime Riding with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23a. Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was intoxicated by alcohol or drugs?

PPR6: Past 30-Day Riding with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver

Q23a. During the past 30 days, how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who was intoxicated by alcohol or drugs?

Rode with an Alcohol- or Drug-Impaired Driver (past 30 days), by Gender and Grade

	0 times	1 time	2 or 3 times	4 or 5 times	6 or more times
Overall	83.7	5.8	5.5	1.5	3.5
Male	85.9	5.3	4.6	0.9	3.4
Female	81.6	6.3	6.5	2.1	3.6
8th Grade	87.2	5.1	4.1	1.0	2.6
10th Grade	83.4	6.3	4.7	1.8	3.8
12th Grade	80.6	5.9	7.7	1.7	4.1

PPR6: Friends’ Substance Use

Friends’ substance use was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have [used each substance]?”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that none of their closest friends had used (the “0 friends” column) and the proportion of students who reported each number of friends who used, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that at least one or more of their closest friends had used each substance, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR6: Friends’ Prescription Drug Misuse

Q24c. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used prescription drugs not prescribed to them?

Friends’ Prescription Drug Misuse (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	90.1	5.4	1.7	0.4	2.4
Male	91.3	4.2	1.7	0.3	2.5
Female	89.0	6.6	1.8	0.5	2.2
8th Grade	92.8	4.6	1.0	0.1	1.5
10th Grade	89.3	4.6	2.8	0.5	2.8
12th Grade	88.0	7.1	1.5	0.6	2.8

PPR6: Friends’ Alcohol Use

Q24a. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have had one or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage?

Friends’ Alcohol Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	57.1	13.2	10.3	4.8	14.6
Male	64.0	11.2	7.4	3.6	13.8
Female	50.3	15.1	13.2	6.0	15.4
8th Grade	72.5	12.9	7.0	2.6	5.0
10th Grade	57.0	14.4	9.6	4.1	14.9
12th Grade	41.9	12.2	14.2	7.8	23.9

Q25b. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have had 5 or more drinks on the same occasion?

Friends’ Binge Drinking (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	71.9	8.3	7.0	2.8	9.9
Male	76.2	5.7	5.2	2.4	10.4
Female	67.7	11.0	8.8	3.2	9.4
8th Grade	88.5	4.8	3.0	1.4	2.3
10th Grade	72.5	8.6	7.2	2.4	9.4
12th Grade	55.0	11.5	10.8	4.6	18.1

PPR6: Friends’ Tobacco Use

Q24d. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have smoked part or all of a cigarette?

Friends’ Cigarette Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	80.3	8.6	4.7	1.8	4.7
Male	81.7	7.7	3.3	1.7	5.5
Female	79.0	9.4	6.1	1.8	3.7
8th Grade	86.2	7.6	3.2	0.8	2.1
10th Grade	79.7	8.4	5.3	1.7	5.0
12th Grade	75.0	9.7	5.6	2.8	6.9

PPR6: Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device

Note: Please see the next section (Friends’ Marijuana Use) for friends’ use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q24e. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used a vaping device with nicotine?

Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	54.5	12.1	8.9	5.2	19.2
Male	60.8	10.6	8.2	3.6	16.9
Female	48.3	13.6	9.6	6.9	21.6
8th Grade	65.8	13.6	6.0	2.2	12.4
10th Grade	54.6	11.1	8.5	6.7	19.1
12th Grade	43.3	11.7	12.2	6.7	26.2

PPR6: Friends’ Marijuana Use

Q24f. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used a vaping device with marijuana?

Friends’ Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	70.6	9.0	6.0	3.2	11.2
Male	75.0	7.1	5.4	1.8	10.7
Female	66.4	10.8	6.7	4.5	11.6
8th Grade	84.2	6.4	3.7	1.9	3.7
10th Grade	68.4	9.2	6.1	3.1	13.2
12th Grade	59.2	11.4	8.3	4.5	16.6

Q24g. Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many, if any, of your friends have used marijuana or hashish some other way?

Friends’ Marijuana Use (past year), by Gender and Grade

	0 friends	1 friend	2 friends	3 friends	4 or more friends
Overall	74.2	9.0	4.8	2.5	9.5
Male	76.6	8.0	4.2	2.0	9.1
Female	72.0	10.0	5.3	3.0	9.8
8th Grade	86.6	6.5	2.2	1.1	3.7
10th Grade	73.1	9.6	4.9	2.3	10.1
12th Grade	63.0	10.9	7.2	4.2	14.7

PPR6: Parent, Peer, and Personal Disapproval of Alcohol and Other Drug Use

Parent, peer, and personal disapproval for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to…”, “How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to…”, and “How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “Not at all wrong” to “Very wrong.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“Not at all wrong,” “A little bit wrong,” “Wrong,” and “Very wrong”), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported that it was either “Wrong” or “Very wrong,” shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR6: Parent Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q25g. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Parent Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.1	2.2	8.0	87.7
Male	2.5	2.0	8.2	87.3
Female	1.6	2.5	7.8	88.1
8th Grade	1.4	1.8	7.6	89.2
10th Grade	2.0	2.4	7.4	88.3
12th Grade	3.0	2.5	9.0	85.5

PPR6: Parent Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q26a. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to drink alcohol?

Parent Disapproval of Drinking Alcohol, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	6.2	17.3	20.5	56.0
Male	5.6	15.9	20.2	58.3
Female	6.7	18.7	20.8	53.9
8th Grade	2.5	11.7	19.4	66.4
10th Grade	6.1	15.3	19.7	58.9
12th Grade	9.9	25.0	22.3	42.8

Q26b. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Parent Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	2.4	3.6	13.7	80.3
Male	3.2	3.6	13.5	79.8
Female	1.6	3.6	13.9	80.9
8th Grade	1.2	2.2	9.7	86.9
10th Grade	2.3	3.2	12.6	81.9
12th Grade	3.8	5.3	18.9	71.9

PPR6: Parent Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q26c. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to smoke tobacco?

Parent Disapproval of Smoking Tobacco, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	3.0	4.0	13.0	80.0
Male	3.8	4.0	13.2	79.0
Female	2.2	3.9	12.7	81.2
8th Grade	1.6	2.6	9.5	86.2
10th Grade	2.7	3.4	11.1	82.9
12th Grade	4.7	6.0	18.3	71.0

PPR6: Parent Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Parent Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for parental disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q25d. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Parent Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	4.2	6.8	14.6	74.4
Male	4.5	5.2	14.8	75.6
Female	3.9	8.4	14.4	73.3
8th Grade	1.7	4.2	11.8	82.3
10th Grade	4.0	6.5	13.3	76.2
12th Grade	7.0	9.8	18.6	64.5

PPR6: Parent Disapproval of Marijuana

Q25e. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Parent Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	4.2	4.7	9.9	81.2
Male	4.1	3.9	10.2	81.8
Female	4.2	5.5	9.6	80.7
8th Grade	1.6	2.4	6.3	89.7
10th Grade	3.2	5.0	9.1	82.7
12th Grade	7.8	6.7	14.4	71.1

Q26g. How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to smoke marijuana?

Parent Disapproval of Smoking Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	5.0	5.6	10.1	79.3
Male	5.1	4.8	10.6	79.5
Female	4.8	6.4	9.6	79.1
8th Grade	2.5	2.2	6.7	88.6
10th Grade	4.0	5.5	10.2	80.3
12th Grade	8.5	9.2	13.5	68.8

PPR6: Peer Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q26g. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Peer Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	9.0	7.9	17.6	65.5
Male	10.5	8.6	18.6	62.3
Female	7.5	7.1	16.6	68.8
8th Grade	6.9	7.4	17.8	67.8
10th Grade	10.5	7.3	18.4	63.9
12th Grade	9.7	9.0	16.6	64.7

PPR6: Peer Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q27a. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to drink alcohol?

Peer Disapproval of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	28.1	20.4	16.9	34.6
Male	25.6	19.5	18.5	36.5
Female	30.5	21.4	15.3	32.8
8th Grade	13.3	19.0	22.4	45.4
10th Grade	26.0	21.9	17.0	35.1
12th Grade	45.1	20.4	11.2	23.2

Q26b. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Peer Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	13.9	14.8	22.7	48.5
Male	15.0	15.2	21.8	48.1
Female	12.8	14.4	23.7	49.1
8th Grade	7.7	11.5	21.3	59.5
10th Grade	14.4	14.0	22.8	48.8
12th Grade	19.6	19.0	24.1	37.3

PPR6: Peer Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q26c. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to smoke tobacco?

Peer Disapproval of Tobacco Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	14.7	14.3	20.7	50.3
Male	15.4	14.1	20.5	50.0
Female	13.9	14.4	20.9	50.8
8th Grade	7.4	11.8	20.5	60.3
10th Grade	15.3	13.1	21.3	50.3
12th Grade	21.5	18.0	20.2	40.3

PPR6: Peer Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for peer disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q26d. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Peer Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	25.8	16.7	16.5	41.1
Male	23.2	15.6	16.8	44.3
Female	28.3	17.7	16.1	37.9
8th Grade	14.3	15.7	19.2	50.8
10th Grade	25.3	15.7	18.0	41.0
12th Grade	37.7	18.7	12.2	31.3

PPR6: Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use

Q26e. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Peer Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	21.2	13.8	16.7	48.3
Male	19.8	12.8	17.8	49.6
Female	22.4	14.8	15.7	47.0
8th Grade	10.9	10.6	17.9	60.6
10th Grade	21.0	14.8	16.7	47.5
12th Grade	31.8	16.1	15.6	36.6

Q26f. How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to smoke marijuana?

Peer Disapproval of Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	21.6	13.0	16.1	49.3
Male	20.5	12.0	16.5	50.9
Female	22.6	13.9	15.7	47.8
8th Grade	11.2	9.0	16.9	62.9
10th Grade	20.7	14.1	16.3	48.9
12th Grade	33.0	15.8	15.1	36.1

PPR6: Personal Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q27g. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use prescription drugs not prescribed them?

Personal Disapproval of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	4.2	5.6	13.7	76.5
Male	4.5	6.3	13.0	76.2
Female	3.7	5.0	14.4	77.0
8th Grade	2.3	3.2	13.5	81.0
10th Grade	6.3	6.7	12.9	74.1
12th Grade	4.1	7.1	14.6	74.2

PPR6: Personal Disapproval of Alcohol Use

Q27a. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to drink alcohol?

Personal Disapproval of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	11.6	20.9	21.9	45.6
Male	10.4	19.4	20.6	49.6
Female	12.6	22.4	23.3	41.6
8th Grade	3.7	10.8	24.8	60.6
10th Grade	11.1	22.2	20.4	46.4
12th Grade	19.9	29.8	20.6	29.7

Q27b. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?

Personal Disapproval of Daily Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	5.6	8.7	19.3	66.4
Male	6.2	9.0	17.0	67.7
Female	4.9	8.3	21.6	65.2
8th Grade	2.1	5.0	15.8	77.1
10th Grade	6.8	9.3	17.9	66.0
12th Grade	8.0	11.8	24.3	55.9

PPR6: Personal Disapproval of Tobacco Use

Q28b. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to smoke tobacco?

Personal Disapproval of Tobacco Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	6.7	10.5	19.9	62.9
Male	6.7	10.8	18.4	64.0
Female	6.6	10.2	21.4	61.9
8th Grade	3.2	3.8	16.7	76.2
10th Grade	7.1	11.3	19.0	62.6
12th Grade	9.9	16.6	23.9	49.6

PPR6: Personal Disapproval of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use) for personal disapproval of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q27d. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use a vaping device with nicotine?

Personal Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	10.3	16.2	19.2	54.3
Male	9.1	14.4	17.7	58.9
Female	11.4	18.1	20.7	49.8
8th Grade	5.5	9.5	18.4	66.7
10th Grade	11.2	17.6	16.5	54.6
12th Grade	14.3	21.7	22.5	41.5

PPR6: Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use

Q27e. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use a vaping device with marijuana?

Personal Disapproval of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	10.4	12.9	16.2	60.5
Male	9.3	12.3	14.1	64.3
Female	11.3	13.5	18.3	56.9
8th Grade	4.0	6.2	13.3	76.6
10th Grade	10.5	14.3	15.4	59.7
12th Grade	16.7	18.3	19.9	45.1

Q27f. How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to use marijuana (some other way)?

Personal Disapproval of Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	Not at all wrong	A little bit wrong	Wrong	Very wrong
Overall	11.2	12.3	15.7	60.8
Male	10.4	11.9	14.1	63.6
Female	11.9	12.7	17.3	58.1
8th Grade	3.9	5.7	12.9	77.5
10th Grade	11.2	12.8	15.4	60.6
12th Grade	18.7	18.6	18.7	44.0

PPR6: Perception of Risk

Perception of risk for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they…” Students were asked to respond using a rating scale from “No risk” to “Great risk.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each rating option (“No risk,” “Slight risk,” “Moderate risk,” and “Great risk”), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance show the combined percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported either “Moderate risk” or “Great risk,” shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR6: Perceived Risk of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q28h. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use prescription drugs that are not prescribed to them?

Perceived Risk of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	8.6	5.8	15.0	70.6
Male	10.8	5.5	15.1	68.6
Female	6.3	6.1	15.0	72.7
8th Grade	7.9	6.3	15.9	69.8
10th Grade	8.9	5.2	15.3	70.6
12th Grade	8.9	5.9	13.9	71.4

PPR6: Perceived Risk of Alcohol Use

Q28a. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they drink alcohol?

Perceived Risk of Alcohol Use, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	9.1	23.7	31.7	35.5
Male	11.3	24.9	29.9	34.0
Female	6.8	22.6	33.6	37.0
8th Grade	7.2	21.8	31.3	39.7
10th Grade	10.2	21.8	31.0	37.0
12th Grade	9.9	27.6	32.9	29.7

Q28b. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they have five or more drinks of an alcoholic beverage (beer, wine, liquor) once or twice a week?

Perceived Risk of Regular Binge Drinking, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	7.8	8.8	24.7	58.8
Male	9.8	9.5	25.5	55.2
Female	5.6	8.0	23.9	62.5
8th Grade	7.4	7.2	23.5	61.9
10th Grade	8.7	8.6	23.8	58.9
12th Grade	7.2	10.5	26.7	55.6

PPR6: Perceived Risk of Tobacco Use

Q28c. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they smoke one or more packs of cigarettes a day?

Perceived Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes a Day, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	9.2	7.7	16.8	66.4
Male	11.4	8.5	17.3	62.8
Female	6.9	6.9	16.2	70.0
8th Grade	8.2	7.0	15.5	69.3
10th Grade	9.5	7.4	16.8	66.3
12th Grade	9.8	8.8	18.0	63.4

PPR6: Perceived Risk of Vaping

Note: Please see the next section (Perceived Risk of Marijuana Use) for perceived risk of use of a vaping device with marijuana.

Q28d. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use a vaping device with nicotine?

Perceived Risk of Use of a Vaping Device with Nicotine, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	10.9	19.4	26.3	43.4
Male	13.5	19.1	24.6	42.8
Female	8.2	19.7	28.0	44.1
8th Grade	9.6	17.3	24.6	48.5
10th Grade	11.8	19.0	25.2	43.9
12th Grade	11.3	21.9	28.9	37.9

PPR6: Perceived Risk of Marijuana Use

Q28e. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they use a vaping device with marijuana?

Perceived Risk of Use of a Vaping Device with Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	12.1	17.5	23.5	46.9
Male	14.7	16.8	22.8	45.7
Female	9.5	18.2	24.2	48.2
8th Grade	9.5	12.0	20.1	58.5
10th Grade	13.7	16.7	22.4	47.1
12th Grade	13.2	23.7	28.0	35.2

Q28f. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they try marijuana once or twice?

Perceived Risk of Trying Marijuana, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	22.9	21.6	17.1	38.4
Male	24.8	21.0	16.5	37.8
Female	20.9	22.1	17.8	39.2
8th Grade	15.8	17.0	19.2	48.0
10th Grade	23.1	21.5	16.8	38.6
12th Grade	29.8	26.1	15.4	28.7

Q28g. How much do you think people risk harming themselves physically or in other ways if they smoke marijuana once or twice a week?

Perceived Risk of Regular Marijuana Use, by Gender and Grade

	No risk	Slight risk	Moderate Risk	Great risk
Overall	16.1	16.3	22.0	45.7
Male	18.0	16.4	21.8	43.8
Female	14.1	16.1	22.2	47.7
8th Grade	11.5	11.1	20.5	56.9
10th Grade	16.6	15.6	22.1	45.7
12th Grade	20.2	22.1	23.3	34.4

PPR6: Psychological Distress

Psychological distress was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-6). This six-item scale asked students how often they have had six different feelings in the past 30 days.

The first six tables display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported each likert response option (“None of the time”, “A little of the time”, Some of the time”, “Most of the time”, “All of the time”), for each of the scale items, shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graph displays the weighted average scale score, shown by gender and grade level. Scale scores were calculated by adding up each respondent’s responses to the six items where a response of “None of the time” was 0 points; “A little of the time” 1 point; “Some of the time” 2 points; “Most of the time” 3 points; and “All of the time” 4 points. For example, if a student reported feeling each of the six feelings “All of the time” s/he would have a K-6 scale score of 24. Therefore, higher scores on this scale indicate greater psychological distress. Each bar in the bar graph also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

The final table in the section displays the percent of students (weighted proportions) for each level of psychological distress (low, moderate, and high). Research has shown that psychological distress scale scores of low (0-7 points), moderate (8-12 points), or high (13-24 points) are correlated with low, moderate, or high probabilities of mental health disorders such as mood and anxiety disorders and suicide ideation, for example.

PPR6: Feeling Nervous

Q29a. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt nervous?

Feeling Nervous in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	24.3	19.4	25.5	14.7	16.1
Male	33.4	24.0	24.1	9.3	9.2
Female	15.0	14.8	27.0	20.2	22.9
8th Grade	26.0	22.2	22.7	13.2	15.9
10th Grade	25.1	16.5	25.2	15.7	17.5
12th Grade	21.7	19.6	28.6	15.2	14.8

PPR6: Feeling Hopeless

Q29b. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt hopeless?

Feeling Hopeless in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	48.7	17.4	15.5	9.1	9.3
Male	60.0	14.3	12.5	6.3	6.9
Female	37.4	20.7	18.5	11.8	11.6
8th Grade	54.8	14.1	11.9	9.1	10.1
10th Grade	45.0	18.6	17.4	8.6	10.4
12th Grade	46.3	19.5	17.2	9.5	7.5

PPR6: Feeling Restless or Fidgety

Q29c. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt restless or fidgety?

Feeling Restless or Fidgety in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	35.2	13.5	16.2	15.8	19.3
Male	45.2	14.7	15.5	11.4	13.2
Female	25.3	12.4	16.8	20.2	25.2
8th Grade	39.1	14.1	14.6	13.5	18.7
10th Grade	33.4	11.8	17.7	16.2	20.8
12th Grade	33.2	14.6	16.3	17.7	18.3

PPR6: Feeling Depressed

Q29d. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt so depressed that nothing could cheer you up?

Feeling So Depressed that Nothing Could Cheer You Up in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	56.0	15.4	13.2	7.2	8.2
Male	66.4	12.5	10.5	4.7	5.9
Female	45.7	18.3	15.9	9.8	10.4
8th Grade	61.5	12.9	11.0	6.4	8.2
10th Grade	54.5	15.1	13.5	7.9	9.0
12th Grade	51.9	18.1	15.1	7.5	7.3

PPR6: Feeling That Everything Was an Effort

Q29e. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt that everything was an effort?

Feeling That Everything Was an Effort in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	42.0	15.5	16.3	12.4	13.7
Male	52.1	15.3	14.1	8.4	10.1
Female	31.9	15.8	18.5	16.4	17.4
8th Grade	47.3	13.7	13.9	11.5	13.7
10th Grade	41.0	16.0	17.3	11.7	14.0
12th Grade	37.8	16.9	17.8	13.9	13.6

PPR6: Feeling Worthless

Q29f. Thinking about the past 30 days, about how often have you felt worthless?

Feeling Worthless in the Past 30 Days, by Gender and Grade

	None of the time	A little of the time	Some of the time	Most of the time	All of the time
Overall	55.1	12.1	11.8	8.2	12.8
Male	65.5	10.5	8.3	6.0	9.7
Female	44.6	13.8	15.3	10.4	15.9
8th Grade	59.1	10.6	9.1	8.3	12.9
10th Grade	53.7	12.1	12.8	7.0	14.5
12th Grade	52.4	13.7	13.4	9.4	11.1

PPR6: K-6 Average Scale Score

PPR6: K-6 Levels of Pyschological Distress

Level of Psychological Distress, by Gender and Grade

	Low	Moderate	High
Overall	54.2	18.6	27.2
Male	66.5	15.5	18.0
Female	41.9	21.7	36.4
8th Grade	59.6	15.2	25.1
10th Grade	52.1	19.4	28.5
12th Grade	50.9	21.1	27.9

PPR6: Suicide Ideation

Suicide ideation was measured using students’ responses to two questions: (Q30) “In the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?” and (Q31) “In the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?”

The bar graphs for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who responded “Yes”, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

Q30. In the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?

Q31. In the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?

PPR6: Family Communication about Substance Use

Family communication about substance use for each substance was defined using students’ responses to the questions, “During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of… [substance use]? By parents, we mean your adult guardians, whether they live with you or not.”

The tables for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no conversations (the “No” column), one conversation (the “Yes” column), and multiple conversations (the “Yes, more than once” column), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each substance display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported at least one or more conversations, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR6: Family Communication about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q34. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Family Communication about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	66.0	24.3	9.7
Male	67.0	24.3	8.7
Female	64.9	24.4	10.7
8th Grade	64.5	25.4	10.1
10th Grade	64.6	24.4	11.0
12th Grade	68.9	23.1	8.0

PPR6: Family Communication about the Dangers of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug (ATOD) Use

Q32. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of tobacco, alcohol, or drug use?

Family Communication about the Dangers of ATOD Use, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	51.5	34.4	14.1
Male	51.7	35.3	13.0
Female	51.3	33.4	15.3
8th Grade	51.8	32.6	15.6
10th Grade	48.9	36.3	14.8
12th Grade	53.8	34.2	12.0

PPR6: Family Communication about the Dangers of Vaping

Q33. During the past 12 months, have you talked with at least one of your parents about the dangers of vaping?

Family Communication about the Dangers of Vaping, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	54.8	32.9	12.3
Male	56.2	32.6	11.2
Female	53.4	33.2	13.5
8th Grade	55.2	31.8	13.0
10th Grade	51.4	34.2	14.5
12th Grade	57.8	32.6	9.5

PPR6: Exposure to Prevention and Other Messaging

Exposure to prevention messaging was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 12 months, do you recall hearing, reading, or watching an advertisement about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?” Exposure to other messaging was defined using students’ responses to the question, “During the past 12 months, do you recall seeing anything online or on social media encouraging underage drinking, vaping, marijuana, or other drug use?”

The tables for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported no exposure (the “No” column), one exposure (the “Yes” column), and multiple exposures (the “Yes, more than once” column), shown by gender and grade level.

The bar graphs for each question display the percent of students (weighted proportions) who reported at least one or more exposures, shown by gender and grade level. Each bar also includes a light gray line that represents the lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval. Longer lines indicate that there is potential for more variation in the estimated value and shorter lines indicate less variation.

PPR6: Exposure to Prevention Messaging about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse

Q35. During the past 12 months, do you recall hearing, reading, or watching an advertisement about the dangers of using prescription drugs not prescribed to you?

Exposure to Prevention Messaging about the Dangers of Prescription Drug Misuse, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	50.5	32.1	17.3
Male	53.3	30.3	16.4
Female	47.6	34.0	18.3
8th Grade	46.1	34.1	19.7
10th Grade	50.7	31.7	17.6
12th Grade	54.8	30.6	14.7

PPR6: Exposure to Online Messaging Encouraging Underage Substance Use

Q36. During the past 12 months, do you recall seeing anything online or on social media encouraging underage drinking, vaping, marijuana, or other drug use?

Exposure to Online Messaging Encouraging Underage Substance Use, by Gender and Grade

	No	Yes	Yes, more than once
Overall	61.7	23.9	14.4
Male	66.1	21.9	12.0
Female	57.2	26.0	16.8
8th Grade	64.9	21.4	13.6
10th Grade	60.2	23.9	15.9
12th Grade	59.8	26.3	13.9

End of Planning and Policy Region 6 results.

Acknowledgements

The Tennessee Together Student Survey 2022-2023 was funded under a contract with the State of Tennessee Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (TDMHSAS), with direction and support from Anthony Jackson, TDMHSAS Director of Prevention Services. This report was produced by EMT Associates, Inc. staff in collaboration with TDMHSAS, Division of Substance Abuse Services Prevention Team.

We would like to recognize local Substance Use Prevention Coalitions; school boards; Directors of Schools; and school administrators, teachers, Coordinated School Health, and other key school staff members who worked to implement this survey in their schools. We would also like to thank Tennessee parents and students for allowing this survey to take place in your communities and for your open and honest reporting about these key metrics.

For questions about this report please reach out to Lacey Hartigan, PhD, Research Director at EMT Associates, Inc. (lacey@emt.org; 615-678-1037); Anthony Jackson, TDMHSAS Director of Prevention Services (anthony.jackson@tn.gov); or Victoria Stuart-Cassel, President at EMT Associates, Inc. (tori@emt.org).